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We are analyzing https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40658-017-0179-2.

Title:
Minimum lesion detectability as a measure of PET system performance | EJNMMI Physics
Description:
A phantom in combination with an imaging protocol was developed to measure the limit of small lesion detection on different PET systems. Seven small spheres with inner diameters ranging from 3.95 up to 15.43 mm were imaged in a Jaszczak ECT Phantom, in air, in a cold background, and with sphere to background contrast ratios of 15:1 down to 1.88:1. The imaging times varied from 1 to 16 min. The imaging protocol was performed on the Gemini TF and Vereos by Philips, the mCT and HRRT by Siemens, and the Discovery 710 by General Electric. For each scanning condition, the images were reconstructed with image voxel sizes of 1 to 4 mm cubic voxels. The reconstruction method used for each system was the one recommended by the manufacture to achieve best small image lesion detection results. A human observer study was performed to determine the smallest observable sphere for each scanning condition. All systems were able to image the smallest sphere of 3.95 mm inner diameter at the 15 to 1 signal to background ratio when imaged for 16 min. For a typical whole body per bed position scan time of 2 to 4 min, the smallest imaged sphere varied between 4.95 and 6.23 mm at the 15:1 contrast ratio and 12.43 and 15.43 mm at a contrast ratio of 1.88:1. In general, all systems were consistent with the Rose criteria when determining lesion detectability. Besides demonstrating that the current state of the art clinical PET/CT systems have the same lesion detection ability, the study demonstrates how sensitive scan time can be to detecting small lesions which have a relatively small contrast uptake in the range of just 2:1. This should help guide imaging protocols to use longer scan times over regions of the subject in which small lesions are suspect.
Website Age:
28 years and 1 months (reg. 1997-05-29).

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Keywords {🔍}

image, lesion, background, images, study, system, sphere, spheres, pet, voxel, data, contrast, phantom, size, imaging, systems, detection, table, scan, article, ratio, observer, human, signal, min, reconstruction, google, scholar, observed, smallest, lesions, activity, small, time, snr, med, measure, nucl, volume, full, scanning, petct, row, set, measured, research, detectability, performance, results, clinical,

Topics {✒️}

shielah conant & roberto maass-moreno si-photomultiplier-based pet systems positron emission tomography si-photomultiplier-based clinical pet/ct imaging related subjects ect/mi-hs/set4 pet/ct systems undertaken clinical pet/ct systems pet/ct system design body pet/ct systems flight pet/ct scanner nema nu2 test body 18f-fdg pet article download pdf nema nu2 measurements radionuclide-labeled agent full access lesion imaging test pet/ct system stephen adler radionuclide activity measurement lesion scoring scheme privacy choices/manage cookies pet imaging highlights pet/ct systems digital pet prototype guide imaging protocols leidos biomedical research accompanying table 5 list pet imaging data pet tumor imaging minimum lesion size nuclear medicine physicians nuclear medicine technologist philips medical systems minimum lesion detectability pet imaging assessment ect/hs/set6 article adler image voxel size pet scanner performance katherine binzel jun zhang pet lesion detection imaging parameter space medical imaging resulting pet image imaging times varied pet tumor detection

Questions {❓}

  • For a lesion of a given size, a tracer uptake to background of a given contrast reconstructed to a given image voxel size, will the lesion be positively observed?

Schema {🗺️}

WebPage:
      mainEntity:
         headline:Minimum lesion detectability as a measure of PET system performance
         description:A phantom in combination with an imaging protocol was developed to measure the limit of small lesion detection on different PET systems. Seven small spheres with inner diameters ranging from 3.95 up to 15.43 mm were imaged in a Jaszczak ECT Phantom, in air, in a cold background, and with sphere to background contrast ratios of 15:1 down to 1.88:1. The imaging times varied from 1 to 16 min. The imaging protocol was performed on the Gemini TF and Vereos by Philips, the mCT and HRRT by Siemens, and the Discovery 710 by General Electric. For each scanning condition, the images were reconstructed with image voxel sizes of 1 to 4 mm cubic voxels. The reconstruction method used for each system was the one recommended by the manufacture to achieve best small image lesion detection results. A human observer study was performed to determine the smallest observable sphere for each scanning condition. All systems were able to image the smallest sphere of 3.95 mm inner diameter at the 15 to 1 signal to background ratio when imaged for 16 min. For a typical whole body per bed position scan time of 2 to 4 min, the smallest imaged sphere varied between 4.95 and 6.23 mm at the 15:1 contrast ratio and 12.43 and 15.43 mm at a contrast ratio of 1.88:1. In general, all systems were consistent with the Rose criteria when determining lesion detectability. Besides demonstrating that the current state of the art clinical PET/CT systems have the same lesion detection ability, the study demonstrates how sensitive scan time can be to detecting small lesions which have a relatively small contrast uptake in the range of just 2:1. This should help guide imaging protocols to use longer scan times over regions of the subject in which small lesions are suspect.
         datePublished:2017-03-04T00:00:00Z
         dateModified:2017-03-04T00:00:00Z
         pageStart:1
         pageEnd:14
         license:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
         sameAs:https://doi.org/10.1186/s40658-017-0179-2
         keywords:
            PET/CT imaging
            Lesion detection
            Human observer study
            Signal to noise
            Nuclear Medicine
            Imaging / Radiology
            Applied and Technical Physics
            Computational Mathematics and Numerical Analysis
            Engineering
            general
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                     address:
                        name:Clinical Research Directorate/Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
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                        type:PostalAddress
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               affiliation:
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                     address:
                        name:Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
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               affiliation:
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                     address:
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                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Jun Zhang
               affiliation:
                     name:The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center
                     address:
                        name:Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
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               name:Craig Barker
               affiliation:
                     name:Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health
                     address:
                        name:Positron Emission Tomography Department, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Shielah Conant
               affiliation:
                     name:Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health
                     address:
                        name:Positron Emission Tomography Department, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Roberto Maass-Moreno
               affiliation:
                     name:Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health
                     address:
                        name:Positron Emission Tomography Department, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
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ScholarlyArticle:
      headline:Minimum lesion detectability as a measure of PET system performance
      description:A phantom in combination with an imaging protocol was developed to measure the limit of small lesion detection on different PET systems. Seven small spheres with inner diameters ranging from 3.95 up to 15.43 mm were imaged in a Jaszczak ECT Phantom, in air, in a cold background, and with sphere to background contrast ratios of 15:1 down to 1.88:1. The imaging times varied from 1 to 16 min. The imaging protocol was performed on the Gemini TF and Vereos by Philips, the mCT and HRRT by Siemens, and the Discovery 710 by General Electric. For each scanning condition, the images were reconstructed with image voxel sizes of 1 to 4 mm cubic voxels. The reconstruction method used for each system was the one recommended by the manufacture to achieve best small image lesion detection results. A human observer study was performed to determine the smallest observable sphere for each scanning condition. All systems were able to image the smallest sphere of 3.95 mm inner diameter at the 15 to 1 signal to background ratio when imaged for 16 min. For a typical whole body per bed position scan time of 2 to 4 min, the smallest imaged sphere varied between 4.95 and 6.23 mm at the 15:1 contrast ratio and 12.43 and 15.43 mm at a contrast ratio of 1.88:1. In general, all systems were consistent with the Rose criteria when determining lesion detectability. Besides demonstrating that the current state of the art clinical PET/CT systems have the same lesion detection ability, the study demonstrates how sensitive scan time can be to detecting small lesions which have a relatively small contrast uptake in the range of just 2:1. This should help guide imaging protocols to use longer scan times over regions of the subject in which small lesions are suspect.
      datePublished:2017-03-04T00:00:00Z
      dateModified:2017-03-04T00:00:00Z
      pageStart:1
      pageEnd:14
      license:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
      sameAs:https://doi.org/10.1186/s40658-017-0179-2
      keywords:
         PET/CT imaging
         Lesion detection
         Human observer study
         Signal to noise
         Nuclear Medicine
         Imaging / Radiology
         Applied and Technical Physics
         Computational Mathematics and Numerical Analysis
         Engineering
         general
      image:
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         name:Springer International Publishing
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            type:ImageObject
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      author:
            name:Stephen Adler
            url:http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4399-6923
            affiliation:
                  name:Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research
                  address:
                     name:Clinical Research Directorate/Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            email:[email protected]
            type:Person
            name:Jurgen Seidel
            affiliation:
                  name:Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research
                  address:
                     name:Clinical Research Directorate/Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Peter Choyke
            affiliation:
                  name:National Cancer Institute
                  address:
                     name:Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Michael V. Knopp
            affiliation:
                  name:The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center
                  address:
                     name:Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Katherine Binzel
            affiliation:
                  name:The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center
                  address:
                     name:Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Jun Zhang
            affiliation:
                  name:The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center
                  address:
                     name:Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Craig Barker
            affiliation:
                  name:Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health
                  address:
                     name:Positron Emission Tomography Department, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Shielah Conant
            affiliation:
                  name:Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health
                  address:
                     name:Positron Emission Tomography Department, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Roberto Maass-Moreno
            affiliation:
                  name:Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health
                  address:
                     name:Positron Emission Tomography Department, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
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      name:Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research
      address:
         name:Clinical Research Directorate/Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research
      address:
         name:Clinical Research Directorate/Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:National Cancer Institute
      address:
         name:Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, USA
         type:PostalAddress
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      address:
         name:Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
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      address:
         name:Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center
      address:
         name:Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health
      address:
         name:Positron Emission Tomography Department, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health
      address:
         name:Positron Emission Tomography Department, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health
      address:
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         type:PostalAddress
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Person:
      name:Stephen Adler
      url:http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4399-6923
      affiliation:
            name:Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research
            address:
               name:Clinical Research Directorate/Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      email:[email protected]
      name:Jurgen Seidel
      affiliation:
            name:Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research
            address:
               name:Clinical Research Directorate/Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Peter Choyke
      affiliation:
            name:National Cancer Institute
            address:
               name:Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Michael V. Knopp
      affiliation:
            name:The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center
            address:
               name:Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Katherine Binzel
      affiliation:
            name:The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center
            address:
               name:Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Jun Zhang
      affiliation:
            name:The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center
            address:
               name:Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Craig Barker
      affiliation:
            name:Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health
            address:
               name:Positron Emission Tomography Department, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Shielah Conant
      affiliation:
            name:Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health
            address:
               name:Positron Emission Tomography Department, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Roberto Maass-Moreno
      affiliation:
            name:Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health
            address:
               name:Positron Emission Tomography Department, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
PostalAddress:
      name:Clinical Research Directorate/Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, USA
      name:Clinical Research Directorate/Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, USA
      name:Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, USA
      name:Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
      name:Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
      name:Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
      name:Positron Emission Tomography Department, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
      name:Positron Emission Tomography Department, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
      name:Positron Emission Tomography Department, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA

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