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Auranofin mitigates systemic iron overload and induces ferroptosis via distinct mechanisms | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy
Description:
Iron homeostasis is essential for health; moreover, hepcidin-deficiency results in iron overload in both hereditary hemochromatosis and iron-loading anemia. Here, we identified iron modulators by functionally screening hepcidin agonists using a library of 640 FDA-approved drugs in human hepatic Huh7 cells. We validated the results in C57BL/6J mice and a mouse model of hemochromatosis (Hfe−/− mice). Our screen revealed that the anti-rheumatoid arthritis drug auranofin (AUR) potently upregulates hepcidin expression. Interestingly, we found that canonical signaling pathways that regulate iron, including the Bmp/Smad and IL-6/Jak2/Stat3 pathways, play indispensable roles in mediating AUR’s effects. In addition, AUR induces IL-6 via the NF-κB pathway. In C57BL/6J mice, acute treatment with 5 mg/kg AUR activated hepatic IL-6/hepcidin signaling and decreased serum iron and transferrin saturation. Whereas chronically treating male Hfe−/− mice with 5 mg/kg AUR activated hepatic IL-6/hepcidin signaling, decreasing systemic iron overload, but less effective in females. Further analyses revealed that estrogen reduced the ability of AUR to induce IL-6/hepcidin signaling in Huh7 cells, providing a mechanistic explanation for ineffectiveness of AUR in female Hfe−/− mice. Notably, high-dose AUR (25 mg/kg) induces ferroptosis and causes lipid peroxidation through inhibition of thioredoxin reductase (TXNRD) activity. We demonstrate the ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin significantly protects liver toxicity induced by high-dose AUR without comprising its beneficial effect on iron metabolism. In conclusion, our findings provide compelling evidence that TXNRD is a key regulator of ferroptosis, and AUR is a novel activator of hepcidin and ferroptosis via distinct mechanisms, suggesting a promising approach for treating hemochromatosis and hepcidin-deficiency related disorders.
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nature portfolio privacy policy national key research nature advertising research diets research grants 5 mg/kg body weight/day nf-κb/il-6/stat3 signaling pathway social media development program apoptosis inhibitor z-vad-fmk hepcidin-deficiency related disorders ubiquitin-proteasome system-mediated ferroptosis reprints fda-approved drug library high-dose aur‒induced decrease fda-approved anti-rheumatoid arthritis nf-κb/il-6/stat3 axis treating iron-related diseases 5 mg/kg body weight 25 mg/kg body weight 1 mg/kg body weight 10 mg/kg body weight mapk/erk signaling pathway full size image kaplan–meier survival curves specific pathogen-free facility gold-induced aplastic anemia high-dose aur showed nf-κb inhibitor bay11–7082 xin huang & fudi wang high-dose aur increased long-term aur treatment tumor necrosis factor-alpha bmp6/bmp receptor complex recently identified iron-dependent tfr2/hfe complex triggers induce il-6/hepcidin signaling prevent hydroperoxide-induced ferroptosis myd88-dependent il-6 production gpr30-bmp6-dependent signaling transferrin-induced hepcidin expression nf-κb/il-6 pathway downstream pro-inflammatory cytokines perls’ prussian blue hepatic tnf-α expression high doses—inducing ferroptosis anti-ra drug auranofin bmp/smad/hepcidin axis
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headline:Auranofin mitigates systemic iron overload and induces ferroptosis via distinct mechanisms
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name:China Agricultural University
address:
name:Department of Nutrition and Health, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
name:Xinxiang Medical University
address:
name:School of Nursing, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
name:Hao Wang
url:http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7661-3688
affiliation:
name:Zhengzhou University
address:
name:Department of Nutrition, Precision Nutrition Innovation Center, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
name:Zhejiang University School of Medicine
address:
name:The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
name:China Agricultural University
address:
name:Department of Nutrition and Health, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
name:Xiang Yang
affiliation:
name:Zhejiang University School of Medicine
address:
name:The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
name:Qian Wu
affiliation:
name:Zhejiang University School of Medicine
address:
name:The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
name:Peng An
affiliation:
name:China Agricultural University
address:
name:Department of Nutrition and Health, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
name:Xi Jin
affiliation:
name:Zhejiang University School of Medicine
address:
name:The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
name:Weiwei Liu
affiliation:
name:Zhengzhou University
address:
name:Department of Nutrition, Precision Nutrition Innovation Center, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
name:Xin Huang
affiliation:
name:Zhengzhou University
address:
name:Department of Nutrition, Precision Nutrition Innovation Center, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
name:Yuzhu Li
affiliation:
name:Zhejiang University School of Medicine
address:
name:The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
name:Shiyu Yan
affiliation:
name:Zhejiang University School of Medicine
address:
name:The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
name:Shuying Shen
affiliation:
name:Zhejiang University School of Medicine
address:
name:The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
name:Tingbo Liang
affiliation:
name:Zhejiang University School of Medicine
address:
name:The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
email:[email protected]
name:Junxia Min
url:http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8099-6327
affiliation:
name:Zhejiang University School of Medicine
address:
name:The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
email:[email protected]
name:Fudi Wang
url:http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8730-0003
affiliation:
name:Zhengzhou University
address:
name:Department of Nutrition, Precision Nutrition Innovation Center, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
name:Zhejiang University School of Medicine
address:
name:The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
name:China Agricultural University
address:
name:Department of Nutrition and Health, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
type:PostalAddress
type:Organization
email:[email protected]
PostalAddress:
name:Department of Nutrition, Precision Nutrition Innovation Center, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
name:The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
name:Department of Nutrition and Health, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
name:School of Nursing, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
name:Department of Nutrition, Precision Nutrition Innovation Center, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
name:The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
name:Department of Nutrition and Health, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
name:The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
name:The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
name:Department of Nutrition and Health, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
name:The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
name:Department of Nutrition, Precision Nutrition Innovation Center, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
name:Department of Nutrition, Precision Nutrition Innovation Center, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
name:The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
name:The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
name:The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
name:The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
name:The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
name:Department of Nutrition, Precision Nutrition Innovation Center, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
name:The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
name:Department of Nutrition and Health, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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