We are analyzing https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40425-016-0165-6.

Title:
Clinical significance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in breast cancer | Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer
Description:
Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) play an essential role in mediating response to chemotherapy and improving clinical outcomes in all subtypes of breast cancer. Triple negative breast cancers (TN) are most likely to have tumors with >50 % lymphocytic infiltrate, termed lymphocyte predominant breast cancer, and derive the greatest survival benefit from each 10 % increase in TIL. The majority of HER2+ breast cancers have similar level of immune infiltrate as TN breast cancer yet the presence of TILs has not shown the same survival benefit. For HER2+ breast cancers, type 1 T-cells, either increased TBET+ tumor infiltration or increased type 1 HER2-specific CD4+ T-cells in the peripheral blood, are associated with better outcomes. Hormone receptor positive HER2 negative tumors tend to have the least immune infiltrate yet are the only breast cancer subtype to show worse prognosis with increased FOXP3 regulatory T-cell infiltrate. Notably, all breast cancer subtypes have tumors with low, intermediate, or high TIL infiltrate. Tumors with high TILs may also have increased PD-L1 expression which might be the reason that TN breast cancer seems to demonstrate the most robust clinical response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy but further investigation is needed. Tumors with intermediate or low levels of pre-treatment immune infiltrate, on the other hand, may benefit from an intervention that may increase TIL, particularly type 1 T-cells. Examples of these interventions include specific types of cytotoxic chemotherapy, radiation, or vaccine therapy. Therefore, the systematic evaluation of TIL and specific populations of TIL may be able to both guide prognosis and the appropriate sequencing of therapies in breast cancer.
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Keywords {🔍}

cancer, breast, pubmed, patients, article, immune, google, scholar, response, tumor, infiltrate, cas, tumors, clinical, cells, therapy, tcells, expression, lymphocytes, type, survival, til, increase, shown, chemotherapy, increased, tcell, pdl, central, improved, tils, study, clin, oncol, prognosis, inhibitor, dcis, treated, trastuzumab, res, receptor, checkpoint, outcome, metastatic, data, subtypes, foxp, infiltrating, cancers, therapies,

Topics {✒️}

granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor elevated interferon-beta signaling anti-pd-l1 monoclonal antibodies intratumoral t-bet + lymphoid cells helper cell-specific regulation systemic t-cell response regulatory t-cell ratio her2-positive breast cancer triple-negative breast cancer tumour-infiltrating foxp3 small-cell lung cancer article download pdf cd8+ t-cell infiltrate t-cell immune response anti-cd137 mab therapy t-cell immune infiltrate anti-pd-l1 antibody increase effector t-cell intratumoral cd8+ t-cells induce immune-mediated rejection th2 regulatory t-cells cd4+ regulatory t-cells increased cd8+ t-cells pd-l1+ breast cancer pd-l1- breast cancer early-stage colorectal cancer cellular stress signals anti-inflammatory immune response increased pd-l1 expression increased pd-l1 infiltrate cd8+ cytotoxic t-cells anti-tumor immune response enhances mhc class pd-l1 expression correlates pre-treatment immune infiltrate cd4+ t-helper 1 pd-l1–positive hormone receptor status t-cell response metastatic solid tumours metastatic breast cancer type 1 t-cells advanced breast cancer anti-pd-1 antibody her2+ breast cancers anti-her2 cd4 receptor 4-dependent contribution anti-pd-l1 her2+ breast cancer checkpoint inhibitor therapy

Questions {❓}

Trastuzumab-based treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer: an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity mechanism?

Schema {🗺️}

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         headline:Clinical significance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in breast cancer
         description:Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) play an essential role in mediating response to chemotherapy and improving clinical outcomes in all subtypes of breast cancer. Triple negative breast cancers (TN) are most likely to have tumors with >50 % lymphocytic infiltrate, termed lymphocyte predominant breast cancer, and derive the greatest survival benefit from each 10 % increase in TIL. The majority of HER2+ breast cancers have similar level of immune infiltrate as TN breast cancer yet the presence of TILs has not shown the same survival benefit. For HER2+ breast cancers, type 1 T-cells, either increased TBET+ tumor infiltration or increased type 1 HER2-specific CD4+ T-cells in the peripheral blood, are associated with better outcomes. Hormone receptor positive HER2 negative tumors tend to have the least immune infiltrate yet are the only breast cancer subtype to show worse prognosis with increased FOXP3 regulatory T-cell infiltrate. Notably, all breast cancer subtypes have tumors with low, intermediate, or high TIL infiltrate. Tumors with high TILs may also have increased PD-L1 expression which might be the reason that TN breast cancer seems to demonstrate the most robust clinical response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy but further investigation is needed. Tumors with intermediate or low levels of pre-treatment immune infiltrate, on the other hand, may benefit from an intervention that may increase TIL, particularly type 1 T-cells. Examples of these interventions include specific types of cytotoxic chemotherapy, radiation, or vaccine therapy. Therefore, the systematic evaluation of TIL and specific populations of TIL may be able to both guide prognosis and the appropriate sequencing of therapies in breast cancer.
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      headline:Clinical significance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in breast cancer
      description:Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) play an essential role in mediating response to chemotherapy and improving clinical outcomes in all subtypes of breast cancer. Triple negative breast cancers (TN) are most likely to have tumors with >50 % lymphocytic infiltrate, termed lymphocyte predominant breast cancer, and derive the greatest survival benefit from each 10 % increase in TIL. The majority of HER2+ breast cancers have similar level of immune infiltrate as TN breast cancer yet the presence of TILs has not shown the same survival benefit. For HER2+ breast cancers, type 1 T-cells, either increased TBET+ tumor infiltration or increased type 1 HER2-specific CD4+ T-cells in the peripheral blood, are associated with better outcomes. Hormone receptor positive HER2 negative tumors tend to have the least immune infiltrate yet are the only breast cancer subtype to show worse prognosis with increased FOXP3 regulatory T-cell infiltrate. Notably, all breast cancer subtypes have tumors with low, intermediate, or high TIL infiltrate. Tumors with high TILs may also have increased PD-L1 expression which might be the reason that TN breast cancer seems to demonstrate the most robust clinical response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy but further investigation is needed. Tumors with intermediate or low levels of pre-treatment immune infiltrate, on the other hand, may benefit from an intervention that may increase TIL, particularly type 1 T-cells. Examples of these interventions include specific types of cytotoxic chemotherapy, radiation, or vaccine therapy. Therefore, the systematic evaluation of TIL and specific populations of TIL may be able to both guide prognosis and the appropriate sequencing of therapies in breast cancer.
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