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bile, microbiota, pubmed, google, scholar, acids, intestinal, acid, fig, small, analysis, data, composition, pnd, mice, bacterial, cas, otus, microbial, central, gut, intestine, postnatal, nature, early, supplementary, abundance, metabolic, samples, udca, βtmca, birth, microbiome, lactobacillus, liver, performed, maturation, tca, adult, human, source, gca, tissue, analyses, time, metabolism, relative, neonatal, age, development,

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         headline:Bile acids drive the newborn’s gut microbiota maturation
         description:Following birth, the neonatal intestine is exposed to maternal and environmental bacteria that successively form a dense and highly dynamic intestinal microbiota. Whereas the effect of exogenous factors has been extensively investigated, endogenous, host-mediated mechanisms have remained largely unexplored. Concomitantly with microbial colonization, the liver undergoes functional transition from a hematopoietic organ to a central organ of metabolic regulation and immune surveillance. The aim of the present study was to analyze the influence of the developing hepatic function and liver metabolism on the early intestinal microbiota. Here, we report on the characterization of the colonization dynamics and liver metabolism in the murine gastrointestinal tract (n = 6–10 per age group) using metabolomic and microbial profiling in combination with multivariate analysis. We observed major age-dependent microbial and metabolic changes and identified bile acids as potent drivers of the early intestinal microbiota maturation. Consistently, oral administration of tauro-cholic acid or β-tauro-murocholic acid to newborn mice (n = 7–14 per group) accelerated postnatal microbiota maturation. Early postnatal colonization has been described to be critical for the long-term microbiota composition and health. Here, via multi-omics approach, the authors investigate the impact of the developing host hepatic metabolism on the murine intestinal microbiota composition with comparative analysis at immediate postnatal period, early infancy and weaning and adulthood.
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      headline:Bile acids drive the newborn’s gut microbiota maturation
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      email:[email protected]
      name:M. W. Hornef
      url:http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6096-9110
      affiliation:
            name:RWTH University Hospital Aachen, RWTH University
            address:
               name:Institute of Medical Microbiology, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, RWTH University, Aachen, Germany
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      email:[email protected]
PostalAddress:
      name:Institute of Medical Microbiology, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, RWTH University, Aachen, Germany
      name:Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
      name:Department of Molecular Systems Biology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
      name:Department of General Surgery, NUTRIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
      name:Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
      name:Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
      name:Department of General Surgery, NUTRIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
      name:Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
      name:Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
      name:Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
      name:Department of Molecular Systems Biology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
      name:Institute of Biochemistry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
      name:Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
      name:School of Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
      name:Institute of Medical Microbiology, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, RWTH University, Aachen, Germany

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