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We began analyzing https://www.nature.com/articles/srep13293, but it redirected us to https://www.nature.com/articles/srep13293. The analysis below is for the second page.

Title[redir]:
The Crystal Structure of Pneumolysin at 2.0 ร… Resolution Reveals the Molecular Packing of the Pre-pore Complex | Scientific Reports
Description:
Pneumolysin is a cholesterol-dependent cytolysin (CDC) and virulence factor of Streptococcus pneumoniae. It kills cells by forming pores assembled from oligomeric rings in cholesterol-containing membranes. Cryo-EM has revealed the structures of the membrane-surface bound pre-pore and inserted-pore oligomers, however the molecular contacts that mediate these oligomers are unknown because high-resolution information is not available. Here we have determined the crystal structure of full-length pneumolysin at 1.98โ€‰ร… resolution. In the structure, crystal contacts demonstrate the likely interactions that enable polymerisation on the cell membrane and the molecular packing of the pre-pore complex. The hemolytic activity is abrogated in mutants that disrupt these intermolecular contacts, highlighting their importance during pore formation. An additional crystal structure of the membrane-binding domain alone suggests that changes in the conformation of a tryptophan rich-loop at the base of the toxin promote monomer-monomer interactions upon membrane binding by creating new contacts. Notably, residues at the interface are conserved in other members of the CDC family, suggesting a common mechanism for pore and pre-pore assembly.

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Keywords {๐Ÿ”}

pneumolysin, domain, article, structure, membrane, residues, google, scholar, toxin, cas, binding, prepore, activity, crystal, fig, pore, mutations, interface, monomers, nature, fluorescence, packing, data, structures, domains, formation, arg, cell, protein, hemolytic, form, wildtype, mutants, membranebinding, surface, complex, contacts, interactions, molecular, pneumoniae, loop, adjacent, argala, gluala, streptococcus, cells, intermolecular, cdc, tryptophanrich, table,

Topics {โœ’๏ธ}

nature portfolio privacy policy high-resolution x-ray structures model-building tools advertising nature 0/ reprints middle c-terminal membrane-binding domain n-terminal his6 tag comprehensive python-based system large beta-barrel pore7 high-resolution data means human acute-phase protein extended beta-hairpins penetrating tryptophan-rich flips outwards social media otitis media bacterial cholesterol-dependent cytolysin chilled phosphate-buffered saline stable protein-protein complexes23 membrane-surface bound pre-pore maltose-binding protein fusion ring-shaped pre-pore pore-forming toxins putative membrane-binding conformation thermo scientific permissions membrane-spanning ฮฒ-hairpins pre-pore complex jamie access mutant toxins bind monomer/monomer interface leads putative carbohydrate-binding residues cholesterol-dependent cytolysins pneumolysin red blood cells pore-forming protein toxin protein crystallography reveals molecular details full-length pneumolysin structure full size image wild-type toxin lead double mutant glu434alaโ€‰+โ€‰tyr461ala privacy glu434alaโ€‰+โ€‰arg437ala double mutant host cells involving pore-forming toxin intermedilysin threonine-leucine pair phosphate-buffered saline competing financial interests

Schema {๐Ÿ—บ๏ธ}

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         headline:The Crystal Structure of Pneumolysin at 2.0 รƒย… Resolution Reveals the Molecular Packing of the Pre-pore Complex
         description:Pneumolysin is a cholesterol-dependent cytolysin (CDC) and virulence factor of Streptococcus pneumoniae. It kills cells by forming pores assembled from oligomeric rings in cholesterol-containing membranes. Cryo-EM has revealed the structures of the membrane-surface bound pre-pore and inserted-pore oligomers, however the molecular contacts that mediate these oligomers are unknown because high-resolution information is not available. Here we have determined the crystal structure of full-length pneumolysin at 1.98รขย€ย‰รƒย… resolution. In the structure, crystal contacts demonstrate the likely interactions that enable polymerisation on the cell membrane and the molecular packing of the pre-pore complex. The hemolytic activity is abrogated in mutants that disrupt these intermolecular contacts, highlighting their importance during pore formation. An additional crystal structure of the membrane-binding domain alone suggests that changes in the conformation of a tryptophan rich-loop at the base of the toxin promote monomer-monomer interactions upon membrane binding by creating new contacts. Notably, residues at the interface are conserved in other members of the CDC family, suggesting a common mechanism for pore and pre-pore assembly.
         datePublished:2015-09-03T00:00:00Z
         dateModified:2015-09-03T00:00:00Z
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      headline:The Crystal Structure of Pneumolysin at 2.0 รƒย… Resolution Reveals the Molecular Packing of the Pre-pore Complex
      description:Pneumolysin is a cholesterol-dependent cytolysin (CDC) and virulence factor of Streptococcus pneumoniae. It kills cells by forming pores assembled from oligomeric rings in cholesterol-containing membranes. Cryo-EM has revealed the structures of the membrane-surface bound pre-pore and inserted-pore oligomers, however the molecular contacts that mediate these oligomers are unknown because high-resolution information is not available. Here we have determined the crystal structure of full-length pneumolysin at 1.98รขย€ย‰รƒย… resolution. In the structure, crystal contacts demonstrate the likely interactions that enable polymerisation on the cell membrane and the molecular packing of the pre-pore complex. The hemolytic activity is abrogated in mutants that disrupt these intermolecular contacts, highlighting their importance during pore formation. An additional crystal structure of the membrane-binding domain alone suggests that changes in the conformation of a tryptophan rich-loop at the base of the toxin promote monomer-monomer interactions upon membrane binding by creating new contacts. Notably, residues at the interface are conserved in other members of the CDC family, suggesting a common mechanism for pore and pre-pore assembly.
      datePublished:2015-09-03T00:00:00Z
      dateModified:2015-09-03T00:00:00Z
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      license:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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         Biophysical chemistry
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      name:Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA
      name:Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
      name:Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
      name:Genome Damage and Stability Centre, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, United Kingdom
      name:Department of Biochemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
      name:Department of Biochemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
      name:Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
      name:Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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