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We began analyzing https://www.nature.com/articles/pr2000174, but it redirected us to https://www.nature.com/articles/pr2000174. The analysis below is for the second page.

Title[redir]:
Maternal Caffeine Intake Has Minor Effects on Adenosine Receptor Ontogeny in the Rat Brain | Pediatric Research
Description:
Maternal caffeine intake has been suggested to influence the offspring. We have studied the effects of maternal caffeine intake on adenosine and GABA receptors, targets for caffeine, during development of the rat brain. Caffeine (0.3 g/L) was added to the drinking water of rat dams during pregnancy and early postnatal life. Adenosine A1 and A2A and GABAA receptor development was studied using receptor autoradiography and in situ hybridization. Pups were examined on embryonic d 14 (E14), E18, E21, 2 h after birth (P2h), P24h, postnatal d 3 (P3), P7, P14, and P21. Adenosine A1 receptor mRNA was detected at E14 and receptors at E18. A1 mRNA levels increased from the level reached at E18 between P3 and P14 (maximally a doubling), whereas A1 receptors, studied by [3H]-1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentyl xanthine binding, increased later and to a much larger extent (about 10-fold) postnatally. Caffeine treatment had no significant effect on adenosine A1 receptors or on A1 receptor mRNA. A2A mRNA had reached adult levels by E18, whereas receptor levels were low or undetectable before birth and increased dramatically until P14. Caffeine did not influence A2A receptors or A2A receptor mRNA at any stage during development. [3H]-flunitrazepam binding, representing GABAA receptors, showed large regional variations during ontogeny, but there were no clear differences between the caffeine-exposed and the nonexposed pups. Thus, exposure to a low dose of caffeine during gestation and postnatal life had only minor effects on development of adenosine A1 and A2A receptors and GABAA receptors in the rat brain.

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Keywords {🔍}

caffeine, receptors, binding, receptor, adenosine, brain, article, cas, google, scholar, mrna, rat, development, effects, present, fredholm, sections, nature, postnatal, pups, levels, doses, studies, detected, animals, study, hdpcpx, res, expression, results, studied, birth, treatment, controls, previous, intake, hybridization, low, research, ontogeny, water, autoradiography, situ, significant, dose, human, concentrations, plasma, rats, hcgs,

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nature portfolio permissions reprints privacy policy nature 377 nature scientific information advertising fresh solutions imaging research systems social media italy medical research striatal medium-sized neurons phenylethylamino]-5′-n-ethylcarboxamido adenosine full size image [3h]-n-methyl-flunitrazepam ice-cold tris-hcl regional animal ethicscommittee g-protein coupled a2-receptors a1 receptor-rich areas ice-cold distilled water hypoxic-ischemic brain damage breast-feeding human mothers ten-micrometer-thick sections 3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentyl xanthine binding long-term theophylline treatment scandinavian gene systems r-n6-phenylisopropyladenosine neca permissions [3h]-flunitrazepam binding sites n-methyl-flunitrazepam middle panels middle panel reported long-term adaptive present data considered monsma fj jr phenylethylamino]-5′-n-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine adenosine a2 receptor coffee-drinking human mothers agonist [3h]-cgs 21680 privacy 3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentyl xanthine a1 adenosine receptor therapeutic caffeine alters long-term behavioral gene expression xanthine adenosine antagonists term human fetus a1 mrna expression adenosine binding sites

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      headline:Maternal Caffeine Intake Has Minor Effects on Adenosine Receptor Ontogeny in the Rat Brain
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