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We began analyzing https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00401-017-1792-9, but it redirected us to https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00401-017-1792-9. The analysis below is for the second page.

Title[redir]:
Spread of aggregates after olfactory bulb injection of α-synuclein fibrils is associated with early neuronal loss and is reduced long term | Acta Neuropathologica
Description:
Parkinson’s disease is characterized by degeneration of substantia nigra dopamine neurons and by intraneuronal aggregates, primarily composed of misfolded α-synuclein. The α-synuclein aggregates in Parkinson’s patients are suggested to first appear in the olfactory bulb and enteric nerves and then propagate, following a stereotypic pattern, via neural pathways to numerous regions across the brain. We recently demonstrated that after injection of either mouse or human α-synuclein fibrils into the olfactory bulb of wild-type mice, α-synuclein fibrils recruited endogenous α-synuclein into pathological aggregates that spread transneuronally to over 40 other brain regions and subregions, over 12 months. We previously reported the progressive spreading of α-synuclein aggregates, between 1 and 12 months following α-synuclein fibril injections, and now report how far the pathology has spread 18- and 23-month post-injection in this model. Our data show that between 12 and 18 months, there is a further increase in the number of brain regions exhibiting pathology after human, and to a lesser extent mouse, α-synuclein fibril injections. At both 18 and 23 months after injection of mouse and human α-synuclein fibrils, we observed a reduction in the density of α-synuclein aggregates in some brain regions compared to others at 12 months. At 23 months, no additional brain regions exhibited α-synuclein aggregates compared to earlier time points. In addition, we also demonstrate that the induced α-synucleinopathy triggered a significant early neuron loss in the anterior olfactory nucleus. By contrast, there was no loss of mitral neurons in the olfactory bulb, even at 18 month post-injection. We speculate that the lack of continued progression of α-synuclein pathology is due to compromise of the neural circuitry, consequential to neuron loss and possibly to the activation of proteolytic mechanisms in resilient neurons of wild-type mice that counterbalances the spread and seeding by degrading pathogenic α-synuclein.

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Keywords {🔍}

pathology, months, month, brain, postinjection, αsyn, pubmed, article, mice, google, scholar, injection, regions, cells, hupffs, cell, aon, mpffs, fig, cas, αsynuclein, olfactory, disease, inclusions, loss, mms, neurons, pffs, parkinsons, contralateral, animals, neuronal, pser, mouse, observed, central, sections, lee, time, ipsilateral, model, online, resource, previously, injections, group, cresyl, data, density, cortex,

Topics {✒️}

full-length human α-syn pff-induced α-syn pathology amyloidogenic recombinant a-synuclein article download pdf cresyl violet-positive cells pre-formed fibrillar assemblies cns a-synuclein pathology pathological α-synuclein initiates pathological alpha-synuclein propagates synthetic alpha-synuclein fibrils 23-month post-mms-injection exhibited cresyl violet-stained cells recruit endogenous α-syn α-syn pathology decreased amyloidogenic α-synuclein seeds human α-synuclein fibrils exhibited α-syn pathology modified avidin–biotin technique degrading pathogenic α-synuclein versus wild-type mice mutation-specific functional impairments cresyl violet-stained sections soluble mouse α-syn thioflavin-s-positive inclusions detected induced α-synucleinopathy triggered α-synuclein fibril injections soluble α-syn injected long post-injection times undergo intra-axonal transport template normal α-syn α-syn pathology induced α-syn aggregate pathology pathological α-synuclein distribution heat-induced antigen retrieval malmö-lund ethical committee peripheral α-synuclein aggregates cresyl violet-positive widespread α-syn pathology central amygdaloid nucleus contained α-syn pathology pre-formed fibrils specific cell population defined α-syn pathology progresses α-syn pathology propagation linear mixed-effects models contralateral infra-limbic cortex degrade α-syn aggregates assess α-syn pathology assessed α-syn pathology central brain regions

Questions {❓}

  • Olanow CW, Prusiner SB (2009) Is Parkinson’s disease a prion disorder?
  • Oueslati A (2016) Implication of alpha-synuclein phosphorylation at S129 in synucleinopathies: what have we learned in the last decade?

Schema {🗺️}

WebPage:
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         headline:Spread of aggregates after olfactory bulb injection of α-synuclein fibrils is associated with early neuronal loss and is reduced long term
         description:Parkinson’s disease is characterized by degeneration of substantia nigra dopamine neurons and by intraneuronal aggregates, primarily composed of misfolded α-synuclein. The α-synuclein aggregates in Parkinson’s patients are suggested to first appear in the olfactory bulb and enteric nerves and then propagate, following a stereotypic pattern, via neural pathways to numerous regions across the brain. We recently demonstrated that after injection of either mouse or human α-synuclein fibrils into the olfactory bulb of wild-type mice, α-synuclein fibrils recruited endogenous α-synuclein into pathological aggregates that spread transneuronally to over 40 other brain regions and subregions, over 12 months. We previously reported the progressive spreading of α-synuclein aggregates, between 1 and 12 months following α-synuclein fibril injections, and now report how far the pathology has spread 18- and 23-month post-injection in this model. Our data show that between 12 and 18 months, there is a further increase in the number of brain regions exhibiting pathology after human, and to a lesser extent mouse, α-synuclein fibril injections. At both 18 and 23 months after injection of mouse and human α-synuclein fibrils, we observed a reduction in the density of α-synuclein aggregates in some brain regions compared to others at 12 months. At 23 months, no additional brain regions exhibited α-synuclein aggregates compared to earlier time points. In addition, we also demonstrate that the induced α-synucleinopathy triggered a significant early neuron loss in the anterior olfactory nucleus. By contrast, there was no loss of mitral neurons in the olfactory bulb, even at 18 month post-injection. We speculate that the lack of continued progression of α-synuclein pathology is due to compromise of the neural circuitry, consequential to neuron loss and possibly to the activation of proteolytic mechanisms in resilient neurons of wild-type mice that counterbalances the spread and seeding by degrading pathogenic α-synuclein.
         datePublished:2017-12-05T00:00:00Z
         dateModified:2017-12-05T00:00:00Z
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      headline:Spread of aggregates after olfactory bulb injection of α-synuclein fibrils is associated with early neuronal loss and is reduced long term
      description:Parkinson’s disease is characterized by degeneration of substantia nigra dopamine neurons and by intraneuronal aggregates, primarily composed of misfolded α-synuclein. The α-synuclein aggregates in Parkinson’s patients are suggested to first appear in the olfactory bulb and enteric nerves and then propagate, following a stereotypic pattern, via neural pathways to numerous regions across the brain. We recently demonstrated that after injection of either mouse or human α-synuclein fibrils into the olfactory bulb of wild-type mice, α-synuclein fibrils recruited endogenous α-synuclein into pathological aggregates that spread transneuronally to over 40 other brain regions and subregions, over 12 months. We previously reported the progressive spreading of α-synuclein aggregates, between 1 and 12 months following α-synuclein fibril injections, and now report how far the pathology has spread 18- and 23-month post-injection in this model. Our data show that between 12 and 18 months, there is a further increase in the number of brain regions exhibiting pathology after human, and to a lesser extent mouse, α-synuclein fibril injections. At both 18 and 23 months after injection of mouse and human α-synuclein fibrils, we observed a reduction in the density of α-synuclein aggregates in some brain regions compared to others at 12 months. At 23 months, no additional brain regions exhibited α-synuclein aggregates compared to earlier time points. In addition, we also demonstrate that the induced α-synucleinopathy triggered a significant early neuron loss in the anterior olfactory nucleus. By contrast, there was no loss of mitral neurons in the olfactory bulb, even at 18 month post-injection. We speculate that the lack of continued progression of α-synuclein pathology is due to compromise of the neural circuitry, consequential to neuron loss and possibly to the activation of proteolytic mechanisms in resilient neurons of wild-type mice that counterbalances the spread and seeding by degrading pathogenic α-synuclein.
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      dateModified:2017-12-05T00:00:00Z
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         Parkinson’s disease
         Alpha-synuclein
         Aggregates
         Spreading
         Neurodegeneration
         Propagation
         Olfactory bulb
         Pathology
         Neurosciences
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                     name:Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute On Aging and Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
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      name:Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute On Aging and Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
      name:Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute On Aging and Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
      name:Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute On Aging and Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
      name:Center for Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, USA

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