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Methyltransferase Dot1l preferentially promotes innate IL-6 and IFN-β production by mediating H3K79me2/3 methylation in macrophages | Cellular & Molecular Immunology
Description:
Epigenetic modification, including histone modification, precisely controls target gene expression. The posttranscriptional regulation of the innate signaling-triggered production of inflammatory cytokines and type I interferons has been fully elucidated, whereas the roles of histone modification alteration and epigenetic modifiers in regulating inflammatory responses need to be further explored. Di/tri-methylation modifications of histone 3 lysine 79 (H3K79me2/3) have been shown to be associated with gene transcriptional activation. Disruptor of telomeric silencing-1-like (Dot1l) is the only known exclusive H3K79 methyltransferase and regulates the proliferation and differentiation of tumor cells. However, the roles of Dot1l and Dot1l-mediated H3K79 methylation in innate immunity and inflammatory responses remain unclear. Here, we found that H3K79me2/3 modification levels at the Il6 and Ifnb1 promoters, as well as H3K79me2 modification at the Tnfα promoter, were increased in macrophages activated by Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands or virus infection. The innate signals upregulated Dot1l expression in macrophages and THP1 cells. Dot1l silencing or a Dot1l inhibitor preferentially suppressed the production of IL-6 and interferon (IFN)-β but not of TNF-α in macrophages and THP1 cells triggered by TLR ligands or virus infection. Dot1l was recruited to the proximal promoter of the Il6 and Ifnb1 but not Tnfα gene and then mediated H3K79me2/3 modification at the Il6 and Ifnb1 promoters, consequently facilitating the transcription and expression of Il6 and Ifnb1. Thus, Dot1l-mediated selective H3K79me2/3 modifications at the Il6 and Ifnb1 promoters are required for the full activation of innate immune responses. This finding adds new insights into the epigenetic regulation of inflammatory responses and pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases.
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nature portfolio ubiquitin-editing enzyme a20 permissions reprints privacy policy advertising research progress social media normal development nature 525 nature 488 nature 554 nature 447 nature innate signaling-triggered production blocking tbk1-irf3 signaling c-myc-p300 complex di/tri-methylation modifications dot1l-mediated h3k79 methylation pattern-recognition receptor signalling author correspondence springerlink instant access permissions ifn-β production molecular targeted therapy personal data exclusive h3k79 methyltransferase genome-wide chromatin analysis regulating gene transcription histone lysine methylation mll-rearranged leukemia mediated h3k79me2/3 modification data protection including histone modification specifically repress il-6 published maps histone modification pattern innate immune responses signaling pathways downstream histone modification alteration regulating inflammatory responses thp1 cells triggered privacy innate immune system histone h3k79 methylation h3k79me2/3 modification levels inflammatory autoimmune diseases mediating h3k79me2/3 methylation pattern-recognition receptors issue learn transcribed mammalian chromatin
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