We are analyzing https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40425-018-0361-7.

Title:
Radiation therapy and PD-1/PD-L1 blockade: the clinical development of an evolving anticancer combination | Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer
Description:
Several inhibitors of programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) have been approved as a form of immunotherapy for multiple cancers. Ionizing radiation therapy (RT) has been shown to enhance the priming and effector phases of the antitumor T-cell response rendering it an attractive therapy to combine with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. Preclinical data support the rational combination of the 2 modalities and has paved way for the clinical development of the combination across a spectrum of cancers. In this review, we highlight the preclinical and clinical development of combined RT and PD-1/PD-L1 blockade to date. In addition to a comprehensive evaluation of available safety and efficacy data, we discuss important points of consideration in clinical trial design for this promising combination.
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Keywords {🔍}

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Topics {✒️}

antigen-specific cd8+ t-cells tumor antigen-specific t-cells cd8+ t-cell/treg ratio anti-programmed-death-receptor-1 treatment cd4+/foxp3+ regulatory t-cells tumor-infiltrating cd8+ t-cells myeloid-derived suppressor cells resident-tumor infiltrating t-cells anti-pd-1/pd-l1 treatment rt-induced ifn-γ production t-cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 promote t-cell expansion combination pd-1/pd-l1 inhibitors autologous stem-cell transplantation anti-pd-1 therapy produced t-cell dependent manner cd8+ t-cell-mediated [102] cd8+ t-cell remains small-cell lung cancer anti-pd-1 drug therapy +/tumor necrosis factor-α increased t-cell infiltrates antigen-driven selection manner jak/stat1-dependent manner anti-pd-l1 therapy advanced renal-cell carcinoma pd-1/pd-l1 inhibitors pd-1/pd-l1 blockade pd-1/pd-l1 blockade [71 enhanced antigen cross-presentation pd-1/pd-l1 axis kras-mutant lung cancer anti-ctla-4 antibody determined severe immune-mediated aes ongoing anti-pd-1 therapy increased cd8+/treg ratio cedars-sinai medical center article download pdf t-cell exhaustion elevated ifn-γ production cancer cell-intrinsic activation grade ≥ 3 rt-related aes pd-l1 inhibitor durvalumab programmed death ligand-1 syngeneic mouse model pd-l1 blockade compared abscopal anti-tumor immunity cell-mediated myocarditis [abstract] recurrent squamous-cell carcinoma systemic anti-tumor responses

Questions {❓}

Combining radiation and immunotherapy: a new systemic therapy for solid tumors?
Does immunotherapy increase the rate of radiation necrosis after radiosurgical treatment of brain metastases?

Schema {🗺️}

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         headline:Radiation therapy and PD-1/PD-L1 blockade: the clinical development of an evolving anticancer combination
         description:Several inhibitors of programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) have been approved as a form of immunotherapy for multiple cancers. Ionizing radiation therapy (RT) has been shown to enhance the priming and effector phases of the antitumor T-cell response rendering it an attractive therapy to combine with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. Preclinical data support the rational combination of the 2 modalities and has paved way for the clinical development of the combination across a spectrum of cancers. In this review, we highlight the preclinical and clinical development of combined RT and PD-1/PD-L1 blockade to date. In addition to a comprehensive evaluation of available safety and efficacy data, we discuss important points of consideration in clinical trial design for this promising combination.
         datePublished:2018-06-04T00:00:00Z
         dateModified:2018-06-04T00:00:00Z
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            Antitumor
            Immune response
            Checkpoint inhibitor
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            Immunology
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      headline:Radiation therapy and PD-1/PD-L1 blockade: the clinical development of an evolving anticancer combination
      description:Several inhibitors of programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) have been approved as a form of immunotherapy for multiple cancers. Ionizing radiation therapy (RT) has been shown to enhance the priming and effector phases of the antitumor T-cell response rendering it an attractive therapy to combine with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. Preclinical data support the rational combination of the 2 modalities and has paved way for the clinical development of the combination across a spectrum of cancers. In this review, we highlight the preclinical and clinical development of combined RT and PD-1/PD-L1 blockade to date. In addition to a comprehensive evaluation of available safety and efficacy data, we discuss important points of consideration in clinical trial design for this promising combination.
      datePublished:2018-06-04T00:00:00Z
      dateModified:2018-06-04T00:00:00Z
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         PD-1
         PD-L1
         Clinical trials
         Preclinical
         Antitumor
         Immune response
         Checkpoint inhibitor
         Oncology
         Immunology
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            name:Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
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      name:Departments of Radiation Oncology and Biomedical Sciences, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA

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