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We are analyzing https://www.nature.com/articles/nature12873.

Title:
Genetics of rheumatoid arthritis contributes to biology and drug discovery | Nature
Description:
A genome-wide association study meta-analysis of more than 100,000 subjects of European and Asian ancestries reveals 42 new risk loci for rheumatoid arthritis, with follow-up studies identifying 98 biological candidate genes that are either already being targeted by drugs or could be in the future. Virtual screening in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis of more than 100,000 subjects of European and Asian ancestries has revealed 42 previously unknown risk loci for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). As a follow-up, the authors developed a new in silico pipeline to identify 98 biological candidate genes at all known RA risk loci. They show that these genes are the targets of approved therapies for RA, and further suggest that drugs approved for other indications may be repurposed for the treatment of RA. A major challenge in human genetics is to devise a systematic strategy to integrate disease-associated variants with diverse genomic and biological data sets to provide insight into disease pathogenesis and guide drug discovery for complex traits such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA)1. Here we performed a genome-wide association study meta-analysis in a total of >100,000 subjects of European and Asian ancestries (29,880 RA cases and 73,758 controls), by evaluating ∼10 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms. We discovered 42 novel RA risk loci at a genome-wide level of significance, bringing the total to 101 (refs 2, 3, 4). We devised an in silico pipeline using established bioinformatics methods based on functional annotation5, cis-acting expression quantitative trait loci6 and pathway analyses7,8,9—as well as novel methods based on genetic overlap with human primary immunodeficiency, haematological cancer somatic mutations and knockout mouse phenotypes—to identify 98 biological candidate genes at these 101 risk loci. We demonstrate that these genes are the targets of approved therapies for RA, and further suggest that drugs approved for other indications may be repurposed for the treatment of RA. Together, this comprehensive genetic study sheds light on fundamental genes, pathways and cell types that contribute to RA pathogenesis, and provides empirical evidence that the genetics of RA can provide important information for drug discovery.
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30 years and 10 months (reg. 1994-08-11).

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Keywords {🔍}

risk, genes, university, article, snps, nature, loci, data, research, google, scholar, department, cas, medical, medicine, arthritis, usa, rheumatoid, rheumatology, overlap, study, drug, metaanalysis, gwas, supplementary, candidate, health, supported, japan, school, genetics, genet, hospital, center, variants, biological, association, genetic, institute, extended, disease, drugs, manchester, linkage, pleiotropy, file, analysis, information, human, genomewide,

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permissions reprints nature portfolio privacy policy scientific research author information authors regional snp associations advertising east asian populations genotyping development genome-wide association studies stage trans-ethnic meta-analysis social media genome-wide association study genome-wide association loci genome-wide significance threshold hôpitaux universitaires paris-sud previous gwas meta-analysis leonid padyukov & lars klareskog jp/~yokada/datasource/software medical research council cross-ancestry genetic architecture increased c-reactive protein nature rev nature genet nature biotechnol c-reactive protein levels genome-wide level academic medical center/university meta-analysis identifies disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs springerlink instant access human phenome-interactome network trans-ethnic fine mapping translational research institute snp–biological gene–drug alexandra zhernakova & rene genome-wide snps demonstrated region-based pleiotropy nih grants r01ar063759-01a1 defined ‘allele-based pleiotropy european research council permissions université paris-sud primary data analyses kidney function-related traits nature 491 nature 423 nature 506 nature quantile–quantile plots

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         headline:Genetics of rheumatoid arthritis contributes to biology and drug discovery
         description:A genome-wide association study meta-analysis of more than 100,000 subjects of European and Asian ancestries reveals 42 new risk loci for rheumatoid arthritis, with follow-up studies identifying 98 biological candidate genes that are either already being targeted by drugs or could be in the future. Virtual screening in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis of more than 100,000 subjects of European and Asian ancestries has revealed 42 previously unknown risk loci for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). As a follow-up, the authors developed a new in silico pipeline to identify 98 biological candidate genes at all known RA risk loci. They show that these genes are the targets of approved therapies for RA, and further suggest that drugs approved for other indications may be repurposed for the treatment of RA. A major challenge in human genetics is to devise a systematic strategy to integrate disease-associated variants with diverse genomic and biological data sets to provide insight into disease pathogenesis and guide drug discovery for complex traits such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA)1. Here we performed a genome-wide association study meta-analysis in a total of >100,000 subjects of European and Asian ancestries (29,880 RA cases and 73,758 controls), by evaluating ∼10 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms. We discovered 42 novel RA risk loci at a genome-wide level of significance, bringing the total to 101 (refs 2, 3, 4). We devised an in silico pipeline using established bioinformatics methods based on functional annotation5, cis-acting expression quantitative trait loci6 and pathway analyses7,8,9—as well as novel methods based on genetic overlap with human primary immunodeficiency, haematological cancer somatic mutations and knockout mouse phenotypes—to identify 98 biological candidate genes at these 101 risk loci. We demonstrate that these genes are the targets of approved therapies for RA, and further suggest that drugs approved for other indications may be repurposed for the treatment of RA. Together, this comprehensive genetic study sheds light on fundamental genes, pathways and cell types that contribute to RA pathogenesis, and provides empirical evidence that the genetics of RA can provide important information for drug discovery.
         datePublished:2013-12-25T00:00:00Z
         dateModified:2013-12-25T00:00:00Z
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         sameAs:https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12873
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                     address:
                        name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
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                     address:
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                        name:Department of Rheumatology and Clinical immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
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               name:Katsunori Ikari
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                     name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.
                     address:
                        name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.,
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                        name:Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,
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                        name:Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.,
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                     address:
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                        name:Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.,
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                        name:Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.,
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                     name:Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada.
                     address:
                        name:Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada.,
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                     name:Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada.
                     address:
                        name:Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2J7, Canada.
                     address:
                        name:Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2J7, Canada.,
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                     type:Organization
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               name:Ed Keystone
               affiliation:
                     name:Mount Sinai Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 2J7, Canada.
                     address:
                        name:Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 2J7, Canada.,
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                     name:University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.
                     address:
                        name:Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.,
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                     name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
                     address:
                        name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, Tartu 51010, Estonia.
                     address:
                        name:Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, Tartu 51010, Estonia.,
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                     name:Children’s Hospital
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                        name:Division of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital, Boston, USA
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                     name:Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, Tartu 51010, Estonia.
                     address:
                        name:Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, Tartu 51010, Estonia.,
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                     type:Organization
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               name:Xuezhong Zhou
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                     name:School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
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                        name:School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.,
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                     name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
                     address:
                        name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
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                     name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
                     address:
                        name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
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               affiliation:
                     name:The Department of Psychiatry at Mount Sinai School of Medicine
                     address:
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                     type:Organization
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               name:Dorothée Diogo
               affiliation:
                     name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
                     address:
                        name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
                     address:
                        name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
                     address:
                        name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
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                     type:Organization
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               name:Jing Cui
               affiliation:
                     name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
                     address:
                        name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
                     address:
                        name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
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                     name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
                     address:
                        name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Katherine Liao
               affiliation:
                     name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
                     address:
                        name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
                     address:
                        name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
                     address:
                        name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Michael H. Guo
               affiliation:
                     name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
                     address:
                        name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
                     address:
                        name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:Children’s Hospital
                     address:
                        name:Division of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital, Boston, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Keiko Myouzen
               affiliation:
                     name:Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
                     address:
                        name:Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Takahisa Kawaguchi
               affiliation:
                     name:Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
                     address:
                        name:Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Marieke J. H. Coenen
               affiliation:
                     name:Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands.
                     address:
                        name:Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Piet L. C. M. van Riel
               affiliation:
                     name:Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands.
                     address:
                        name:Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Mart A. F. J. van de Laar
               affiliation:
                     name:Arthritis Center Twente, University Twente & Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, the Netherlands.
                     address:
                        name:Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Arthritis Center Twente, University Twente & Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, the Netherlands.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Henk-Jan Guchelaar
               affiliation:
                     name:Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.
                     address:
                        name:Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Tom W. J. Huizinga
               affiliation:
                     name:Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.
                     address:
                        name:Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Philippe Dieudé
               affiliation:
                     name:Service de Rhumatologie et INSERM U699 Hôpital Bichat Claude Bernard, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris 75018, France.
                     address:
                        name:Service de Rhumatologie et INSERM U699 Hôpital Bichat Claude Bernard, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris 75018, France.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:Université Paris 7-Diderot, Paris 75013, France.
                     address:
                        name:Université Paris 7-Diderot, Paris 75013, France.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Xavier Mariette
               affiliation:
                     name:Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1012, Université Paris-Sud, Rhumatologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Le Kremlin Bicêtre 94275, France.
                     address:
                        name:Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1012, Université Paris-Sud, Rhumatologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Le Kremlin Bicêtre 94275, France.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:S. Louis Bridges Jr
               affiliation:
                     name:University of Alabama at Birmingham
                     address:
                        name:Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Alexandra Zhernakova
               affiliation:
                     name:University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.
                     address:
                        name:Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.
                     address:
                        name:Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Rene E. M. Toes
               affiliation:
                     name:Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.
                     address:
                        name:Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Paul P. Tak
               affiliation:
                     name:AMC/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, the Netherlands.
                     address:
                        name:AMC/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, the Netherlands.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage SG1 2NY, UK.
                     address:
                        name:GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage SG1 2NY, UK.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK.
                     address:
                        name:University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Corinne Miceli-Richard
               affiliation:
                     name:Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1012, Université Paris-Sud, Rhumatologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Le Kremlin Bicêtre 94275, France.
                     address:
                        name:Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1012, Université Paris-Sud, Rhumatologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Le Kremlin Bicêtre 94275, France.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:So-Young Bang
               affiliation:
                     name:Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 133-792, South Korea.
                     address:
                        name:Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 133-792, South Korea.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Hye-Soon Lee
               affiliation:
                     name:Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 133-792, South Korea.
                     address:
                        name:Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 133-792, South Korea.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Javier Martin
               affiliation:
                     name:Instituto de Parasitologia y Biomedicina Lopez-Neyra, CSIC, Granada 18100, Spain.
                     address:
                        name:Instituto de Parasitologia y Biomedicina Lopez-Neyra, CSIC, Granada 18100, Spain.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Miguel A. Gonzalez-Gay
               affiliation:
                     name:Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, IFIMAV, Santander 39008, Spain.
                     address:
                        name:Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, IFIMAV, Santander 39008, Spain.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Luis Rodriguez-Rodriguez
               affiliation:
                     name:Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid 28040, Spain.
                     address:
                        name:Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid 28040, Spain.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Solbritt Rantapää-Dahlqvist
               affiliation:
                     name:UmeÃ¥ University, UmeÃ¥ SE-901 87, Sweden.
                     address:
                        name:Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, UmeÃ¥ University, UmeÃ¥ SE-901 87, Sweden.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:UmeÃ¥ University, UmeÃ¥ SE-901 87, Sweden.
                     address:
                        name:Department of Rheumatology, UmeÃ¥ University, UmeÃ¥ SE-901 87, Sweden.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Lisbeth Ärlestig
               affiliation:
                     name:UmeÃ¥ University, UmeÃ¥ SE-901 87, Sweden.
                     address:
                        name:Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, UmeÃ¥ University, UmeÃ¥ SE-901 87, Sweden.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:UmeÃ¥ University, UmeÃ¥ SE-901 87, Sweden.
                     address:
                        name:Department of Rheumatology, UmeÃ¥ University, UmeÃ¥ SE-901 87, Sweden.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Hyon K. Choi
               affiliation:
                     name:Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
                     address:
                        name:Department of Medicine, Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:Section of Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine
                     address:
                        name:Section of Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:Clinical Epidemiology Research and Training Unit, Boston University School of Medicine
                     address:
                        name:Clinical Epidemiology Research and Training Unit, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Yoichiro Kamatani
               affiliation:
                     name:Centre d’Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris 75010, France.
                     address:
                        name:Centre d’Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris 75010, France.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Pilar Galan
               affiliation:
                     name:Université Paris 13 Sorbonne Paris Cité, UREN (Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit), Inserm (U557), Inra (U1125), Cnam, Bobigny 93017, France.
                     address:
                        name:Université Paris 13 Sorbonne Paris Cité, UREN (Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit), Inserm (U557), Inra (U1125), Cnam, Bobigny 93017, France.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Mark Lathrop
               affiliation:
                     name:McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montréal, Québec H3A 0G1 Canada.
                     address:
                        name:McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montréal, Québec H3A 0G1 Canada.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Steve Eyre
               affiliation:
                     name:Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
                     address:
                        name:Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:National Institute for Health Research, Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
                     address:
                        name:National Institute for Health Research, Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:John Bowes
               affiliation:
                     name:Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
                     address:
                        name:Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:National Institute for Health Research, Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
                     address:
                        name:National Institute for Health Research, Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Anne Barton
               affiliation:
                     name:Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
                     address:
                        name:Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Niek de Vries
               affiliation:
                     name:Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, the Netherlands.
                     address:
                        name:Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology & Department of Genome Analysis, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, the Netherlands.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Larry W. Moreland
               affiliation:
                     name:University of Pittsburgh
                     address:
                        name:Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Lindsey A. Criswell
               affiliation:
                     name:Rosalind Russell Medical Research Center for Arthritis, University of California San Francisco
                     address:
                        name:Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Rosalind Russell Medical Research Center for Arthritis, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Elizabeth W. Karlson
               affiliation:
                     name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
                     address:
                        name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Atsuo Taniguchi
               affiliation:
                     name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.
                     address:
                        name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Ryo Yamada
               affiliation:
                     name:Unit of Statistical Genetics, Center for Genomic Medicine Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
                     address:
                        name:Unit of Statistical Genetics, Center for Genomic Medicine Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Michiaki Kubo
               affiliation:
                     name:Laboratory for Genotyping Development, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
                     address:
                        name:Laboratory for Genotyping Development, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Jun S. Liu
               affiliation:
                     name:Harvard University
                     address:
                        name:Department of Statistics, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Sang-Cheol Bae
               affiliation:
                     name:Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 133-792, South Korea.
                     address:
                        name:Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 133-792, South Korea.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Jane Worthington
               affiliation:
                     name:Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
                     address:
                        name:Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:National Institute for Health Research, Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
                     address:
                        name:National Institute for Health Research, Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Leonid Padyukov
               affiliation:
                     name:Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 76, Sweden.
                     address:
                        name:Department of Medicine (Solna), Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 76, Sweden.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Lars Klareskog
               affiliation:
                     name:Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 76, Sweden.
                     address:
                        name:Department of Medicine (Solna), Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 76, Sweden.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Peter K. Gregersen
               affiliation:
                     name:The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, North Shore–Long Island Jewish Health System
                     address:
                        name:The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, North Shore–Long Island Jewish Health System, Manhasset, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Soumya Raychaudhuri
               affiliation:
                     name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
                     address:
                        name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
                     address:
                        name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
                     address:
                        name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:NIHR Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical, Research Unit, Central Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
                     address:
                        name:NIHR Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical, Research Unit, Central Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Barbara E. Stranger
               affiliation:
                     name:Section of Genetic Medicine, University of Chicago
                     address:
                        name:Section of Genetic Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:Institute for Genomics and Systems Biology, University of Chicago
                     address:
                        name:Institute for Genomics and Systems Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Philip L. De Jager
               affiliation:
                     name:Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
                     address:
                        name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
                     address:
                        name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Institute for the Neurosciences, Brigham and Women’s Hospital
                     address:
                        name:Department of Neurology, Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Institute for the Neurosciences, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Lude Franke
               affiliation:
                     name:University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.
                     address:
                        name:Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Peter M. Visscher
               affiliation:
                     name:University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute
                     address:
                        name:University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland
                     address:
                        name:Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Matthew A. Brown
               affiliation:
                     name:University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute
                     address:
                        name:University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Hisashi Yamanaka
               affiliation:
                     name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.
                     address:
                        name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Tsuneyo Mimori
               affiliation:
                     name:Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
                     address:
                        name:Department of Rheumatology and Clinical immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Atsushi Takahashi
               affiliation:
                     name:Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
                     address:
                        name:Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Huji Xu
               affiliation:
                     name:Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
                     address:
                        name:Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Timothy W. Behrens
               affiliation:
                     name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech
                     address:
                        name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech, South San Francisco, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Katherine A. Siminovitch
               affiliation:
                     name:Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada.
                     address:
                        name:Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada.
                     address:
                        name:Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2J7, Canada.
                     address:
                        name:Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2J7, Canada.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Shigeki Momohara
               affiliation:
                     name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.
                     address:
                        name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Fumihiko Matsuda
               affiliation:
                     name:Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
                     address:
                        name:Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) program, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.
                     address:
                        name:Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) program, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) Unite U852, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
                     address:
                        name:Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) Unite U852, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Kazuhiko Yamamoto
               affiliation:
                     name:Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
                     address:
                        name:Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
                     address:
                        name:Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.,
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Robert M. Plenge
               affiliation:
                     name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
                     address:
                        name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
                     address:
                        name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
                     address:
                        name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               email:[email protected]
               type:Person
         isAccessibleForFree:
         hasPart:
            isAccessibleForFree:
            cssSelector:.main-content
            type:WebPageElement
         type:ScholarlyArticle
      context:https://schema.org
ScholarlyArticle:
      headline:Genetics of rheumatoid arthritis contributes to biology and drug discovery
      description:A genome-wide association study meta-analysis of more than 100,000 subjects of European and Asian ancestries reveals 42 new risk loci for rheumatoid arthritis, with follow-up studies identifying 98 biological candidate genes that are either already being targeted by drugs or could be in the future. Virtual screening in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis of more than 100,000 subjects of European and Asian ancestries has revealed 42 previously unknown risk loci for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). As a follow-up, the authors developed a new in silico pipeline to identify 98 biological candidate genes at all known RA risk loci. They show that these genes are the targets of approved therapies for RA, and further suggest that drugs approved for other indications may be repurposed for the treatment of RA. A major challenge in human genetics is to devise a systematic strategy to integrate disease-associated variants with diverse genomic and biological data sets to provide insight into disease pathogenesis and guide drug discovery for complex traits such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA)1. Here we performed a genome-wide association study meta-analysis in a total of >100,000 subjects of European and Asian ancestries (29,880 RA cases and 73,758 controls), by evaluating ∼10 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms. We discovered 42 novel RA risk loci at a genome-wide level of significance, bringing the total to 101 (refs 2, 3, 4). We devised an in silico pipeline using established bioinformatics methods based on functional annotation5, cis-acting expression quantitative trait loci6 and pathway analyses7,8,9—as well as novel methods based on genetic overlap with human primary immunodeficiency, haematological cancer somatic mutations and knockout mouse phenotypes—to identify 98 biological candidate genes at these 101 risk loci. We demonstrate that these genes are the targets of approved therapies for RA, and further suggest that drugs approved for other indications may be repurposed for the treatment of RA. Together, this comprehensive genetic study sheds light on fundamental genes, pathways and cell types that contribute to RA pathogenesis, and provides empirical evidence that the genetics of RA can provide important information for drug discovery.
      datePublished:2013-12-25T00:00:00Z
      dateModified:2013-12-25T00:00:00Z
      pageStart:376
      pageEnd:381
      sameAs:https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12873
      keywords:
         Genome-wide association studies
         Virtual screening
         Science
         Humanities and Social Sciences
         multidisciplinary
      image:
         https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1038%2Fnature12873/MediaObjects/41586_2014_Article_BFnature12873_Fig1_HTML.jpg
         https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1038%2Fnature12873/MediaObjects/41586_2014_Article_BFnature12873_Fig2_HTML.jpg
         https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1038%2Fnature12873/MediaObjects/41586_2014_Article_BFnature12873_Fig3_HTML.jpg
      isPartOf:
         name:Nature
         issn:
            1476-4687
            0028-0836
         volumeNumber:506
         type:
            Periodical
            PublicationVolume
      publisher:
         name:Nature Publishing Group UK
         logo:
            url:https://www.springernature.com/app-sn/public/images/logo-springernature.png
            type:ImageObject
         type:Organization
      author:
            name:Yukinori Okada
            affiliation:
                  name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
                  address:
                     name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
                  address:
                     name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
                  address:
                     name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            email:[email protected]
            type:Person
            name:Di Wu
            affiliation:
                  name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
                  address:
                     name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
                  address:
                     name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
                  address:
                     name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Harvard University
                  address:
                     name:Department of Statistics, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Centre for Cancer Research, Monash Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
                  address:
                     name:Centre for Cancer Research, Monash Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Gosia Trynka
            affiliation:
                  name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
                  address:
                     name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
                  address:
                     name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
                  address:
                     name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Towfique Raj
            affiliation:
                  name:Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
                  address:
                     name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
                  address:
                     name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Institute for the Neurosciences, Brigham and Women’s Hospital
                  address:
                     name:Department of Neurology, Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Institute for the Neurosciences, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Chikashi Terao
            affiliation:
                  name:Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
                  address:
                     name:Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
                  address:
                     name:Department of Rheumatology and Clinical immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Katsunori Ikari
            affiliation:
                  name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.
                  address:
                     name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Yuta Kochi
            affiliation:
                  name:Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
                  address:
                     name:Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Koichiro Ohmura
            affiliation:
                  name:Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
                  address:
                     name:Department of Rheumatology and Clinical immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Akari Suzuki
            affiliation:
                  name:Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
                  address:
                     name:Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Shinji Yoshida
            affiliation:
                  name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.
                  address:
                     name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Robert R. Graham
            affiliation:
                  name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech
                  address:
                     name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech, South San Francisco, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Arun Manoharan
            affiliation:
                  name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech
                  address:
                     name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech, South San Francisco, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Ward Ortmann
            affiliation:
                  name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech
                  address:
                     name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech, South San Francisco, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Tushar Bhangale
            affiliation:
                  name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech
                  address:
                     name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech, South San Francisco, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Joshua C. Denny
            affiliation:
                  name:Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
                  address:
                     name:Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
                  address:
                     name:Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Robert J. Carroll
            affiliation:
                  name:Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
                  address:
                     name:Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Anne E. Eyler
            affiliation:
                  name:Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
                  address:
                     name:Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Jeffrey D. Greenberg
            affiliation:
                  name:New York University Hospital for Joint Diseases
                  address:
                     name:New York University Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Joel M. Kremer
            affiliation:
                  name:Albany Medical Center and The Center for Rheumatology
                  address:
                     name:Department of Medicine, Albany Medical Center and The Center for Rheumatology, Albany, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Dimitrios A. Pappas
            affiliation:
                  name:New York, Presbyterian Hospital, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University
                  address:
                     name:Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, New York, Presbyterian Hospital, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Lei Jiang
            affiliation:
                  name:Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
                  address:
                     name:Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Jian Yin
            affiliation:
                  name:Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
                  address:
                     name:Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Lingying Ye
            affiliation:
                  name:Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
                  address:
                     name:Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Ding-Feng Su
            affiliation:
                  name:Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
                  address:
                     name:Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Jian Yang
            affiliation:
                  name:University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute
                  address:
                     name:University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland
                  address:
                     name:Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Gang Xie
            affiliation:
                  name:Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada.
                  address:
                     name:Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada.
                  address:
                     name:Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2J7, Canada.
                  address:
                     name:Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2J7, Canada.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Ed Keystone
            affiliation:
                  name:Mount Sinai Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 2J7, Canada.
                  address:
                     name:Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 2J7, Canada.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Harm-Jan Westra
            affiliation:
                  name:University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.
                  address:
                     name:Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Tõnu Esko
            affiliation:
                  name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
                  address:
                     name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, Tartu 51010, Estonia.
                  address:
                     name:Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, Tartu 51010, Estonia.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Children’s Hospital
                  address:
                     name:Division of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital, Boston, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Andres Metspalu
            affiliation:
                  name:Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, Tartu 51010, Estonia.
                  address:
                     name:Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, Tartu 51010, Estonia.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Xuezhong Zhou
            affiliation:
                  name:School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
                  address:
                     name:School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Namrata Gupta
            affiliation:
                  name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
                  address:
                     name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Daniel Mirel
            affiliation:
                  name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
                  address:
                     name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Eli A. Stahl
            affiliation:
                  name:The Department of Psychiatry at Mount Sinai School of Medicine
                  address:
                     name:The Department of Psychiatry at Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Dorothée Diogo
            affiliation:
                  name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
                  address:
                     name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
                  address:
                     name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
                  address:
                     name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Jing Cui
            affiliation:
                  name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
                  address:
                     name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
                  address:
                     name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
                  address:
                     name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Katherine Liao
            affiliation:
                  name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
                  address:
                     name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
                  address:
                     name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
                  address:
                     name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Michael H. Guo
            affiliation:
                  name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
                  address:
                     name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
                  address:
                     name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Children’s Hospital
                  address:
                     name:Division of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital, Boston, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Keiko Myouzen
            affiliation:
                  name:Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
                  address:
                     name:Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Takahisa Kawaguchi
            affiliation:
                  name:Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
                  address:
                     name:Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Marieke J. H. Coenen
            affiliation:
                  name:Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands.
                  address:
                     name:Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Piet L. C. M. van Riel
            affiliation:
                  name:Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands.
                  address:
                     name:Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Mart A. F. J. van de Laar
            affiliation:
                  name:Arthritis Center Twente, University Twente & Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, the Netherlands.
                  address:
                     name:Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Arthritis Center Twente, University Twente & Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, the Netherlands.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Henk-Jan Guchelaar
            affiliation:
                  name:Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.
                  address:
                     name:Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Tom W. J. Huizinga
            affiliation:
                  name:Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.
                  address:
                     name:Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Philippe Dieudé
            affiliation:
                  name:Service de Rhumatologie et INSERM U699 Hôpital Bichat Claude Bernard, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris 75018, France.
                  address:
                     name:Service de Rhumatologie et INSERM U699 Hôpital Bichat Claude Bernard, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris 75018, France.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Université Paris 7-Diderot, Paris 75013, France.
                  address:
                     name:Université Paris 7-Diderot, Paris 75013, France.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Xavier Mariette
            affiliation:
                  name:Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1012, Université Paris-Sud, Rhumatologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Le Kremlin Bicêtre 94275, France.
                  address:
                     name:Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1012, Université Paris-Sud, Rhumatologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Le Kremlin Bicêtre 94275, France.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:S. Louis Bridges Jr
            affiliation:
                  name:University of Alabama at Birmingham
                  address:
                     name:Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Alexandra Zhernakova
            affiliation:
                  name:University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.
                  address:
                     name:Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.
                  address:
                     name:Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Rene E. M. Toes
            affiliation:
                  name:Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.
                  address:
                     name:Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Paul P. Tak
            affiliation:
                  name:AMC/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, the Netherlands.
                  address:
                     name:AMC/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, the Netherlands.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage SG1 2NY, UK.
                  address:
                     name:GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage SG1 2NY, UK.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK.
                  address:
                     name:University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Corinne Miceli-Richard
            affiliation:
                  name:Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1012, Université Paris-Sud, Rhumatologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Le Kremlin Bicêtre 94275, France.
                  address:
                     name:Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1012, Université Paris-Sud, Rhumatologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Le Kremlin Bicêtre 94275, France.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:So-Young Bang
            affiliation:
                  name:Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 133-792, South Korea.
                  address:
                     name:Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 133-792, South Korea.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Hye-Soon Lee
            affiliation:
                  name:Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 133-792, South Korea.
                  address:
                     name:Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 133-792, South Korea.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Javier Martin
            affiliation:
                  name:Instituto de Parasitologia y Biomedicina Lopez-Neyra, CSIC, Granada 18100, Spain.
                  address:
                     name:Instituto de Parasitologia y Biomedicina Lopez-Neyra, CSIC, Granada 18100, Spain.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Miguel A. Gonzalez-Gay
            affiliation:
                  name:Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, IFIMAV, Santander 39008, Spain.
                  address:
                     name:Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, IFIMAV, Santander 39008, Spain.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Luis Rodriguez-Rodriguez
            affiliation:
                  name:Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid 28040, Spain.
                  address:
                     name:Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid 28040, Spain.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Solbritt Rantapää-Dahlqvist
            affiliation:
                  name:UmeÃ¥ University, UmeÃ¥ SE-901 87, Sweden.
                  address:
                     name:Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, UmeÃ¥ University, UmeÃ¥ SE-901 87, Sweden.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:UmeÃ¥ University, UmeÃ¥ SE-901 87, Sweden.
                  address:
                     name:Department of Rheumatology, UmeÃ¥ University, UmeÃ¥ SE-901 87, Sweden.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Lisbeth Ärlestig
            affiliation:
                  name:UmeÃ¥ University, UmeÃ¥ SE-901 87, Sweden.
                  address:
                     name:Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, UmeÃ¥ University, UmeÃ¥ SE-901 87, Sweden.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:UmeÃ¥ University, UmeÃ¥ SE-901 87, Sweden.
                  address:
                     name:Department of Rheumatology, UmeÃ¥ University, UmeÃ¥ SE-901 87, Sweden.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Hyon K. Choi
            affiliation:
                  name:Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
                  address:
                     name:Department of Medicine, Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Section of Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine
                  address:
                     name:Section of Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Clinical Epidemiology Research and Training Unit, Boston University School of Medicine
                  address:
                     name:Clinical Epidemiology Research and Training Unit, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Yoichiro Kamatani
            affiliation:
                  name:Centre d’Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris 75010, France.
                  address:
                     name:Centre d’Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris 75010, France.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Pilar Galan
            affiliation:
                  name:Université Paris 13 Sorbonne Paris Cité, UREN (Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit), Inserm (U557), Inra (U1125), Cnam, Bobigny 93017, France.
                  address:
                     name:Université Paris 13 Sorbonne Paris Cité, UREN (Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit), Inserm (U557), Inra (U1125), Cnam, Bobigny 93017, France.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Mark Lathrop
            affiliation:
                  name:McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montréal, Québec H3A 0G1 Canada.
                  address:
                     name:McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montréal, Québec H3A 0G1 Canada.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Steve Eyre
            affiliation:
                  name:Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
                  address:
                     name:Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:National Institute for Health Research, Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
                  address:
                     name:National Institute for Health Research, Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:John Bowes
            affiliation:
                  name:Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
                  address:
                     name:Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:National Institute for Health Research, Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
                  address:
                     name:National Institute for Health Research, Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Anne Barton
            affiliation:
                  name:Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
                  address:
                     name:Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Niek de Vries
            affiliation:
                  name:Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, the Netherlands.
                  address:
                     name:Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology & Department of Genome Analysis, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, the Netherlands.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Larry W. Moreland
            affiliation:
                  name:University of Pittsburgh
                  address:
                     name:Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Lindsey A. Criswell
            affiliation:
                  name:Rosalind Russell Medical Research Center for Arthritis, University of California San Francisco
                  address:
                     name:Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Rosalind Russell Medical Research Center for Arthritis, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Elizabeth W. Karlson
            affiliation:
                  name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
                  address:
                     name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Atsuo Taniguchi
            affiliation:
                  name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.
                  address:
                     name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Ryo Yamada
            affiliation:
                  name:Unit of Statistical Genetics, Center for Genomic Medicine Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
                  address:
                     name:Unit of Statistical Genetics, Center for Genomic Medicine Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Michiaki Kubo
            affiliation:
                  name:Laboratory for Genotyping Development, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
                  address:
                     name:Laboratory for Genotyping Development, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Jun S. Liu
            affiliation:
                  name:Harvard University
                  address:
                     name:Department of Statistics, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Sang-Cheol Bae
            affiliation:
                  name:Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 133-792, South Korea.
                  address:
                     name:Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 133-792, South Korea.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Jane Worthington
            affiliation:
                  name:Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
                  address:
                     name:Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:National Institute for Health Research, Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
                  address:
                     name:National Institute for Health Research, Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Leonid Padyukov
            affiliation:
                  name:Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 76, Sweden.
                  address:
                     name:Department of Medicine (Solna), Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 76, Sweden.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Lars Klareskog
            affiliation:
                  name:Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 76, Sweden.
                  address:
                     name:Department of Medicine (Solna), Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 76, Sweden.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Peter K. Gregersen
            affiliation:
                  name:The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, North Shore–Long Island Jewish Health System
                  address:
                     name:The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, North Shore–Long Island Jewish Health System, Manhasset, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Soumya Raychaudhuri
            affiliation:
                  name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
                  address:
                     name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
                  address:
                     name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
                  address:
                     name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:NIHR Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical, Research Unit, Central Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
                  address:
                     name:NIHR Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical, Research Unit, Central Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Barbara E. Stranger
            affiliation:
                  name:Section of Genetic Medicine, University of Chicago
                  address:
                     name:Section of Genetic Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Institute for Genomics and Systems Biology, University of Chicago
                  address:
                     name:Institute for Genomics and Systems Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Philip L. De Jager
            affiliation:
                  name:Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
                  address:
                     name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
                  address:
                     name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Institute for the Neurosciences, Brigham and Women’s Hospital
                  address:
                     name:Department of Neurology, Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Institute for the Neurosciences, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Lude Franke
            affiliation:
                  name:University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.
                  address:
                     name:Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Peter M. Visscher
            affiliation:
                  name:University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute
                  address:
                     name:University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland
                  address:
                     name:Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Matthew A. Brown
            affiliation:
                  name:University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute
                  address:
                     name:University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Hisashi Yamanaka
            affiliation:
                  name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.
                  address:
                     name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Tsuneyo Mimori
            affiliation:
                  name:Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
                  address:
                     name:Department of Rheumatology and Clinical immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Atsushi Takahashi
            affiliation:
                  name:Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
                  address:
                     name:Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Huji Xu
            affiliation:
                  name:Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
                  address:
                     name:Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Timothy W. Behrens
            affiliation:
                  name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech
                  address:
                     name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech, South San Francisco, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Katherine A. Siminovitch
            affiliation:
                  name:Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada.
                  address:
                     name:Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada.
                  address:
                     name:Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2J7, Canada.
                  address:
                     name:Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2J7, Canada.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Shigeki Momohara
            affiliation:
                  name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.
                  address:
                     name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Fumihiko Matsuda
            affiliation:
                  name:Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
                  address:
                     name:Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) program, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.
                  address:
                     name:Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) program, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) Unite U852, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
                  address:
                     name:Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) Unite U852, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Kazuhiko Yamamoto
            affiliation:
                  name:Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
                  address:
                     name:Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
                  address:
                     name:Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.,
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Robert M. Plenge
            affiliation:
                  name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
                  address:
                     name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
                  address:
                     name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
                  address:
                     name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            email:[email protected]
            type:Person
      isAccessibleForFree:
      hasPart:
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         cssSelector:.main-content
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      name:Nature
      issn:
         1476-4687
         0028-0836
      volumeNumber:506
Organization:
      name:Nature Publishing Group UK
      logo:
         url:https://www.springernature.com/app-sn/public/images/logo-springernature.png
         type:ImageObject
      name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
      address:
         name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
      address:
         name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
      address:
         name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
      address:
         name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
      address:
         name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
      address:
         name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Harvard University
      address:
         name:Department of Statistics, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Centre for Cancer Research, Monash Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
      address:
         name:Centre for Cancer Research, Monash Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
      address:
         name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
      address:
         name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
      address:
         name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
      address:
         name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
      address:
         name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Institute for the Neurosciences, Brigham and Women’s Hospital
      address:
         name:Department of Neurology, Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Institute for the Neurosciences, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
      address:
         name:Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
      address:
         name:Department of Rheumatology and Clinical immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.
      address:
         name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
      address:
         name:Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
      address:
         name:Department of Rheumatology and Clinical immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
      address:
         name:Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.
      address:
         name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech
      address:
         name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech, South San Francisco, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech
      address:
         name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech, South San Francisco, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech
      address:
         name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech, South San Francisco, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech
      address:
         name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech, South San Francisco, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
      address:
         name:Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
      address:
         name:Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
      address:
         name:Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
      address:
         name:Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:New York University Hospital for Joint Diseases
      address:
         name:New York University Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Albany Medical Center and The Center for Rheumatology
      address:
         name:Department of Medicine, Albany Medical Center and The Center for Rheumatology, Albany, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:New York, Presbyterian Hospital, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University
      address:
         name:Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, New York, Presbyterian Hospital, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
      address:
         name:Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
      address:
         name:Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
      address:
         name:Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
      address:
         name:Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute
      address:
         name:University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland
      address:
         name:Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada.
      address:
         name:Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada.
      address:
         name:Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2J7, Canada.
      address:
         name:Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2J7, Canada.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Mount Sinai Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 2J7, Canada.
      address:
         name:Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 2J7, Canada.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.
      address:
         name:Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
      address:
         name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, Tartu 51010, Estonia.
      address:
         name:Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, Tartu 51010, Estonia.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Children’s Hospital
      address:
         name:Division of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital, Boston, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, Tartu 51010, Estonia.
      address:
         name:Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, Tartu 51010, Estonia.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
      address:
         name:School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
      address:
         name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
      address:
         name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:The Department of Psychiatry at Mount Sinai School of Medicine
      address:
         name:The Department of Psychiatry at Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
      address:
         name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
      address:
         name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
      address:
         name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
      address:
         name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
      address:
         name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
      address:
         name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
      address:
         name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
      address:
         name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
      address:
         name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
      address:
         name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
      address:
         name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Children’s Hospital
      address:
         name:Division of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital, Boston, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
      address:
         name:Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
      address:
         name:Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands.
      address:
         name:Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands.
      address:
         name:Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Arthritis Center Twente, University Twente & Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, the Netherlands.
      address:
         name:Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Arthritis Center Twente, University Twente & Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, the Netherlands.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.
      address:
         name:Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.
      address:
         name:Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Service de Rhumatologie et INSERM U699 Hôpital Bichat Claude Bernard, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris 75018, France.
      address:
         name:Service de Rhumatologie et INSERM U699 Hôpital Bichat Claude Bernard, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris 75018, France.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Université Paris 7-Diderot, Paris 75013, France.
      address:
         name:Université Paris 7-Diderot, Paris 75013, France.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1012, Université Paris-Sud, Rhumatologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Le Kremlin Bicêtre 94275, France.
      address:
         name:Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1012, Université Paris-Sud, Rhumatologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Le Kremlin Bicêtre 94275, France.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:University of Alabama at Birmingham
      address:
         name:Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.
      address:
         name:Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.
      address:
         name:Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.
      address:
         name:Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:AMC/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, the Netherlands.
      address:
         name:AMC/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, the Netherlands.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage SG1 2NY, UK.
      address:
         name:GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage SG1 2NY, UK.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK.
      address:
         name:University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1012, Université Paris-Sud, Rhumatologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Le Kremlin Bicêtre 94275, France.
      address:
         name:Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1012, Université Paris-Sud, Rhumatologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Le Kremlin Bicêtre 94275, France.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 133-792, South Korea.
      address:
         name:Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 133-792, South Korea.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 133-792, South Korea.
      address:
         name:Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 133-792, South Korea.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Instituto de Parasitologia y Biomedicina Lopez-Neyra, CSIC, Granada 18100, Spain.
      address:
         name:Instituto de Parasitologia y Biomedicina Lopez-Neyra, CSIC, Granada 18100, Spain.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, IFIMAV, Santander 39008, Spain.
      address:
         name:Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, IFIMAV, Santander 39008, Spain.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid 28040, Spain.
      address:
         name:Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid 28040, Spain.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:UmeÃ¥ University, UmeÃ¥ SE-901 87, Sweden.
      address:
         name:Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, UmeÃ¥ University, UmeÃ¥ SE-901 87, Sweden.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:UmeÃ¥ University, UmeÃ¥ SE-901 87, Sweden.
      address:
         name:Department of Rheumatology, UmeÃ¥ University, UmeÃ¥ SE-901 87, Sweden.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:UmeÃ¥ University, UmeÃ¥ SE-901 87, Sweden.
      address:
         name:Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, UmeÃ¥ University, UmeÃ¥ SE-901 87, Sweden.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:UmeÃ¥ University, UmeÃ¥ SE-901 87, Sweden.
      address:
         name:Department of Rheumatology, UmeÃ¥ University, UmeÃ¥ SE-901 87, Sweden.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
      address:
         name:Department of Medicine, Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Section of Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine
      address:
         name:Section of Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Clinical Epidemiology Research and Training Unit, Boston University School of Medicine
      address:
         name:Clinical Epidemiology Research and Training Unit, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Centre d’Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris 75010, France.
      address:
         name:Centre d’Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris 75010, France.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Université Paris 13 Sorbonne Paris Cité, UREN (Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit), Inserm (U557), Inra (U1125), Cnam, Bobigny 93017, France.
      address:
         name:Université Paris 13 Sorbonne Paris Cité, UREN (Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit), Inserm (U557), Inra (U1125), Cnam, Bobigny 93017, France.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montréal, Québec H3A 0G1 Canada.
      address:
         name:McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montréal, Québec H3A 0G1 Canada.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
      address:
         name:Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:National Institute for Health Research, Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
      address:
         name:National Institute for Health Research, Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
      address:
         name:Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:National Institute for Health Research, Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
      address:
         name:National Institute for Health Research, Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
      address:
         name:Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, the Netherlands.
      address:
         name:Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology & Department of Genome Analysis, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, the Netherlands.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:University of Pittsburgh
      address:
         name:Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Rosalind Russell Medical Research Center for Arthritis, University of California San Francisco
      address:
         name:Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Rosalind Russell Medical Research Center for Arthritis, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
      address:
         name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.
      address:
         name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Unit of Statistical Genetics, Center for Genomic Medicine Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
      address:
         name:Unit of Statistical Genetics, Center for Genomic Medicine Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Laboratory for Genotyping Development, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
      address:
         name:Laboratory for Genotyping Development, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Harvard University
      address:
         name:Department of Statistics, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 133-792, South Korea.
      address:
         name:Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 133-792, South Korea.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
      address:
         name:Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:National Institute for Health Research, Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
      address:
         name:National Institute for Health Research, Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 76, Sweden.
      address:
         name:Department of Medicine (Solna), Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 76, Sweden.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 76, Sweden.
      address:
         name:Department of Medicine (Solna), Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 76, Sweden.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, North Shore–Long Island Jewish Health System
      address:
         name:The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, North Shore–Long Island Jewish Health System, Manhasset, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
      address:
         name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
      address:
         name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
      address:
         name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:NIHR Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical, Research Unit, Central Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
      address:
         name:NIHR Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical, Research Unit, Central Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Section of Genetic Medicine, University of Chicago
      address:
         name:Section of Genetic Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Institute for Genomics and Systems Biology, University of Chicago
      address:
         name:Institute for Genomics and Systems Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
      address:
         name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
      address:
         name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Institute for the Neurosciences, Brigham and Women’s Hospital
      address:
         name:Department of Neurology, Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Institute for the Neurosciences, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.
      address:
         name:Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute
      address:
         name:University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland
      address:
         name:Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
         type:PostalAddress
      name:University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute
      address:
         name:University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.
      address:
         name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
      address:
         name:Department of Rheumatology and Clinical immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
      address:
         name:Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
      address:
         name:Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech
      address:
         name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech, South San Francisco, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada.
      address:
         name:Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada.
      address:
         name:Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2J7, Canada.
      address:
         name:Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2J7, Canada.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.
      address:
         name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
      address:
         name:Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) program, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.
      address:
         name:Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) program, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) Unite U852, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
      address:
         name:Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) Unite U852, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
      address:
         name:Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
      address:
         name:Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.,
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
      address:
         name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
      address:
         name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
      address:
         name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
         type:PostalAddress
ImageObject:
      url:https://www.springernature.com/app-sn/public/images/logo-springernature.png
Person:
      name:Yukinori Okada
      affiliation:
            name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
            address:
               name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
            address:
               name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
            address:
               name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      email:[email protected]
      name:Di Wu
      affiliation:
            name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
            address:
               name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
            address:
               name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
            address:
               name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Harvard University
            address:
               name:Department of Statistics, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Centre for Cancer Research, Monash Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
            address:
               name:Centre for Cancer Research, Monash Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Gosia Trynka
      affiliation:
            name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
            address:
               name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
            address:
               name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
            address:
               name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Towfique Raj
      affiliation:
            name:Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
            address:
               name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
            address:
               name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Institute for the Neurosciences, Brigham and Women’s Hospital
            address:
               name:Department of Neurology, Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Institute for the Neurosciences, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Chikashi Terao
      affiliation:
            name:Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
            address:
               name:Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
            address:
               name:Department of Rheumatology and Clinical immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Katsunori Ikari
      affiliation:
            name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.
            address:
               name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Yuta Kochi
      affiliation:
            name:Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
            address:
               name:Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Koichiro Ohmura
      affiliation:
            name:Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
            address:
               name:Department of Rheumatology and Clinical immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Akari Suzuki
      affiliation:
            name:Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
            address:
               name:Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Shinji Yoshida
      affiliation:
            name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.
            address:
               name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Robert R. Graham
      affiliation:
            name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech
            address:
               name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech, South San Francisco, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Arun Manoharan
      affiliation:
            name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech
            address:
               name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech, South San Francisco, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Ward Ortmann
      affiliation:
            name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech
            address:
               name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech, South San Francisco, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Tushar Bhangale
      affiliation:
            name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech
            address:
               name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech, South San Francisco, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Joshua C. Denny
      affiliation:
            name:Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
            address:
               name:Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
            address:
               name:Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Robert J. Carroll
      affiliation:
            name:Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
            address:
               name:Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Anne E. Eyler
      affiliation:
            name:Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
            address:
               name:Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Jeffrey D. Greenberg
      affiliation:
            name:New York University Hospital for Joint Diseases
            address:
               name:New York University Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Joel M. Kremer
      affiliation:
            name:Albany Medical Center and The Center for Rheumatology
            address:
               name:Department of Medicine, Albany Medical Center and The Center for Rheumatology, Albany, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Dimitrios A. Pappas
      affiliation:
            name:New York, Presbyterian Hospital, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University
            address:
               name:Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, New York, Presbyterian Hospital, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Lei Jiang
      affiliation:
            name:Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
            address:
               name:Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Jian Yin
      affiliation:
            name:Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
            address:
               name:Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Lingying Ye
      affiliation:
            name:Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
            address:
               name:Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Ding-Feng Su
      affiliation:
            name:Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
            address:
               name:Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Jian Yang
      affiliation:
            name:University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute
            address:
               name:University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland
            address:
               name:Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Gang Xie
      affiliation:
            name:Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada.
            address:
               name:Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada.
            address:
               name:Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2J7, Canada.
            address:
               name:Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2J7, Canada.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Ed Keystone
      affiliation:
            name:Mount Sinai Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 2J7, Canada.
            address:
               name:Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 2J7, Canada.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Harm-Jan Westra
      affiliation:
            name:University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.
            address:
               name:Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Tõnu Esko
      affiliation:
            name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
            address:
               name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, Tartu 51010, Estonia.
            address:
               name:Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, Tartu 51010, Estonia.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Children’s Hospital
            address:
               name:Division of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital, Boston, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Andres Metspalu
      affiliation:
            name:Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, Tartu 51010, Estonia.
            address:
               name:Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, Tartu 51010, Estonia.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Xuezhong Zhou
      affiliation:
            name:School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
            address:
               name:School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Namrata Gupta
      affiliation:
            name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
            address:
               name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Daniel Mirel
      affiliation:
            name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
            address:
               name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Eli A. Stahl
      affiliation:
            name:The Department of Psychiatry at Mount Sinai School of Medicine
            address:
               name:The Department of Psychiatry at Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Dorothée Diogo
      affiliation:
            name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
            address:
               name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
            address:
               name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
            address:
               name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Jing Cui
      affiliation:
            name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
            address:
               name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
            address:
               name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
            address:
               name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Katherine Liao
      affiliation:
            name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
            address:
               name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
            address:
               name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
            address:
               name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Michael H. Guo
      affiliation:
            name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
            address:
               name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
            address:
               name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Children’s Hospital
            address:
               name:Division of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital, Boston, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Keiko Myouzen
      affiliation:
            name:Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
            address:
               name:Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Takahisa Kawaguchi
      affiliation:
            name:Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
            address:
               name:Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Marieke J. H. Coenen
      affiliation:
            name:Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands.
            address:
               name:Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Piet L. C. M. van Riel
      affiliation:
            name:Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands.
            address:
               name:Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Mart A. F. J. van de Laar
      affiliation:
            name:Arthritis Center Twente, University Twente & Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, the Netherlands.
            address:
               name:Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Arthritis Center Twente, University Twente & Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, the Netherlands.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Henk-Jan Guchelaar
      affiliation:
            name:Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.
            address:
               name:Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Tom W. J. Huizinga
      affiliation:
            name:Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.
            address:
               name:Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Philippe Dieudé
      affiliation:
            name:Service de Rhumatologie et INSERM U699 Hôpital Bichat Claude Bernard, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris 75018, France.
            address:
               name:Service de Rhumatologie et INSERM U699 Hôpital Bichat Claude Bernard, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris 75018, France.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Université Paris 7-Diderot, Paris 75013, France.
            address:
               name:Université Paris 7-Diderot, Paris 75013, France.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Xavier Mariette
      affiliation:
            name:Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1012, Université Paris-Sud, Rhumatologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Le Kremlin Bicêtre 94275, France.
            address:
               name:Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1012, Université Paris-Sud, Rhumatologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Le Kremlin Bicêtre 94275, France.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:S. Louis Bridges Jr
      affiliation:
            name:University of Alabama at Birmingham
            address:
               name:Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Alexandra Zhernakova
      affiliation:
            name:University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.
            address:
               name:Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.
            address:
               name:Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Rene E. M. Toes
      affiliation:
            name:Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.
            address:
               name:Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Paul P. Tak
      affiliation:
            name:AMC/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, the Netherlands.
            address:
               name:AMC/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, the Netherlands.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage SG1 2NY, UK.
            address:
               name:GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage SG1 2NY, UK.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK.
            address:
               name:University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Corinne Miceli-Richard
      affiliation:
            name:Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1012, Université Paris-Sud, Rhumatologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Le Kremlin Bicêtre 94275, France.
            address:
               name:Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1012, Université Paris-Sud, Rhumatologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Le Kremlin Bicêtre 94275, France.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:So-Young Bang
      affiliation:
            name:Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 133-792, South Korea.
            address:
               name:Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 133-792, South Korea.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Hye-Soon Lee
      affiliation:
            name:Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 133-792, South Korea.
            address:
               name:Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 133-792, South Korea.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Javier Martin
      affiliation:
            name:Instituto de Parasitologia y Biomedicina Lopez-Neyra, CSIC, Granada 18100, Spain.
            address:
               name:Instituto de Parasitologia y Biomedicina Lopez-Neyra, CSIC, Granada 18100, Spain.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Miguel A. Gonzalez-Gay
      affiliation:
            name:Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, IFIMAV, Santander 39008, Spain.
            address:
               name:Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, IFIMAV, Santander 39008, Spain.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Luis Rodriguez-Rodriguez
      affiliation:
            name:Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid 28040, Spain.
            address:
               name:Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid 28040, Spain.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Solbritt Rantapää-Dahlqvist
      affiliation:
            name:UmeÃ¥ University, UmeÃ¥ SE-901 87, Sweden.
            address:
               name:Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, UmeÃ¥ University, UmeÃ¥ SE-901 87, Sweden.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:UmeÃ¥ University, UmeÃ¥ SE-901 87, Sweden.
            address:
               name:Department of Rheumatology, UmeÃ¥ University, UmeÃ¥ SE-901 87, Sweden.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Lisbeth Ärlestig
      affiliation:
            name:UmeÃ¥ University, UmeÃ¥ SE-901 87, Sweden.
            address:
               name:Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, UmeÃ¥ University, UmeÃ¥ SE-901 87, Sweden.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:UmeÃ¥ University, UmeÃ¥ SE-901 87, Sweden.
            address:
               name:Department of Rheumatology, UmeÃ¥ University, UmeÃ¥ SE-901 87, Sweden.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Hyon K. Choi
      affiliation:
            name:Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
            address:
               name:Department of Medicine, Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Section of Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine
            address:
               name:Section of Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Clinical Epidemiology Research and Training Unit, Boston University School of Medicine
            address:
               name:Clinical Epidemiology Research and Training Unit, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Yoichiro Kamatani
      affiliation:
            name:Centre d’Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris 75010, France.
            address:
               name:Centre d’Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris 75010, France.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Pilar Galan
      affiliation:
            name:Université Paris 13 Sorbonne Paris Cité, UREN (Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit), Inserm (U557), Inra (U1125), Cnam, Bobigny 93017, France.
            address:
               name:Université Paris 13 Sorbonne Paris Cité, UREN (Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit), Inserm (U557), Inra (U1125), Cnam, Bobigny 93017, France.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Mark Lathrop
      affiliation:
            name:McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montréal, Québec H3A 0G1 Canada.
            address:
               name:McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montréal, Québec H3A 0G1 Canada.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Steve Eyre
      affiliation:
            name:Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
            address:
               name:Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:National Institute for Health Research, Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
            address:
               name:National Institute for Health Research, Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:John Bowes
      affiliation:
            name:Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
            address:
               name:Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:National Institute for Health Research, Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
            address:
               name:National Institute for Health Research, Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Anne Barton
      affiliation:
            name:Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
            address:
               name:Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Niek de Vries
      affiliation:
            name:Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, the Netherlands.
            address:
               name:Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology & Department of Genome Analysis, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, the Netherlands.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Larry W. Moreland
      affiliation:
            name:University of Pittsburgh
            address:
               name:Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Lindsey A. Criswell
      affiliation:
            name:Rosalind Russell Medical Research Center for Arthritis, University of California San Francisco
            address:
               name:Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Rosalind Russell Medical Research Center for Arthritis, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Elizabeth W. Karlson
      affiliation:
            name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
            address:
               name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Atsuo Taniguchi
      affiliation:
            name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.
            address:
               name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Ryo Yamada
      affiliation:
            name:Unit of Statistical Genetics, Center for Genomic Medicine Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
            address:
               name:Unit of Statistical Genetics, Center for Genomic Medicine Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Michiaki Kubo
      affiliation:
            name:Laboratory for Genotyping Development, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
            address:
               name:Laboratory for Genotyping Development, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Jun S. Liu
      affiliation:
            name:Harvard University
            address:
               name:Department of Statistics, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Sang-Cheol Bae
      affiliation:
            name:Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 133-792, South Korea.
            address:
               name:Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 133-792, South Korea.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Jane Worthington
      affiliation:
            name:Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
            address:
               name:Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:National Institute for Health Research, Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
            address:
               name:National Institute for Health Research, Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Leonid Padyukov
      affiliation:
            name:Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 76, Sweden.
            address:
               name:Department of Medicine (Solna), Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 76, Sweden.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Lars Klareskog
      affiliation:
            name:Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 76, Sweden.
            address:
               name:Department of Medicine (Solna), Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 76, Sweden.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Peter K. Gregersen
      affiliation:
            name:The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, North Shore–Long Island Jewish Health System
            address:
               name:The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, North Shore–Long Island Jewish Health System, Manhasset, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Soumya Raychaudhuri
      affiliation:
            name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
            address:
               name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
            address:
               name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
            address:
               name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:NIHR Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical, Research Unit, Central Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
            address:
               name:NIHR Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical, Research Unit, Central Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Barbara E. Stranger
      affiliation:
            name:Section of Genetic Medicine, University of Chicago
            address:
               name:Section of Genetic Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Institute for Genomics and Systems Biology, University of Chicago
            address:
               name:Institute for Genomics and Systems Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Philip L. De Jager
      affiliation:
            name:Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
            address:
               name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
            address:
               name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Institute for the Neurosciences, Brigham and Women’s Hospital
            address:
               name:Department of Neurology, Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Institute for the Neurosciences, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Lude Franke
      affiliation:
            name:University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.
            address:
               name:Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Peter M. Visscher
      affiliation:
            name:University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute
            address:
               name:University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland
            address:
               name:Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Matthew A. Brown
      affiliation:
            name:University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute
            address:
               name:University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Hisashi Yamanaka
      affiliation:
            name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.
            address:
               name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Tsuneyo Mimori
      affiliation:
            name:Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
            address:
               name:Department of Rheumatology and Clinical immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Atsushi Takahashi
      affiliation:
            name:Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
            address:
               name:Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Huji Xu
      affiliation:
            name:Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
            address:
               name:Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Timothy W. Behrens
      affiliation:
            name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech
            address:
               name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech, South San Francisco, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Katherine A. Siminovitch
      affiliation:
            name:Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada.
            address:
               name:Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada.
            address:
               name:Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2J7, Canada.
            address:
               name:Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2J7, Canada.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Shigeki Momohara
      affiliation:
            name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.
            address:
               name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Fumihiko Matsuda
      affiliation:
            name:Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
            address:
               name:Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) program, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.
            address:
               name:Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) program, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) Unite U852, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
            address:
               name:Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) Unite U852, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Kazuhiko Yamamoto
      affiliation:
            name:Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
            address:
               name:Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
            address:
               name:Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.,
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Robert M. Plenge
      affiliation:
            name:Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
            address:
               name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
            address:
               name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute
            address:
               name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      email:[email protected]
PostalAddress:
      name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
      name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
      name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
      name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
      name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
      name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
      name:Department of Statistics, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA
      name:Centre for Cancer Research, Monash Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.,
      name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
      name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
      name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
      name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
      name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
      name:Department of Neurology, Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Institute for the Neurosciences, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, USA
      name:Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
      name:Department of Rheumatology and Clinical immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
      name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.,
      name:Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,
      name:Department of Rheumatology and Clinical immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
      name:Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,
      name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.,
      name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech, South San Francisco, USA
      name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech, South San Francisco, USA
      name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech, South San Francisco, USA
      name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech, South San Francisco, USA
      name:Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
      name:Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
      name:Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
      name:Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
      name:New York University Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York, USA
      name:Department of Medicine, Albany Medical Center and The Center for Rheumatology, Albany, USA
      name:Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, New York, Presbyterian Hospital, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, USA
      name:Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.,
      name:Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.,
      name:Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.,
      name:Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.,
      name:University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
      name:Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
      name:Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada.,
      name:Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada.,
      name:Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2J7, Canada.,
      name:Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 2J7, Canada.,
      name:Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.,
      name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
      name:Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, Tartu 51010, Estonia.,
      name:Division of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital, Boston, USA
      name:Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, Tartu 51010, Estonia.,
      name:School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.,
      name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
      name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
      name:The Department of Psychiatry at Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USA
      name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
      name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
      name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
      name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
      name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
      name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
      name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
      name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
      name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
      name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
      name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
      name:Division of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital, Boston, USA
      name:Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,
      name:Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
      name:Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands.,
      name:Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands.,
      name:Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Arthritis Center Twente, University Twente & Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, the Netherlands.,
      name:Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.,
      name:Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.,
      name:Service de Rhumatologie et INSERM U699 Hôpital Bichat Claude Bernard, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris 75018, France.,
      name:Université Paris 7-Diderot, Paris 75013, France.,
      name:Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1012, Université Paris-Sud, Rhumatologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Le Kremlin Bicêtre 94275, France.,
      name:Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
      name:Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.,
      name:Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.,
      name:Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.,
      name:AMC/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, the Netherlands.,
      name:GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage SG1 2NY, UK.,
      name:University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK.,
      name:Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1012, Université Paris-Sud, Rhumatologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Le Kremlin Bicêtre 94275, France.,
      name:Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 133-792, South Korea.,
      name:Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 133-792, South Korea.,
      name:Instituto de Parasitologia y Biomedicina Lopez-Neyra, CSIC, Granada 18100, Spain.,
      name:Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, IFIMAV, Santander 39008, Spain.,
      name:Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid 28040, Spain.,
      name:Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, UmeÃ¥ University, UmeÃ¥ SE-901 87, Sweden.,
      name:Department of Rheumatology, UmeÃ¥ University, UmeÃ¥ SE-901 87, Sweden.,
      name:Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, UmeÃ¥ University, UmeÃ¥ SE-901 87, Sweden.,
      name:Department of Rheumatology, UmeÃ¥ University, UmeÃ¥ SE-901 87, Sweden.,
      name:Department of Medicine, Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
      name:Section of Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, USA
      name:Clinical Epidemiology Research and Training Unit, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, USA
      name:Centre d’Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris 75010, France.,
      name:Université Paris 13 Sorbonne Paris Cité, UREN (Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit), Inserm (U557), Inra (U1125), Cnam, Bobigny 93017, France.,
      name:McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montréal, Québec H3A 0G1 Canada.,
      name:Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
      name:National Institute for Health Research, Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
      name:Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
      name:National Institute for Health Research, Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
      name:Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
      name:Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology & Department of Genome Analysis, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, the Netherlands.,
      name:Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
      name:Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Rosalind Russell Medical Research Center for Arthritis, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
      name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
      name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.,
      name:Unit of Statistical Genetics, Center for Genomic Medicine Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
      name:Laboratory for Genotyping Development, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,
      name:Department of Statistics, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA
      name:Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 133-792, South Korea.,
      name:Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
      name:National Institute for Health Research, Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
      name:Department of Medicine (Solna), Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 76, Sweden.,
      name:Department of Medicine (Solna), Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 76, Sweden.,
      name:The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, North Shore–Long Island Jewish Health System, Manhasset, USA
      name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
      name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
      name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
      name:NIHR Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical, Research Unit, Central Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.,
      name:Section of Genetic Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
      name:Institute for Genomics and Systems Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
      name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
      name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
      name:Department of Neurology, Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Institute for the Neurosciences, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, USA
      name:Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.,
      name:University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
      name:Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
      name:University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
      name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.,
      name:Department of Rheumatology and Clinical immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
      name:Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,
      name:Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.,
      name:Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech, South San Francisco, USA
      name:Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada.,
      name:Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada.,
      name:Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2J7, Canada.,
      name:Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.,
      name:Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
      name:Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) program, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.,
      name:Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) Unite U852, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,
      name:Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,
      name:Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.,
      name:Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
      name:Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
      name:Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA
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