We are analyzing https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00441-004-0956-9.

Title:
Stages in the development of Parkinson’s disease-related pathology | Cell and Tissue Research
Description:
The synucleinopathy, idiopathic Parkinson’s disease, is a multisystem disorder that involves only a few predisposed nerve cell types in specific regions of the human nervous system. The intracerebral formation of abnormal proteinaceous Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites begins at defined induction sites and advances in a topographically predictable sequence. As the disease progresses, components of the autonomic, limbic, and somatomotor systems become particularly badly damaged. During presymptomatic stages 1–2, inclusion body pathology is confined to the medulla oblongata/pontine tegmentum and olfactory bulb/anterior olfactory nucleus. In stages 3–4, the substantia nigra and other nuclear grays of the midbrain and forebrain become the focus of initially slight and, then, severe pathological changes. At this point, most individuals probably cross the threshold to the symptomatic phase of the illness. In the end-stages 5–6, the process enters the mature neocortex, and the disease manifests itself in all of its clinical dimensions.
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Keywords {🔍}

google, scholar, pubmed, article, disease, cas, parkinsons, braak, brain, human, system, nervous, neurol, eds, lewy, pathology, res, paxinos, neurodegenerative, del, tredici, nucleus, development, neurosci, aging, prog, diseases, research, rüb, basal, disorders, york, alzheimers, neurobiol, trojanowski, mai, edn, elsevier, san, diego, cell, neuropathology, study, cortex, neuropathol, vos, neurons, lee, vmy, privacy,

Topics {✒️}

corticobasal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop month download article/chapter medulla oblongata/pontine tegmentum lewy body-type degeneration age-related myelin breakdown synaptic vesicle-specific protein full article pdf lewy neurites begins hoesen gw van privacy choices/manage cookies tissue research aims hippocampal ca2/3 neurites human alpha-synuclein α-synuclein inclusions biomedical health research anterior olfactory nucleus axonal transport skillful technical support german research council doty rl central nervous system vulnerable neuronal types enteric nervous system related subjects human nervous system differential cell death inclusion body pathology european economic area defined induction sites primate amygdaloid complex alheid gf vagal efferent projections neurite growth inhibitors differential cholinergic innervation somatic motor system emotional motor system primary olfactory disorder alzheimer-related neurofibrillary human amygdaloid complex brain pathology related article cell conditions privacy policy choline acetyltransferase study article braak topographically predictable sequence cruz-sanchez ff neuropathological diagnostic criteria ubiquitin-proteasomal pathway isn neuropathologica press kluwer academic/plenum

Questions {❓}

Del Tredici K, Rüb U, Vos RAI de, Bohl JRE, Braak H (2002) Where does Parkinson disease pathology begin in the brain?
Hawkes CH, Shephard BC, Daniel SE (1999) Is Parkinson’s disease a primary olfactory disorder?

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