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We began analyzing https://breast-cancer-research.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13058-018-0988-9, but it redirected us to https://breast-cancer-research.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13058-018-0988-9. The analysis below is for the second page.

Title[redir]:
SNAI2 upregulation is associated with an aggressive phenotype in fulvestrant-resistant breast cancer cells and is an indicator of poor response to endocrine therapy in estrogen receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer | Breast Cancer Research | Full Text
Description:
Background Endocrine resistance in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer is a major clinical problem and is associated with accelerated cancer cell growth, increased motility and acquisition of mesenchymal characteristics. However, the specific molecules and pathways involved in these altered features remain to be detailed, and may be promising therapeutic targets to overcome endocrine resistance. Methods In the present study, we evaluated altered expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) regulators in ER+ breast cancer cell models of tamoxifen or fulvestrant resistance, by gene expression profiling. We investigated the specific role of increased SNAI2 expression in fulvestrant-resistant cells by gene knockdown and treatment with a SNAIL-p53 binding inhibitor, and evaluated the effect on cell growth, migration and expression of EMT markers. Furthermore, we evaluated SNAI2 expression by immunohistochemical analysis in metastatic samples from two cohorts of patients with breast cancer treated with endocrine therapy in the advanced setting. Results SNAI2 was found to be significantly upregulated in all endocrine-resistant cells compared to parental cell lines, while no changes were observed in the expression of other EMT-associated transcription factors. SNAI2 knockdown with specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) converted the mesenchymal-like fulvestrant-resistant cells into an epithelial-like phenotype and reduced cell motility. Furthermore, inhibition of SNAI2 with specific siRNA or a SNAIL-p53 binding inhibitor reduced growth of cells resistant to fulvestrant treatment. Clinical evaluation of SNAI2 expression in two independent cohorts of patients with ER+ metastatic breast cancer treated with endocrine therapy in the advanced setting (N = 86 and N = 67) showed that high SNAI2 expression in the metastasis correlated significantly with shorter progression-free survival on endocrine treatment (p = 0.0003 and p = 0.004). Conclusions Our results suggest that SNAI2 is a key regulator of the aggressive phenotype observed in endocrine-resistant breast cancer cells, an independent prognostic biomarker in ER+ advanced breast cancer treated with endocrine therapy, and may be a promising therapeutic target in combination with endocrine therapies in ER+ metastatic breast cancer exhibiting high SNAI2 levels.

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snai, cells, cancer, breast, cell, expression, fulvestrantresistant, endocrine, pubmed, article, growth, emt, resistance, google, scholar, patients, therapy, lines, cas, metastatic, data, levels, fulvestrant, gene, treatment, cohort, knockdown, fig, analysis, treated, sox, estrogen, transcription, high, shown, tamoxifenresistant, phenotype, mesenchymal, pfs, evaluated, tamoxifen, advanced, compared, protein, clinical, transition, receptor, central, epithelial, including,

Topics {✒️}

springer nature author information authors fusion-fx7–7026 wl/26mx instrument formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded fulvestrant-resistant abbreviations ci estrogen receptor-positive hrp-conjugated goat anti-rabbit hrp-conjugated donkey anti-goat state privacy rights methods cell lines original author triple-negative breast cancer 4–20% sds-page gel snail-p53 binding inhibitor fulvestrant-resistant cell models conjugated goat anti-mouse phenol red-free dulbecco tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer mcf-7-based fulvestrant-resistant mcf-7-based fulvestrant-sensitive estrogen receptor alpha estrogen receptor-alpha fulvestrant-resistant cell lines mcf-7-based endocrine-resistant fulvestrant-sensitive cell lines complete clinical information hrp-conjugated powervision+™ system endocrine-sensitive cell lines rights ethics committee tamoxifen-resistant cell lines epithelial-mesenchymal transition mesenchymal-epithelial transition parental fulvestrant-sensitive cells fulvestrant-resistant cells compared full sections endocrine-resistant cells compared increased e-cadherin levels tamoxifen-resistant cells compared slug regulates e-cadherin performed kaplan-meier estimates 182r-1 fulvestrant-resistant cells statistically significant results including high e-cadherin emt-inducing transcription factor breast cancer metastasis shorter progression-free survival breast cancer treated er+ breast cancer fulvestrant-resistant models

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         description:Endocrine resistance in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer is a major clinical problem and is associated with accelerated cancer cell growth, increased motility and acquisition of mesenchymal characteristics. However, the specific molecules and pathways involved in these altered features remain to be detailed, and may be promising therapeutic targets to overcome endocrine resistance. In the present study, we evaluated altered expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) regulators in ER+ breast cancer cell models of tamoxifen or fulvestrant resistance, by gene expression profiling. We investigated the specific role of increased SNAI2 expression in fulvestrant-resistant cells by gene knockdown and treatment with a SNAIL-p53 binding inhibitor, and evaluated the effect on cell growth, migration and expression of EMT markers. Furthermore, we evaluated SNAI2 expression by immunohistochemical analysis in metastatic samples from two cohorts of patients with breast cancer treated with endocrine therapy in the advanced setting. SNAI2 was found to be significantly upregulated in all endocrine-resistant cells compared to parental cell lines, while no changes were observed in the expression of other EMT-associated transcription factors. SNAI2 knockdown with specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) converted the mesenchymal-like fulvestrant-resistant cells into an epithelial-like phenotype and reduced cell motility. Furthermore, inhibition of SNAI2 with specific siRNA or a SNAIL-p53 binding inhibitor reduced growth of cells resistant to fulvestrant treatment. Clinical evaluation of SNAI2 expression in two independent cohorts of patients with ER+ metastatic breast cancer treated with endocrine therapy in the advanced setting (N = 86 and N = 67) showed that high SNAI2 expression in the metastasis correlated significantly with shorter progression-free survival on endocrine treatment (p = 0.0003 and p = 0.004). Our results suggest that SNAI2 is a key regulator of the aggressive phenotype observed in endocrine-resistant breast cancer cells, an independent prognostic biomarker in ER+ advanced breast cancer treated with endocrine therapy, and may be a promising therapeutic target in combination with endocrine therapies in ER+ metastatic breast cancer exhibiting high SNAI2 levels.
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