We are analyzing https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40364-020-00228-x.

Title:
Roles of IFN-γ in tumor progression and regression: a review | Biomarker Research
Description:
Background Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) plays a key role in activation of cellular immunity and subsequently, stimulation of antitumor immune-response. Based on its cytostatic, pro-apoptotic and antiproliferative functions, IFN-γ is considered potentially useful for adjuvant immunotherapy for different types of cancer. Moreover, it IFN-γ may inhibit angiogenesis in tumor tissue, induce regulatory T-cell apoptosis, and/or stimulate the activity of M1 proinflammatory macrophages to overcome tumor progression. However, the current understanding of the roles of IFN-γ in the tumor microenvironment (TME) may be misleading in terms of its clinical application. Main body Some researchers believe it has anti-tumorigenic properties, while others suggest that it contributes to tumor growth and progression. In our recent work, we have shown that concentration of IFN-γ in the TME determines its function. Further, it was reported that tumors treated with low-dose IFN-γ acquired metastatic properties while those infused with high dose led to tumor regression. Pro-tumorigenic role may be described through IFN-γ signaling insensitivity, downregulation of major histocompatibility complexes, upregulation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, and checkpoint inhibitors such as programmed cell death ligand 1. Conclusion Significant research efforts are required to decipher IFN-γ-dependent pro- and anti-tumorigenic effects. This review discusses the current knowledge concerning the roles of IFN-γ in the TME as a part of the complex immune response to cancer and highlights the importance of identifying IFN-γ responsive patients to improve their sensitivity to immuno-therapies.
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Keywords {🔍}

ifnγ, cells, cancer, tumor, google, scholar, article, pubmed, cas, immune, expression, signaling, cell, tcells, transcription, activation, response, immunotherapy, interferon, production, zhang, tme, stat, pdl, central, macrophages, factor, immunol, receptor, pathway, immunity, wang, interferonγ, role, protein, ido, tbet, antitumor, patients, checkpoint, induce, tumors, effects, cytokine, induction, induces, genes, ifn, microenvironment, nat,

Topics {✒️}

cd8+ t-cell-secreted ifn-γ camp responsive-element-binding protein ifn-γ-dependent tumor-suppressive mechanisms ido1-kyn-ahr-p27 pathway decipher ifn-γ-dependent anti investigate ifn-γ-mediated effects decipher ifn-γ-dependent pro ifn-γ-responsive pericytes accelerate srebp1-dependent metabolic fitness low-dose ifn-γ produced icam1-pi3k-akt-notch1 signaling κb-t-bet-dependent manner [92] type-ii-interferon-mediated signaling ifn-γ/irf3/isg54 dependent [83] ifn-γ-dependent biological effects ifn-γ induces pd-l1 idils-interferon-driven inhibitory ligands ifn-γ-pathway inhibitory molecules tnf-related apoptosis-inducing ligand main ifn-γ-producing cells ifn-γ-exposed endothelial cells antigen-specific cd8+ t-cells activate ifn-γ-producing cells ifn-γ induces fragility ifn-γ-mediated antitumor immunity ifn-γ−/− cd8 t-cells tumour-derived exosomes enhances mtor/p70s6 kinase cascade low ifn-γ levels low-dose ifn-γ measles virus-induced encephalitis promotes anti-tumour immunity ifnγ receptor-mediated dissociation hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha ifn-γ-mediated outcomes galectin-3 captures interferon-gamma small-cell lung carcinoma canonical ifn-γ stimulated myeloid-derived suppressor cells tumor-intrinsic signaling pathways cxcl8-cxcr2 axis [109] ifn-γ-related genes ifn-γ-stimulated dcs contribute ifn-γ induced genes ifn-γ-mediated responses ifn-γ-stimulated pathways ahr-aryl hydrocarbon receptor ifn-g-induced expression naïve t-cells differentiate interferon-γ links uv

Questions {❓}

Interferon-γ: teammate or opponent in the tumour microenvironment?
‘Does IFN-γ contribute to immune-mediated tumor regression or does it stimulate cancer growth?

Schema {🗺️}

WebPage:
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         headline:Roles of IFN-γ in tumor progression and regression: a review
         description:Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) plays a key role in activation of cellular immunity and subsequently, stimulation of antitumor immune-response. Based on its cytostatic, pro-apoptotic and antiproliferative functions, IFN-γ is considered potentially useful for adjuvant immunotherapy for different types of cancer. Moreover, it IFN-γ may inhibit angiogenesis in tumor tissue, induce regulatory T-cell apoptosis, and/or stimulate the activity of M1 proinflammatory macrophages to overcome tumor progression. However, the current understanding of the roles of IFN-γ in the tumor microenvironment (TME) may be misleading in terms of its clinical application. Some researchers believe it has anti-tumorigenic properties, while others suggest that it contributes to tumor growth and progression. In our recent work, we have shown that concentration of IFN-γ in the TME determines its function. Further, it was reported that tumors treated with low-dose IFN-γ acquired metastatic properties while those infused with high dose led to tumor regression. Pro-tumorigenic role may be described through IFN-γ signaling insensitivity, downregulation of major histocompatibility complexes, upregulation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, and checkpoint inhibitors such as programmed cell death ligand 1. Significant research efforts are required to decipher IFN-γ-dependent pro- and anti-tumorigenic effects. This review discusses the current knowledge concerning the roles of IFN-γ in the TME as a part of the complex immune response to cancer and highlights the importance of identifying IFN-γ responsive patients to improve their sensitivity to immuno-therapies.
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      headline:Roles of IFN-γ in tumor progression and regression: a review
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      name:Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
      name:State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
      name:Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
      name:Henan Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy, Zhengzhou, China

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