
NATURE . COM {
}
Title:
Agmatine-conjugated cytidine in a tRNA anticodon is essential for AUA decoding in archaea | Nature Chemical Biology
Description:
Ribosomal decoding is dependent on wobble base pairing, which frequently involves modified nucleotides in the tRNA anticodon loop. The discovery of a new guanidine-modified base, 2-agmatinylcytidine, in the tRNAIle of archaea uncovers the mechanism for AUA decoding in these organisms. A modified base at the first (wobble) position of some tRNA anticodons is critical for deciphering the genetic code. In eukaryotes and eubacteria, AUA codons are decoded by tRNAsIle with modified bases pseudouridine (and/or inosine) and lysidine, respectively. The mechanism by which archaeal species translate AUA codons is unclear. We describe a polyamine-conjugated modified base, 2-agmatinylcytidine (agm2C or agmatidine), at the wobble position of archaeal tRNAIle that decodes AUA codons specifically. We demonstrate that archaeal cells use agmatine to synthesize agm2C of tRNAIle. We also identified a new enzyme, tRNAIle-agm2C synthetase (TiaS), that catalyzes agm2C formation in the presence of agmatine and ATP. Although agm2C is chemically similar to lysidine, TiaS constitutes a distinct class of enzyme from tRNAIle-lysidine synthetase (TilS), suggesting that the decoding systems evolved convergently across domains.
Website Age:
30 years and 10 months (reg. 1994-08-11).
Matching Content Categories {๐}
- Education
- Science
- Telecommunications
Content Management System {๐}
What CMS is nature.com built with?
Custom-built
No common CMS systems were detected on Nature.com, and no known web development framework was identified.
Traffic Estimate {๐}
What is the average monthly size of nature.com audience?
๐ Phenomenal Traffic: 5M - 10M visitors per month
Based on our best estimate, this website will receive around 5,000,058 visitors per month in the current month.
check SE Ranking
check Ahrefs
check Similarweb
check Ubersuggest
check Semrush
How Does Nature.com Make Money? {๐ธ}
Display Ads {๐ฏ}
The website utilizes display ads within its content to generate revenue. Check the next section for further revenue estimates.
Ads are managed by yourbow.com. Particular relationships are as follows:
Direct Advertisers (10)
google.com, pmc.com, doceree.com, yourbow.com, audienciad.com, onlinemediasolutions.com, advibe.media, aps.amazon.com, getmediamx.com, onomagic.comReseller Advertisers (38)
conversantmedia.com, rubiconproject.com, pubmatic.com, appnexus.com, openx.com, smartadserver.com, lijit.com, sharethrough.com, video.unrulymedia.com, google.com, yahoo.com, triplelift.com, onetag.com, sonobi.com, contextweb.com, 33across.com, indexexchange.com, media.net, themediagrid.com, adform.com, richaudience.com, sovrn.com, improvedigital.com, freewheel.tv, smaato.com, yieldmo.com, amxrtb.com, adyoulike.com, adpone.com, criteo.com, smilewanted.com, 152media.info, e-planning.net, smartyads.com, loopme.com, opera.com, mediafuse.com, betweendigital.comHow Much Does Nature.com Make? {๐ฐ}
Display Ads {๐ฏ}
$63,100 per month
Our calculations suggest that Nature.com earns between $42,042 and $115,617 monthly online from display advertisements.
Keywords {๐}
article, google, scholar, cas, nature, trna, suzuki, japan, access, content, biology, agmc, science, chemical, aua, decoding, ikeuchi, tsutomu, lysidine, synthetase, biosynthesis, cookies, archaea, modified, wobble, trnas, biol, cell, privacy, function, structural, modification, codon, mol, chem, rna, identification, research, technology, essential, data, information, numata, mechanism, archaeal, trnaile, enzyme, tias, insights, isoleucine,
Topics {โ๏ธ}
nature portfolio scientific research permissions reprints privacy policy advertising ef-tuโisoleucine trna elucidate social media open thermo fischer scientific nature 336 nature 461 nature author information authors single post-transcriptional modification sulfur-oxidizing bacteria living author correspondence polyamine-conjugated modified base personal data springerlink instant access data protection supported chemical synthesis permissions takeo suzuki performed tsutomu suzuki designed privacy competing financial interests rna modification genes takashi yokogawa halobacterium volcanii trnas agmatine-conjugated cytidine rna-modifying enzymes european economic area issue learn institutional subscriptions read lysine-substituted nucleoside translational fidelity ensured de crecy-lagard japanese junior scientists medical genome sciences probing conformational transitions mutagenic watsonโcrick modified bases pseudouridine hyper-modified nucleoside accepting optional cookies chemical structure tsutomu suzuki archaea yoshiho ikeuchi minor isoleucine trna performed biochemical studies isoleucyl-trna synthetase
Schema {๐บ๏ธ}
WebPage:
mainEntity:
headline:Agmatine-conjugated cytidine in a tRNA anticodon is essential for AUA decoding in archaea
description:Ribosomal decoding is dependent on wobble base pairing, which frequently involves modified nucleotides in the tRNA anticodon loop. The discovery of a new guanidine-modified base, 2-agmatinylcytidine, in the tRNAIle of archaea uncovers the mechanism for AUA decoding in these organisms.
A modified base at the first (wobble) position of some tRNA anticodons is critical for deciphering the genetic code. In eukaryotes and eubacteria, AUA codons are decoded by tRNAsIle with modified bases pseudouridine (and/or inosine) and lysidine, respectively. The mechanism by which archaeal species translate AUA codons is unclear. We describe a polyamine-conjugated modified base, 2-agmatinylcytidine (agm2C or agmatidine), at the wobble position of archaeal tRNAIle that decodes AUA codons specifically. We demonstrate that archaeal cells use agmatine to synthesize agm2C of tRNAIle. We also identified a new enzyme, tRNAIle-agm2C synthetase (TiaS), that catalyzes agm2C formation in the presence of agmatine and ATP. Although agm2C is chemically similar to lysidine, TiaS constitutes a distinct class of enzyme from tRNAIle-lysidine synthetase (TilS), suggesting that the decoding systems evolved convergently across domains.
datePublished:2010-02-07T00:00:00Z
dateModified:2010-02-07T00:00:00Z
pageStart:277
pageEnd:282
sameAs:https://doi.org/10.1038/nchembio.323
keywords:
Archaea
Biosynthesis
RNA modification
tRNAs
Chemistry/Food Science
general
Biochemical Engineering
Biochemistry
Cell Biology
Bioorganic Chemistry
image:
https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1038%2Fnchembio.323/MediaObjects/41589_2010_Article_BFnchembio323_Figa_HTML.jpg
https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1038%2Fnchembio.323/MediaObjects/41589_2010_Article_BFnchembio323_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1038%2Fnchembio.323/MediaObjects/41589_2010_Article_BFnchembio323_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1038%2Fnchembio.323/MediaObjects/41589_2010_Article_BFnchembio323_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1038%2Fnchembio.323/MediaObjects/41589_2010_Article_BFnchembio323_Fig4_HTML.jpg
isPartOf:
name:Nature Chemical Biology
issn:
1552-4469
1552-4450
volumeNumber:6
type:
Periodical
PublicationVolume
publisher:
name:Nature Publishing Group US
logo:
url:https://www.springernature.com/app-sn/public/images/logo-springernature.png
type:ImageObject
type:Organization
author:
name:Yoshiho Ikeuchi
affiliation:
name:Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo
address:
name:Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
type:Person
name:Satoshi Kimura
affiliation:
name:Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo
address:
name:Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
type:Person
name:Tomoyuki Numata
affiliation:
name:Institute for Biological Resources and Functions, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
address:
name:Institute for Biological Resources and Functions, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ibaraki, Japan
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
name:Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency
address:
name:Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
type:Person
name:Daigo Nakamura
affiliation:
name:Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University
address:
name:Department of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
type:Person
name:Takashi Yokogawa
affiliation:
name:Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University
address:
name:Department of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
type:Person
name:Toshihiko Ogata
affiliation:
name:Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo
address:
name:Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
type:Person
name:Takeshi Wada
affiliation:
name:Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo
address:
name:Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
type:Person
name:Takeo Suzuki
affiliation:
name:Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo
address:
name:Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
type:Person
name:Tsutomu Suzuki
affiliation:
name:Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo
address:
name:Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
email:[email protected]
type:Person
isAccessibleForFree:
hasPart:
isAccessibleForFree:
cssSelector:.main-content
type:WebPageElement
type:ScholarlyArticle
context:https://schema.org
ScholarlyArticle:
headline:Agmatine-conjugated cytidine in a tRNA anticodon is essential for AUA decoding in archaea
description:Ribosomal decoding is dependent on wobble base pairing, which frequently involves modified nucleotides in the tRNA anticodon loop. The discovery of a new guanidine-modified base, 2-agmatinylcytidine, in the tRNAIle of archaea uncovers the mechanism for AUA decoding in these organisms.
A modified base at the first (wobble) position of some tRNA anticodons is critical for deciphering the genetic code. In eukaryotes and eubacteria, AUA codons are decoded by tRNAsIle with modified bases pseudouridine (and/or inosine) and lysidine, respectively. The mechanism by which archaeal species translate AUA codons is unclear. We describe a polyamine-conjugated modified base, 2-agmatinylcytidine (agm2C or agmatidine), at the wobble position of archaeal tRNAIle that decodes AUA codons specifically. We demonstrate that archaeal cells use agmatine to synthesize agm2C of tRNAIle. We also identified a new enzyme, tRNAIle-agm2C synthetase (TiaS), that catalyzes agm2C formation in the presence of agmatine and ATP. Although agm2C is chemically similar to lysidine, TiaS constitutes a distinct class of enzyme from tRNAIle-lysidine synthetase (TilS), suggesting that the decoding systems evolved convergently across domains.
datePublished:2010-02-07T00:00:00Z
dateModified:2010-02-07T00:00:00Z
pageStart:277
pageEnd:282
sameAs:https://doi.org/10.1038/nchembio.323
keywords:
Archaea
Biosynthesis
RNA modification
tRNAs
Chemistry/Food Science
general
Biochemical Engineering
Biochemistry
Cell Biology
Bioorganic Chemistry
image:
https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1038%2Fnchembio.323/MediaObjects/41589_2010_Article_BFnchembio323_Figa_HTML.jpg
https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1038%2Fnchembio.323/MediaObjects/41589_2010_Article_BFnchembio323_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1038%2Fnchembio.323/MediaObjects/41589_2010_Article_BFnchembio323_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1038%2Fnchembio.323/MediaObjects/41589_2010_Article_BFnchembio323_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1038%2Fnchembio.323/MediaObjects/41589_2010_Article_BFnchembio323_Fig4_HTML.jpg
isPartOf:
name:Nature Chemical Biology
issn:
1552-4469
1552-4450
volumeNumber:6
type:
Periodical
PublicationVolume
publisher:
name:Nature Publishing Group US
logo:
url:https://www.springernature.com/app-sn/public/images/logo-springernature.png
type:ImageObject
type:Organization
author:
name:Yoshiho Ikeuchi
affiliation:
name:Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo
address:
name:Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
type:Person
name:Satoshi Kimura
affiliation:
name:Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo
address:
name:Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
type:Person
name:Tomoyuki Numata
affiliation:
name:Institute for Biological Resources and Functions, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
address:
name:Institute for Biological Resources and Functions, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ibaraki, Japan
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
name:Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency
address:
name:Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
type:Person
name:Daigo Nakamura
affiliation:
name:Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University
address:
name:Department of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
type:Person
name:Takashi Yokogawa
affiliation:
name:Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University
address:
name:Department of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
type:Person
name:Toshihiko Ogata
affiliation:
name:Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo
address:
name:Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
type:Person
name:Takeshi Wada
affiliation:
name:Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo
address:
name:Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
type:Person
name:Takeo Suzuki
affiliation:
name:Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo
address:
name:Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
type:Person
name:Tsutomu Suzuki
affiliation:
name:Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo
address:
name:Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
email:[email protected]
type:Person
isAccessibleForFree:
hasPart:
isAccessibleForFree:
cssSelector:.main-content
type:WebPageElement
["Periodical","PublicationVolume"]:
name:Nature Chemical Biology
issn:
1552-4469
1552-4450
volumeNumber:6
Organization:
name:Nature Publishing Group US
logo:
url:https://www.springernature.com/app-sn/public/images/logo-springernature.png
type:ImageObject
name:Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo
address:
name:Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
type:PostalAddress
name:Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo
address:
name:Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
type:PostalAddress
name:Institute for Biological Resources and Functions, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
address:
name:Institute for Biological Resources and Functions, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ibaraki, Japan
type:PostalAddress
name:Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency
address:
name:Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan
type:PostalAddress
name:Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University
address:
name:Department of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
type:PostalAddress
name:Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University
address:
name:Department of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
type:PostalAddress
name:Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo
address:
name:Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
type:PostalAddress
name:Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo
address:
name:Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
type:PostalAddress
name:Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo
address:
name:Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
type:PostalAddress
name:Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo
address:
name:Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
type:PostalAddress
ImageObject:
url:https://www.springernature.com/app-sn/public/images/logo-springernature.png
Person:
name:Yoshiho Ikeuchi
affiliation:
name:Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo
address:
name:Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
name:Satoshi Kimura
affiliation:
name:Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo
address:
name:Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
name:Tomoyuki Numata
affiliation:
name:Institute for Biological Resources and Functions, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
address:
name:Institute for Biological Resources and Functions, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ibaraki, Japan
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
name:Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency
address:
name:Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
name:Daigo Nakamura
affiliation:
name:Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University
address:
name:Department of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
name:Takashi Yokogawa
affiliation:
name:Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University
address:
name:Department of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
name:Toshihiko Ogata
affiliation:
name:Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo
address:
name:Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
name:Takeshi Wada
affiliation:
name:Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo
address:
name:Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
name:Takeo Suzuki
affiliation:
name:Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo
address:
name:Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
name:Tsutomu Suzuki
affiliation:
name:Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo
address:
name:Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
email:[email protected]
PostalAddress:
name:Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
name:Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
name:Institute for Biological Resources and Functions, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ibaraki, Japan
name:Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan
name:Department of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
name:Department of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
name:Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
name:Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
name:Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
name:Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
WebPageElement:
isAccessibleForFree:
cssSelector:.main-content
Social Networks {๐}(2)
External Links {๐}(92)
- Income figures for https://link.springer.com/article/10.1038/nchembio.323?utm_source=nature&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=buyArticle
- How much does https://doi.org/10.1128%2F9781555818333.ch12 rake in every month?
- What's the financial intake of http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Modified%20nucleosides%20and%20codon%20recognition&doi=10.1128%2F9781555818333.ch12&pages=207-224&publication_year=1995&author=Yokoyama%2CS&author=Nishimura%2CS?
- What's https://doi.org/10.1128%2F9781555818333.ch11's gross income?
- Explore the financials of http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Biosynthesis%20and%20function%20of%20modified%20nucleosides&doi=10.1128%2F9781555818333.ch11&pages=165-205&publication_year=1995&author=Bjork%2CG
- How much does http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Biosynthesis%20and%20function%20of%20tRNA%20wobble%20modifications&pages=24-69&publication_year=2005&author=Suzuki%2CT rake in every month?
- Learn how profitable https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0022-2836%2866%2980022-0 is on a monthly basis
- What's the monthly income of http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Codon%E2%80%93anticodon%20pairing%3A%20the%20wobble%20hypothesis&journal=J.%20Mol.%20Biol.&doi=10.1016%2FS0022-2836%2866%2980022-0&volume=19&pages=548-555&publication_year=1966&author=Crick%2CFH?
- Profit of https://doi.org/10.1021%2Fbi970206l
- See how much http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=The%20modified%20wobble%20base%20inosine%20in%20yeast%20tRNAIle%20is%20a%20positive%20determinant%20for%20aminoacylation%20by%20isoleucyl-tRNA%20synthetase&journal=Biochemistry&doi=10.1021%2Fbi970206l&volume=36&pages=8269-8275&publication_year=1997&author=Senger%2CB&author=Auxilien%2CS&author=Englisch%2CU&author=Cramer%2CF&author=Fasiolo%2CF makes per month
- Income figures for http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=3132458
- What are the total earnings of http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=A%20novel%20lysine-substituted%20nucleoside%20in%20the%20first%20position%20of%20the%20anticodon%20of%20minor%20isoleucine%20tRNA%20from%20Escherichia%20coli&journal=J.%20Biol.%20Chem.&volume=263&pages=9261-9267&publication_year=1988&author=Muramatsu%2CT?
- Check the income stats for https://doi.org/10.1038%2F336179a0
- How much revenue does http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Codon%20and%20amino-acid%20specificities%20of%20a%20transfer%20RNA%20are%20both%20converted%20by%20a%20single%20post-transcriptional%20modification&journal=Nature&doi=10.1038%2F336179a0&volume=336&pages=179-181&publication_year=1988&author=Muramatsu%2CT generate?
- How much revenue does https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS1097-2765%2803%2900346-0 generate?
- How much does http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=An%20RNA-modifying%20enzyme%20that%20governs%20both%20the%20codon%20and%20amino%20acid%20specificities%20of%20isoleucine%20tRNA&journal=Mol.%20Cell&doi=10.1016%2FS1097-2765%2803%2900346-0&volume=12&pages=689-698&publication_year=2003&author=Soma%2CA make?
- What are the earnings of https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.molcel.2005.06.007?
- What's the income of http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=molecular%20mechanism%20of%20lysidine%20synthesis%20that%20determines%20tRNA%20identity%20and%20codon%20recognition&journal=Mol.%20Cell&doi=10.1016%2Fj.molcel.2005.06.007&volume=19&pages=235-246&publication_year=2005&author=Ikeuchi%2CY?
- How much profit is https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fnature08474 making per month?
- How much profit is http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Structural%20basis%20for%20translational%20fidelity%20ensured%20by%20transfer%20RNA%20lysidine%20synthetase&journal=Nature&doi=10.1038%2Fnature08474&volume=461&pages=1144-1148&publication_year=2009&author=Nakanishi%2CK making per month?
- Learn how profitable https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.febslet.2009.11.085 is on a monthly basis
- What is the earnings of http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Discovery%20and%20characterization%20of%20tRNAIle%20lysidine%20synthetase%20%28TilS%29&journal=FEBS%20Lett.&doi=10.1016%2Fj.febslet.2009.11.085&volume=584&pages=272-277&publication_year=2010&author=Suzuki%2CT&author=Miyauchi%2CK?
- Revenue of https://doi.org/10.1074%2Fjbc.M809013200
- What's the financial intake of http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=The%20catalytic%20flexibility%20of%20tRNAIle-lysidine%20synthetase%20can%20generate%20alternative%20tRNA%20substrates%20for%20isoleucyl-tRNA%20synthetase&journal=J.%20Biol.%20Chem.&doi=10.1074%2Fjbc.M809013200&volume=284&pages=9656-9662&publication_year=2009&author=Salowe%2CSP&author=Wiltsie%2CJ&author=Hawkins%2CJC&author=Sonatore%2CLM?
- How profitable is https://doi.org/10.1128%2Fjb.173.10.3138-3148.1991?
- Learn about the earnings of http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Posttranscriptional%20modification%20of%20tRNA%20in%20thermophilic%20archaea%20%28Archaebacteria%29&journal=J.%20Bacteriol.&doi=10.1128%2Fjb.173.10.3138-3148.1991&volume=173&pages=3138-3148&publication_year=1991&author=Edmonds%2CCG
- Learn how profitable http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=6746655 is on a monthly basis
- Learn how profitable http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Halobacterium%20volcanii%20tRNAs.%20Identification%20of%2041%20tRNAs%20covering%20all%20amino%20acids%2C%20and%20the%20sequences%20of%2033%20class%20I%20tRNAs&journal=J.%20Biol.%20Chem.&volume=259&pages=9461-9471&publication_year=1984&author=Gupta%2CR is on a monthly basis
- What are the earnings of https://doi.org/10.1261%2Frna.795508?
- What are the total earnings of http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Identification%20and%20characterization%20of%20a%20tRNA%20decoding%20the%20rare%20AUA%20codon%20in%20Haloarcula%20marismortui&journal=RNA&doi=10.1261%2Frna.795508&volume=14&pages=117-126&publication_year=2008&author=Kohrer%2CC?
- How much profit does https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fnar%2Fgkm882 make?
- What's the monthly income of http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=KEGG%20for%20linking%20genomes%20to%20life%20and%20the%20environment&journal=Nucleic%20Acids%20Res.&doi=10.1093%2Fnar%2Fgkm882&volume=36&pages=D480-D484&publication_year=2008&author=Kanehisa%2CM?
- How much does https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.278.5338.631 earn?
- How profitable is http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=A%20genomic%20perspective%20on%20protein%20families&journal=Science&doi=10.1126%2Fscience.278.5338.631&volume=278&pages=631-637&publication_year=1997&author=Tatusov%2CRL&author=Koonin%2CEV&author=Lipman%2CDJ?
- Financial intake of https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.febslet.2005.04.051
- How much does http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=The%20complete%20set%20of%20tRNA%20species%20in%20Nanoarchaeum%20equitans&journal=FEBS%20Lett.&doi=10.1016%2Fj.febslet.2005.04.051&volume=579&pages=2945-2947&publication_year=2005&author=Randau%2CL&author=Pearson%2CM&author=S%C3%B6ll%2CD gross monthly?
- How much does https://doi.org/10.1073%2Fpnas.0801980105 make?
- Explore the financials of http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=A%20korarchaeal%20genome%20reveals%20insights%20into%20the%20evolution%20of%20the%20Archaea&journal=Proc.%20Natl.%20Acad.%20Sci.%20USA&doi=10.1073%2Fpnas.0801980105&volume=105&pages=8102-8107&publication_year=2008&author=Elkins%2CJG
- How much does https://link.springer.com/doi/10.1186/1471-2164-9-470 bring in each month?
- See how much http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=RNomics%20and%20Modomics%20in%20the%20halophilic%20archaea%20Haloferax%20volcanii%3A%20identification%20of%20RNA%20modification%20genes&journal=BMC%20Genomics&doi=10.1186%2F1471-2164-9-470&volume=9&publication_year=2008&author=Grosjean%2CH&author=Gaspin%2CC&author=Marck%2CC&author=Decatur%2CWA&author=de%20Crecy-Lagard%2CV makes per month
- How profitable is https://link.springer.com/doi/10.1007/s00726-007-0501-8?
- What are the total earnings of http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Polyamines%20and%20abiotic%20stress%3A%20recent%20advances&journal=Amino%20Acids&doi=10.1007%2Fs00726-007-0501-8&volume=34&pages=35-45&publication_year=2008&author=Groppa%2CMD&author=Benavides%2CMP?
- Earnings of https://doi.org/10.1042%2FBJ20041778
- How much does http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Stabilization%20of%20nucleic%20acids%20by%20unusual%20polyamines%20produced%20by%20an%20extreme%20thermophile%2C%20Thermus%20thermophilus&journal=Biochem.%20J.&doi=10.1042%2FBJ20041778&volume=388&pages=427-433&publication_year=2005&author=Terui%2CY&author=Ohnuma%2CM&author=Hiraga%2CK&author=Kawashima%2CE&author=Oshima%2CT gross monthly?
- Explore the financials of http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=3157043
- How much income does http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC373019 have?
- http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Polyamines%20in%20microorganisms&journal=Microbiol.%20Rev.&volume=49&pages=81-99&publication_year=1985&author=Tabor%2CCW&author=Tabor%2CH income
- How much money does https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1574-6968.2008.01303.x generate?
- What are the earnings of http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Agmatine%20is%20essential%20for%20the%20cell%20growth%20of%20Thermococcus%20kodakaraensis&journal=FEMS%20Microbiol.%20Lett.&doi=10.1111%2Fj.1574-6968.2008.01303.x&volume=287&pages=113-120&publication_year=2008&author=Fukuda%2CW&author=Morimoto%2CN&author=Imanaka%2CT&author=Fujiwara%2CS?
- How much money does https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.molcel.2005.11.001 generate?
- How much income does http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Mechanistic%20insights%20into%20sulfur%20relay%20by%20multiple%20sulfur%20mediators%20involved%20in%20thiouridine%20biosynthesis%20at%20tRNA%20wobble%20positions&journal=Mol.%20Cell&doi=10.1016%2Fj.molcel.2005.11.001&volume=21&pages=97-108&publication_year=2006&author=Ikeuchi%2CY&author=Shigi%2CN&author=Kato%2CJ&author=Nishimura%2CA&author=Suzuki%2CT have?
- Find out how much https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fsj.emboj.7601105 earns monthly
- How profitable is http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Biosynthesis%20of%20wybutosine%2C%20a%20hyper-modified%20nucleoside%20in%20eukaryotic%20phenylalanine%20tRNA&journal=EMBO%20J.&doi=10.1038%2Fsj.emboj.7601105&volume=25&pages=2142-2154&publication_year=2006&author=Noma%2CA&author=Kirino%2CY&author=Ikeuchi%2CY&author=Suzuki%2CT?
- How much does https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0076-6879%2807%2925009-8 rake in every month?
- http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Mass%20spectrometric%20identification%20and%20characterization%20of%20RNA-modifying%20enzymes&journal=Methods%20Enzymol.&doi=10.1016%2FS0076-6879%2807%2925009-8&volume=425&pages=211-229&publication_year=2007&author=Suzuki%2CT&author=Ikeuchi%2CY&author=Noma%2CA&author=Suzuki%2CT&author=Sakaguchi%2CY income
- https://link.springer.com/doi/10.1007/BF00408082's financial summary
- How much money does http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Sulfolobus%3A%20a%20new%20genus%20of%20sulfur-oxidizing%20bacteria%20living%20at%20low%20pH%20and%20high%20temperature&journal=Arch.%20Mikrobiol.&doi=10.1007%2FBF00408082&volume=84&pages=54-68&publication_year=1972&author=Brock%2CTD&author=Brock%2CKM&author=Belly%2CRT&author=Weiss%2CRL make?
- What's the financial intake of https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2958.2005.04927.x?
- How much money does http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Characterization%20of%20a%20Methanosarcina%20acetivorans%20mutant%20unable%20to%20translate%20UAG%20as%20pyrrolysine&journal=Mol.%20Microbiol.&doi=10.1111%2Fj.1365-2958.2005.04927.x&volume=59&pages=56-66&publication_year=2006&author=Mahapatra%2CA generate?
- See how much https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0092-8674%2802%2901086-3 makes per month
- http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Selection%20of%20tRNA%20by%20the%20ribosome%20requires%20a%20transition%20from%20an%20open%20to%20a%20closed%20form&journal=Cell&doi=10.1016%2FS0092-8674%2802%2901086-3&volume=111&pages=721-732&publication_year=2002&author=Ogle%2CJM&author=Murphy%2CFV&author=Tarry%2CMJ&author=Ramakrishnan%2CV's revenue stream
- How profitable is https://citation-needed.springer.com/v2/references/10.1038/nchembio.323?format=refman&flavour=references?
- Check the income stats for https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=search&term=Yoshiho%20Ikeuchi
- How much does https://scholar.google.co.uk/scholar?as_q=&num=10&btnG=Search+Scholar&as_epq=&as_oq=&as_eq=&as_occt=any&as_sauthors=%22Yoshiho%20Ikeuchi%22&as_publication=&as_ylo=&as_yhi=&as_allsubj=all&hl=en net monthly?
- What's the financial gain of https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=search&term=Satoshi%20Kimura?
- What's the profit of https://scholar.google.co.uk/scholar?as_q=&num=10&btnG=Search+Scholar&as_epq=&as_oq=&as_eq=&as_occt=any&as_sauthors=%22Satoshi%20Kimura%22&as_publication=&as_ylo=&as_yhi=&as_allsubj=all&hl=en?
- How much money does https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=search&term=Tomoyuki%20Numata make?
- How much does https://scholar.google.co.uk/scholar?as_q=&num=10&btnG=Search+Scholar&as_epq=&as_oq=&as_eq=&as_occt=any&as_sauthors=%22Tomoyuki%20Numata%22&as_publication=&as_ylo=&as_yhi=&as_allsubj=all&hl=en rake in every month?
- What is the earnings of https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=search&term=Daigo%20Nakamura?
- Revenue of https://scholar.google.co.uk/scholar?as_q=&num=10&btnG=Search+Scholar&as_epq=&as_oq=&as_eq=&as_occt=any&as_sauthors=%22Daigo%20Nakamura%22&as_publication=&as_ylo=&as_yhi=&as_allsubj=all&hl=en
- Learn about the earnings of https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=search&term=Takashi%20Yokogawa
- How much does https://scholar.google.co.uk/scholar?as_q=&num=10&btnG=Search+Scholar&as_epq=&as_oq=&as_eq=&as_occt=any&as_sauthors=%22Takashi%20Yokogawa%22&as_publication=&as_ylo=&as_yhi=&as_allsubj=all&hl=en net monthly?
- How much does https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=search&term=Toshihiko%20Ogata make?
- How much income does https://scholar.google.co.uk/scholar?as_q=&num=10&btnG=Search+Scholar&as_epq=&as_oq=&as_eq=&as_occt=any&as_sauthors=%22Toshihiko%20Ogata%22&as_publication=&as_ylo=&as_yhi=&as_allsubj=all&hl=en have?
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=search&term=Takeshi%20Wada's total income per month
- How much income does https://scholar.google.co.uk/scholar?as_q=&num=10&btnG=Search+Scholar&as_epq=&as_oq=&as_eq=&as_occt=any&as_sauthors=%22Takeshi%20Wada%22&as_publication=&as_ylo=&as_yhi=&as_allsubj=all&hl=en have?
- What are the total earnings of https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=search&term=Takeo%20Suzuki?
- https://scholar.google.co.uk/scholar?as_q=&num=10&btnG=Search+Scholar&as_epq=&as_oq=&as_eq=&as_occt=any&as_sauthors=%22Takeo%20Suzuki%22&as_publication=&as_ylo=&as_yhi=&as_allsubj=all&hl=en income
- How much money does https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=search&term=Tsutomu%20Suzuki generate?
- What's the total monthly financial gain of https://scholar.google.co.uk/scholar?as_q=&num=10&btnG=Search+Scholar&as_epq=&as_oq=&as_eq=&as_occt=any&as_sauthors=%22Tsutomu%20Suzuki%22&as_publication=&as_ylo=&as_yhi=&as_allsubj=all&hl=en?
- How much money does https://static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.1038%2Fnchembio.323/MediaObjects/41589_2010_BFnchembio323_MOESM152_ESM.pdf generate?
- Get to know what's the income of https://s100.copyright.com/AppDispatchServlet?title=Agmatine-conjugated%20cytidine%20in%20a%20tRNA%20anticodon%20is%20essential%20for%20AUA%20decoding%20in%20archaea&author=Yoshiho%20Ikeuchi%20et%20al&contentID=10.1038%2Fnchembio.323©right=Springer%20Nature%20America%2C%20Inc.&publication=1552-4450&publicationDate=2010-02-07&publisherName=SpringerNature&orderBeanReset=true
- What's the financial gain of https://citation-needed.springer.com/v2/references/10.1038/nchembio.323?format=refman&flavour=citation?
- What are the earnings of https://doi.org/10.1038/s41594-024-01238-1?
- Financial intake of https://doi.org/10.1038/s41594-024-01236-3
- How profitable is https://doi.org/10.1038/s41580-021-00342-0?
- How much does https://doi.org/10.1007/s10858-020-00337-7 rake in every month?
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41589-019-0390-7's revenue stream
- Get to know https://www.protocols.io/'s earnings
- What's the profit of https://www.natureindex.com/?
- How much does http://www.naturechina.com bring in each month?
- https://www.natureasia.com/ja-jp's total income per month
Analytics and Tracking {๐}
- Google Tag Manager
Libraries {๐}
- Prism.js
- Zoom.js
Emails and Hosting {โ๏ธ}
Mail Servers:
- mxa-002c5801.gslb.pphosted.com
- mxb-002c5801.gslb.pphosted.com
Name Servers:
- pdns1.ultradns.net
- pdns2.ultradns.net
- pdns3.ultradns.org
- pdns4.ultradns.org
- pdns5.ultradns.info
- pdns6.ultradns.co.uk
CDN Services {๐ฆ}
- Crossref