We are analyzing https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12979-021-00232-1.

Title:
Functional conservation in genes and pathways linking ageing and immunity | Immunity & Ageing
Description:
At first glance, longevity and immunity appear to be different traits that have not much in common except the fact that the immune system promotes survival upon pathogenic infection. Substantial evidence however points to a molecularly intertwined relationship between the immune system and ageing. Although this link is well-known throughout the animal kingdom, its genetic basis is complex and still poorly understood. To address this question, we here provide a compilation of all genes concomitantly known to be involved in immunity and ageing in humans and three well-studied model organisms, the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans, the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, and the house mouse Mus musculus. By analysing human orthologs among these species, we identified 7 evolutionarily conserved signalling cascades, the insulin/TOR network, three MAPK (ERK, p38, JNK), JAK/STAT, TGF-β, and Nf-κB pathways that act pleiotropically on ageing and immunity. We review current evidence for these pathways linking immunity and lifespan, and their role in the detrimental dysregulation of the immune system with age, known as immunosenescence. We argue that the phenotypic effects of these pathways are often context-dependent and vary, for example, between tissues, sexes, and types of pathogenic infection. Future research therefore needs to explore a higher temporal, spatial and environmental resolution to fully comprehend the connection between ageing and immunity.
Website Age:
28 years and 1 months (reg. 1997-05-29).

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Keywords {🔍}

immunity, lifespan, immune, pathway, pubmed, ageing, elegans, genes, article, drosophila, signalling, cell, google, scholar, pathways, aging, mapk, innate, melanogaster, infection, cas, central, response, longevity, effects, iistor, mammals, mice, activation, gene, signaling, resistance, factors, biol, nfκb, growth, cells, expression, transcription, foxo, system, caenorhabditis, immunoageing, plos, survival, jnk, role, fig, factor, function,

Topics {✒️}

nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer n-ras-pi3k-akt-mtor pathway ras-erk-ets-signaling pathway mitogen-activated protein kinases antiviral gene dcr-1/dcr-2/dicer1 interleukin-12-induced interferon-gamma production phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-akt-tor pathway genome-wide transcript profiles nf-κb signalling mediates genome-wide gene-expression analysis inflammation-induced heart damage imd/nf-κb immunity pathway jak/stat signalling regulates extracellular-signal-regulated kinase p38 mapk-p53 pathway including sod-3/sod2/sod2 vivo immune-metabolic switch nf-κb transcription factors jak/stat inhibitor socs2 genes akt-1/akt1/akt2 forkhead transcription factor/daf-16 drosophila immune-deficiency pathway drosophila tgf-beta/activin jak-stat signaling protect nf-κb signaling pathways article download pdf infection/wounding-regulated genes dpp erk-mapk activity resulted erk-mapk pathway appears erk/p38/jnk mapk jak/stat signaling pathway jak/stat signalling cascade nf-κb signalling components jnk-mapk signalling pathway nf-kb prolongs lifespan insulin/dfoxo regulates aging genome-wide association studies tgf-β homolog dbl-1 iis-tor-immunity interplay found conserved immuno-ageing pathway tgf-β signalling activation macrophage-derived upd3 cytokine improved long-term reproducibility anopheles stephensi mosquitos long-lived dwarf mice called ‘immuno-ageing’ factors nutrition affect age-related handan melike dönertaş & janet iis/tor network signalling iis/tor signalling network

Questions {❓}

Immunity and aging: the enemy within?
Insulin-like growth factor-I regulation of immune function: a potential therapeutic target in autoimmune diseases?
Separating cause from effect: how does insulin/IGF signalling control lifespan in worms, flies and mice?
The human immunosenescence phenotype: does it exist?
The question mark (?
Trade-offs in evolutionary immunology: just what is the cost of immunity?
Elegans and insects found in organisms with an adaptive immune system?

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         description:At first glance, longevity and immunity appear to be different traits that have not much in common except the fact that the immune system promotes survival upon pathogenic infection. Substantial evidence however points to a molecularly intertwined relationship between the immune system and ageing. Although this link is well-known throughout the animal kingdom, its genetic basis is complex and still poorly understood. To address this question, we here provide a compilation of all genes concomitantly known to be involved in immunity and ageing in humans and three well-studied model organisms, the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans, the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, and the house mouse Mus musculus. By analysing human orthologs among these species, we identified 7 evolutionarily conserved signalling cascades, the insulin/TOR network, three MAPK (ERK, p38, JNK), JAK/STAT, TGF-β, and Nf-κB pathways that act pleiotropically on ageing and immunity. We review current evidence for these pathways linking immunity and lifespan, and their role in the detrimental dysregulation of the immune system with age, known as immunosenescence. We argue that the phenotypic effects of these pathways are often context-dependent and vary, for example, between tissues, sexes, and types of pathogenic infection. Future research therefore needs to explore a higher temporal, spatial and environmental resolution to fully comprehend the connection between ageing and immunity.
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      headline:Functional conservation in genes and pathways linking ageing and immunity
      description:At first glance, longevity and immunity appear to be different traits that have not much in common except the fact that the immune system promotes survival upon pathogenic infection. Substantial evidence however points to a molecularly intertwined relationship between the immune system and ageing. Although this link is well-known throughout the animal kingdom, its genetic basis is complex and still poorly understood. To address this question, we here provide a compilation of all genes concomitantly known to be involved in immunity and ageing in humans and three well-studied model organisms, the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans, the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, and the house mouse Mus musculus. By analysing human orthologs among these species, we identified 7 evolutionarily conserved signalling cascades, the insulin/TOR network, three MAPK (ERK, p38, JNK), JAK/STAT, TGF-β, and Nf-κB pathways that act pleiotropically on ageing and immunity. We review current evidence for these pathways linking immunity and lifespan, and their role in the detrimental dysregulation of the immune system with age, known as immunosenescence. We argue that the phenotypic effects of these pathways are often context-dependent and vary, for example, between tissues, sexes, and types of pathogenic infection. Future research therefore needs to explore a higher temporal, spatial and environmental resolution to fully comprehend the connection between ageing and immunity.
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         Immunosenescence
         Conservation
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         Geriatrics/Gerontology
         Aging
         Public Health
         Clinical Nutrition
         Antibodies
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      name:Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
      name:European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK
      name:Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
      name:Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
      name:European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK

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