DOI . ORG {
}
Title[redir]:
The transsulfuration pathway: a source of cysteine for glutathione in astrocytes | Amino Acids
Description:
Astrocyte cells require cysteine as a substrate for glutamate cysteine ligase (γ-glutamylcysteine synthase; EC 6.3.2.2) catalyst of the rate-limiting step of the γ-glutamylcycle leading to formation of glutathione (l-γ-glutamyl-l-cysteinyl-glycine; GSH). In both astrocytes and glioblastoma/astrocytoma cells, the majority of cysteine originates from reduction of cystine imported by the x c − cystine-glutamate exchanger. However, the transsulfuration pathway, which supplies cysteine from the indispensable amino acid, methionine, has recently been identified as a significant contributor to GSH synthesis in astrocytes. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the importance of the transsulfuration pathway in these cells, particularly in the context of a reserve pathway that channels methionine towards cysteine when the demand for glutathione is high, or under conditions in which the supply of cystine by the x c − exchanger may be compromised.
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Keywords {🔍}
article, google, scholar, pubmed, cas, glutathione, cysteine, amino, pathway, cells, transsulfuration, acids, biol, cystineglutamate, human, cystathionine, neurochem, astrocytes, mcbean, glutamate, cystine, synthesis, access, redox, system, hydrogen, protein, cell, chem, brain, expression, privacy, cookies, content, acid, methionine, sulfide, kinase, banerjee, regulation, oxidative, stress, publish, research, search, exchanger, antiporter, metabolism, xct, biochem,
Topics {✒️}
l-γ-glutamyl-l-cysteinyl-glycine month download article/chapter cystathionine-γ-lyase leads human cystathionine-beta-synthase cystine/glutamate antiporter expression methionine metabolic pathways cystathionine-γ-lyase �� cystine/glutamate antiporter plp-dependent hemesensor protein dl-alpha-aminoadipate toxicity alternative trans-sulfuration reactions cystathionine gamma-lyase [3h]d-aspartate release cystathionine beta-synthase γ-glutamylcysteine synthase cystine/cysteine cycle full article pdf system xc− function brain protein synthesis glutamate transport activity primary brain tumors cystine-glutamate exchanger glutamate cysteine ligase γ-glutamylcycle leading potential target privacy choices/manage cookies retinal ganglion cells tnf-induced apoptosis l-[35s]methionine alleviates brain edema nuclear factor-κb alpha lipoic acid glioblastoma/astrocytoma cells c6 glioma cells system xc− glutamate induces release regulating enzyme activity indispensable amino acid excitatory amino acid cerebral cystine uptake check access mitochondrial dysfunction mediated p38mapk-mediated increase instant access gliomas inhibits neurodegeneration trans-sulfuration pathway glutamate transporters glast sulfur amino acids regulate gamma cystathionase rate-limiting step
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headline:The transsulfuration pathway: a source of cysteine for glutathione in astrocytes
description:Astrocyte cells require cysteine as a substrate for glutamate cysteine ligase (γ-glutamylcysteine synthase; EC 6.3.2.2) catalyst of the rate-limiting step of the γ-glutamylcycle leading to formation of glutathione (l-γ-glutamyl-l-cysteinyl-glycine; GSH). In both astrocytes and glioblastoma/astrocytoma cells, the majority of cysteine originates from reduction of cystine imported by the x
c
−
cystine-glutamate exchanger. However, the transsulfuration pathway, which supplies cysteine from the indispensable amino acid, methionine, has recently been identified as a significant contributor to GSH synthesis in astrocytes. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the importance of the transsulfuration pathway in these cells, particularly in the context of a reserve pathway that channels methionine towards cysteine when the demand for glutathione is high, or under conditions in which the supply of cystine by the x
c
−
exchanger may be compromised.
datePublished:2011-03-03T00:00:00Z
dateModified:2011-03-03T00:00:00Z
pageStart:199
pageEnd:205
sameAs:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-011-0864-8
keywords:
Transsulfuration
Brain
Astrocyte
Cysteine
Cystathionine-γ-lyase
Cystathionine-β-synthase
Glutathione
Biochemistry
general
Analytical Chemistry
Biochemical Engineering
Life Sciences
Proteomics
Neurobiology
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headline:The transsulfuration pathway: a source of cysteine for glutathione in astrocytes
description:Astrocyte cells require cysteine as a substrate for glutamate cysteine ligase (γ-glutamylcysteine synthase; EC 6.3.2.2) catalyst of the rate-limiting step of the γ-glutamylcycle leading to formation of glutathione (l-γ-glutamyl-l-cysteinyl-glycine; GSH). In both astrocytes and glioblastoma/astrocytoma cells, the majority of cysteine originates from reduction of cystine imported by the x
c
−
cystine-glutamate exchanger. However, the transsulfuration pathway, which supplies cysteine from the indispensable amino acid, methionine, has recently been identified as a significant contributor to GSH synthesis in astrocytes. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the importance of the transsulfuration pathway in these cells, particularly in the context of a reserve pathway that channels methionine towards cysteine when the demand for glutathione is high, or under conditions in which the supply of cystine by the x
c
−
exchanger may be compromised.
datePublished:2011-03-03T00:00:00Z
dateModified:2011-03-03T00:00:00Z
pageStart:199
pageEnd:205
sameAs:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-011-0864-8
keywords:
Transsulfuration
Brain
Astrocyte
Cysteine
Cystathionine-γ-lyase
Cystathionine-β-synthase
Glutathione
Biochemistry
general
Analytical Chemistry
Biochemical Engineering
Life Sciences
Proteomics
Neurobiology
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