We are analyzing https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12885-015-1859-8.

Title:
Determining the origin of synchronous multifocal bladder cancer by exome sequencing | BMC Cancer
Description:
Background Synchronous multifocal tumours are commonly observed in urothelial carcinomas of the bladder. The origin of these physically independent tumours has been proposed to occur by either intraluminal migration (clonal) or spontaneous transformation of multiple cells by carcinogens (field effect). It is unclear which model is correct, with several studies supporting both hypotheses. A potential cause of this uncertainty may be the small number of genetic mutations previously used to quantify the relationship between these tumours. Methods To better understand the genetic lineage of these tumours we conducted exome sequencing of synchronous multifocal pTa urothelial bladder cancers at a high depth, using multiple samples from three patients. Results Phylogenetic analysis of high confidence single nucleotide variants (SNV) demonstrated that the sequenced multifocal bladder cancers arose from a clonal origin in all three patients (bootstrap value 100 %). Interestingly, in two patients the most common type of tumour-associated SNVs were cytosine mutations of TpC* dinucleotides (Fisher’s exact test p < 10−41), likely caused by APOBEC-mediated deamination. Incorporating these results into our clonal model, we found that TpC* type mutations occurred 2-5× more often among SNVs on the ancestral branches than in the more recent private branches (p < 10−4) suggesting that TpC* mutations largely occurred early in the development of the tumour. Conclusions These results demonstrate that synchronous multifocal bladder cancers frequently arise from a clonal origin. Our data also suggests that APOBEC-mediated mutations occur early in the development of the tumour and may be a driver of tumourigenesis in non-muscle invasive urothelial bladder cancer.
Website Age:
28 years and 1 months (reg. 1997-05-29).

Matching Content Categories {📚}

Education
Science
Careers

Content Management System {📝}

What CMS is link.springer.com built with?

Custom-built

No common CMS systems were detected on Link.springer.com, and no known web development framework was identified.

Traffic Estimate {📈}

What is the average monthly size of link.springer.com audience?

🌠 Phenomenal Traffic: 5M - 10M visitors per month

Based on our best estimate, this website will receive around 5,000,019 visitors per month in the current month.
However, some sources were not loaded, we suggest to reload the page to get complete results.

check SE Ranking
check Ahrefs
check Similarweb
check Ubersuggest
check Semrush

How Does Link.springer.com Make Money? {💸}

We're unsure if the website is profiting.

While profit motivates many websites, others exist to inspire, entertain, or provide valuable resources. Websites have a variety of goals. And this might be one of them. Link.springer.com might be plotting its profit, but the way they're doing it isn't detectable yet.

Keywords {🔍}

snvs, tumours, cancer, samples, mutations, tumour, bladder, patients, additional, article, tpc, shared, multifocal, file, pubmed, analysis, origin, normal, data, clonal, sequencing, table, sample, patient, google, scholar, genetic, results, genome, cas, synchronous, snv, urothelial, mutation, cancers, demonstrated, test, study, mucosa, human, reference, indels, exome, number, field, phylogenetic, fishers, exact, found, early,

Topics {✒️}

x-chromosomal inactivation patterns article download pdf apobec-mediated mutations occurred produced conflicting reports paired-end illumina sequencing neighbor-joining algorithm suggested multifocal bladder cancer exact test p-values urothelial bladder carcinoma related subjects upper urinary tract late bladder cancer privacy choices/manage cookies bladder cancer lesion apobec-mediated deamination full access intrinsic genetic instability article acar apobec-mediated mutations gatk quality filter strict filtering criteria gatk quality score creative commons license low/high grade intratumoural mutation heterogeneity paired-end mode [8] bmc cancer 15 metachronous multifocal tumours reflect synchronous tumours single nucleotide polymorphisms apobec3 cytidine deaminases urothelial cancer initiation nj algorithm based comprehensive molecular characterization physically independent tumours tissue- specific variants apobec mutations occur reference human genome human reference genome population genetic analysis clin cancer res multiple human cancers results exome sequencing tarık esen high technical noise previous studies results strongly support classic work characterizing genome analysis toolkit normal bladder mucosa

Schema {🗺️}

WebPage:
      mainEntity:
         headline:Determining the origin of synchronous multifocal bladder cancer by exome sequencing
         description:Synchronous multifocal tumours are commonly observed in urothelial carcinomas of the bladder. The origin of these physically independent tumours has been proposed to occur by either intraluminal migration (clonal) or spontaneous transformation of multiple cells by carcinogens (field effect). It is unclear which model is correct, with several studies supporting both hypotheses. A potential cause of this uncertainty may be the small number of genetic mutations previously used to quantify the relationship between these tumours. To better understand the genetic lineage of these tumours we conducted exome sequencing of synchronous multifocal pTa urothelial bladder cancers at a high depth, using multiple samples from three patients. Phylogenetic analysis of high confidence single nucleotide variants (SNV) demonstrated that the sequenced multifocal bladder cancers arose from a clonal origin in all three patients (bootstrap value 100 %). Interestingly, in two patients the most common type of tumour-associated SNVs were cytosine mutations of TpC* dinucleotides (Fisher’s exact test p < 10−41), likely caused by APOBEC-mediated deamination. Incorporating these results into our clonal model, we found that TpC* type mutations occurred 2-5× more often among SNVs on the ancestral branches than in the more recent private branches (p < 10−4) suggesting that TpC* mutations largely occurred early in the development of the tumour. These results demonstrate that synchronous multifocal bladder cancers frequently arise from a clonal origin. Our data also suggests that APOBEC-mediated mutations occur early in the development of the tumour and may be a driver of tumourigenesis in non-muscle invasive urothelial bladder cancer.
         datePublished:2015-11-09T00:00:00Z
         dateModified:2015-11-09T00:00:00Z
         pageStart:1
         pageEnd:7
         license:http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
         sameAs:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-015-1859-8
         keywords:
            Multifocal bladder cancer
            Next-generation sequencing, Population genetics, APOBEC deaminase
            Cancer Research
            Oncology
            Surgical Oncology
            Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
            Biomedicine
            general
            Medicine/Public Health
         image:
            https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12885-015-1859-8/MediaObjects/12885_2015_1859_Fig1_HTML.gif
            https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12885-015-1859-8/MediaObjects/12885_2015_1859_Fig2_HTML.gif
         isPartOf:
            name:BMC Cancer
            issn:
               1471-2407
            volumeNumber:15
            type:
               Periodical
               PublicationVolume
         publisher:
            name:BioMed Central
            logo:
               url:https://www.springernature.com/app-sn/public/images/logo-springernature.png
               type:ImageObject
            type:Organization
         author:
               name:Ömer Acar
               affiliation:
                     name:Koc University
                     address:
                        name:Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:VKF American Hospital
                     address:
                        name:Department of Urology, VKF American Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Ezgi Özkurt
               affiliation:
                     name:Middle East Technical University
                     address:
                        name:Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Gulfem Demir
               affiliation:
                     name:Bilkent University
                     address:
                        name:Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Hilal Saraç
               affiliation:
                     name:School of Medicine, Koc University
                     address:
                        name:School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Can Alkan
               affiliation:
                     name:Bilkent University
                     address:
                        name:Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Tarık Esen
               affiliation:
                     name:Koc University
                     address:
                        name:Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:VKF American Hospital
                     address:
                        name:Department of Urology, VKF American Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Mehmet Somel
               affiliation:
                     name:Middle East Technical University
                     address:
                        name:Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Nathan A. Lack
               affiliation:
                     name:School of Medicine, Koc University
                     address:
                        name:School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               email:[email protected]
               type:Person
         isAccessibleForFree:1
         type:ScholarlyArticle
      context:https://schema.org
ScholarlyArticle:
      headline:Determining the origin of synchronous multifocal bladder cancer by exome sequencing
      description:Synchronous multifocal tumours are commonly observed in urothelial carcinomas of the bladder. The origin of these physically independent tumours has been proposed to occur by either intraluminal migration (clonal) or spontaneous transformation of multiple cells by carcinogens (field effect). It is unclear which model is correct, with several studies supporting both hypotheses. A potential cause of this uncertainty may be the small number of genetic mutations previously used to quantify the relationship between these tumours. To better understand the genetic lineage of these tumours we conducted exome sequencing of synchronous multifocal pTa urothelial bladder cancers at a high depth, using multiple samples from three patients. Phylogenetic analysis of high confidence single nucleotide variants (SNV) demonstrated that the sequenced multifocal bladder cancers arose from a clonal origin in all three patients (bootstrap value 100 %). Interestingly, in two patients the most common type of tumour-associated SNVs were cytosine mutations of TpC* dinucleotides (Fisher’s exact test p < 10−41), likely caused by APOBEC-mediated deamination. Incorporating these results into our clonal model, we found that TpC* type mutations occurred 2-5× more often among SNVs on the ancestral branches than in the more recent private branches (p < 10−4) suggesting that TpC* mutations largely occurred early in the development of the tumour. These results demonstrate that synchronous multifocal bladder cancers frequently arise from a clonal origin. Our data also suggests that APOBEC-mediated mutations occur early in the development of the tumour and may be a driver of tumourigenesis in non-muscle invasive urothelial bladder cancer.
      datePublished:2015-11-09T00:00:00Z
      dateModified:2015-11-09T00:00:00Z
      pageStart:1
      pageEnd:7
      license:http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
      sameAs:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-015-1859-8
      keywords:
         Multifocal bladder cancer
         Next-generation sequencing, Population genetics, APOBEC deaminase
         Cancer Research
         Oncology
         Surgical Oncology
         Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
         Biomedicine
         general
         Medicine/Public Health
      image:
         https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12885-015-1859-8/MediaObjects/12885_2015_1859_Fig1_HTML.gif
         https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12885-015-1859-8/MediaObjects/12885_2015_1859_Fig2_HTML.gif
      isPartOf:
         name:BMC Cancer
         issn:
            1471-2407
         volumeNumber:15
         type:
            Periodical
            PublicationVolume
      publisher:
         name:BioMed Central
         logo:
            url:https://www.springernature.com/app-sn/public/images/logo-springernature.png
            type:ImageObject
         type:Organization
      author:
            name:Ömer Acar
            affiliation:
                  name:Koc University
                  address:
                     name:Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:VKF American Hospital
                  address:
                     name:Department of Urology, VKF American Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Ezgi Özkurt
            affiliation:
                  name:Middle East Technical University
                  address:
                     name:Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Gulfem Demir
            affiliation:
                  name:Bilkent University
                  address:
                     name:Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Hilal Saraç
            affiliation:
                  name:School of Medicine, Koc University
                  address:
                     name:School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Can Alkan
            affiliation:
                  name:Bilkent University
                  address:
                     name:Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Tarık Esen
            affiliation:
                  name:Koc University
                  address:
                     name:Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:VKF American Hospital
                  address:
                     name:Department of Urology, VKF American Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Mehmet Somel
            affiliation:
                  name:Middle East Technical University
                  address:
                     name:Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Nathan A. Lack
            affiliation:
                  name:School of Medicine, Koc University
                  address:
                     name:School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            email:[email protected]
            type:Person
      isAccessibleForFree:1
["Periodical","PublicationVolume"]:
      name:BMC Cancer
      issn:
         1471-2407
      volumeNumber:15
Organization:
      name:BioMed Central
      logo:
         url:https://www.springernature.com/app-sn/public/images/logo-springernature.png
         type:ImageObject
      name:Koc University
      address:
         name:Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
         type:PostalAddress
      name:VKF American Hospital
      address:
         name:Department of Urology, VKF American Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Middle East Technical University
      address:
         name:Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Bilkent University
      address:
         name:Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
         type:PostalAddress
      name:School of Medicine, Koc University
      address:
         name:School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Bilkent University
      address:
         name:Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Koc University
      address:
         name:Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
         type:PostalAddress
      name:VKF American Hospital
      address:
         name:Department of Urology, VKF American Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Middle East Technical University
      address:
         name:Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
         type:PostalAddress
      name:School of Medicine, Koc University
      address:
         name:School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
         type:PostalAddress
ImageObject:
      url:https://www.springernature.com/app-sn/public/images/logo-springernature.png
Person:
      name:Ömer Acar
      affiliation:
            name:Koc University
            address:
               name:Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:VKF American Hospital
            address:
               name:Department of Urology, VKF American Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Ezgi Özkurt
      affiliation:
            name:Middle East Technical University
            address:
               name:Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Gulfem Demir
      affiliation:
            name:Bilkent University
            address:
               name:Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Hilal Saraç
      affiliation:
            name:School of Medicine, Koc University
            address:
               name:School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Can Alkan
      affiliation:
            name:Bilkent University
            address:
               name:Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Tarık Esen
      affiliation:
            name:Koc University
            address:
               name:Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:VKF American Hospital
            address:
               name:Department of Urology, VKF American Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Mehmet Somel
      affiliation:
            name:Middle East Technical University
            address:
               name:Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Nathan A. Lack
      affiliation:
            name:School of Medicine, Koc University
            address:
               name:School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      email:[email protected]
PostalAddress:
      name:Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
      name:Department of Urology, VKF American Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
      name:Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
      name:Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
      name:School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
      name:Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
      name:Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
      name:Department of Urology, VKF American Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
      name:Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
      name:School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey

External Links {🔗}(109)

Analytics and Tracking {📊}

Google Tag Manager

Libraries {📚}

Clipboard.js
Prism.js

CDN Services {📦}

Crossref

4.25s.

LINK . SPRINGER . COM {}