We are analyzing https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40168-015-0080-y.

Title:
Cross-fostering immediately after birth induces a permanent microbiota shift that is shaped by the nursing mother | Microbiome
Description:
Background Current research has led to the appreciation that there are differences in the commensal microbiota between healthy individuals and individuals that are predisposed to disease. Treatments to reverse disease pathogenesis through the manipulation of the gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota are now being explored. Normalizing microbiota between different strains of mice in the same study is also needed to better understand disease pathogenesis. Current approaches require repeated delivery of bacteria and large numbers of animals and vary in treatment start time. A method is needed that can shift the microbiota of predisposed individuals to a healthy microbiota at an early age and sustain this shift through the lifetime of the individual. Results We tested cross-fostering of pups within 48 h of birth as a means to permanently shift the microbiota from birth. Taxonomical analysis revealed that the nursing mother was the critical factor in determining bacterial colonization, instead of the birth mother. Data was evaluated using bacterial 16S rDNA sequences from fecal pellets and sequencing was performed on an Illumina Miseq using a 251 bp paired-end library. Conclusions The results show that cross-fostering is an effective means to induce an early and maintained shift in the commensal microbiota. This will allow for the evaluation of a prolonged microbial shift and its effects on disease pathogenesis. Cross-fostering will also eliminate variation within control models by normalizing the commensal microbiota between different strains of mice.
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Keywords {🔍}

mice, microbiota, nod, mother, pubmed, weeks, article, nursed, fecal, age, mothers, google, scholar, pups, nursing, crossfostering, analysis, shift, disease, diabetes, cas, differences, gut, figure, microbiome, microbial, significant, birth, proportions, strains, higher, prevotella, central, bacteria, bacterial, usa, birmingham, healthy, study, incidence, data, research, strain, test, weaning, based, university, mouse, groups, additional,

Topics {✒️}

/research/administration/offices/arp/comparativepathology/supportservices/pages/healthsurveillance agarose/tris-borate-edta agarose gel bio-breeding diabetes-prone rat diabetic-resistant myd88-deficient mice article download pdf full size image open access license 251 bp paired-end library long-term shift early long-lasting microbial shift cross-fostering immediately wild-type mice born low-quality read tails unweighted unifrac metrics require repeated delivery privacy choices/manage cookies long term effect nih grant c06rr020136 early-life factors shaping strain sfb-mouse-nl nursing mother-pup strain zymo research corporation taxa summary tables 16s rdna gene false discovery rate previously cross-fostered mice long-term effects segmented filamentous bacteria full access biomedical research space operational taxonomic units �longamp’ enzyme kit 16s rrna gene comprehensive cancer center base paired-end sequencing shifting disease-promoting microbiota measuring urine glucose inflamm bowel dis curr gastroenterol rep inflammatory bowel disease microbiome amplicon libraries human intestinal lumen fecal transplants lead common laboratory mice related subjects gut immune functions propose cross-fostering cross-fostering brings simply cross-fostering obese diabetic-resistant

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Is the gut flora involved in the development of type 1 diabetes?
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         description:Current research has led to the appreciation that there are differences in the commensal microbiota between healthy individuals and individuals that are predisposed to disease. Treatments to reverse disease pathogenesis through the manipulation of the gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota are now being explored. Normalizing microbiota between different strains of mice in the same study is also needed to better understand disease pathogenesis. Current approaches require repeated delivery of bacteria and large numbers of animals and vary in treatment start time. A method is needed that can shift the microbiota of predisposed individuals to a healthy microbiota at an early age and sustain this shift through the lifetime of the individual. We tested cross-fostering of pups within 48 h of birth as a means to permanently shift the microbiota from birth. Taxonomical analysis revealed that the nursing mother was the critical factor in determining bacterial colonization, instead of the birth mother. Data was evaluated using bacterial 16S rDNA sequences from fecal pellets and sequencing was performed on an Illumina Miseq using a 251 bp paired-end library. The results show that cross-fostering is an effective means to induce an early and maintained shift in the commensal microbiota. This will allow for the evaluation of a prolonged microbial shift and its effects on disease pathogenesis. Cross-fostering will also eliminate variation within control models by normalizing the commensal microbiota between different strains of mice.
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            Microbiology
            Microbial Genetics and Genomics
            Virology
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      headline:Cross-fostering immediately after birth induces a permanent microbiota shift that is shaped by the nursing mother
      description:Current research has led to the appreciation that there are differences in the commensal microbiota between healthy individuals and individuals that are predisposed to disease. Treatments to reverse disease pathogenesis through the manipulation of the gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota are now being explored. Normalizing microbiota between different strains of mice in the same study is also needed to better understand disease pathogenesis. Current approaches require repeated delivery of bacteria and large numbers of animals and vary in treatment start time. A method is needed that can shift the microbiota of predisposed individuals to a healthy microbiota at an early age and sustain this shift through the lifetime of the individual. We tested cross-fostering of pups within 48 h of birth as a means to permanently shift the microbiota from birth. Taxonomical analysis revealed that the nursing mother was the critical factor in determining bacterial colonization, instead of the birth mother. Data was evaluated using bacterial 16S rDNA sequences from fecal pellets and sequencing was performed on an Illumina Miseq using a 251 bp paired-end library. The results show that cross-fostering is an effective means to induce an early and maintained shift in the commensal microbiota. This will allow for the evaluation of a prolonged microbial shift and its effects on disease pathogenesis. Cross-fostering will also eliminate variation within control models by normalizing the commensal microbiota between different strains of mice.
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         Murine
         Maternal
         Microbiota
         Fecal
         Cross-fostering
         Type 1 diabetes
         Medical Microbiology
         Bioinformatics
         Microbial Ecology
         Microbiology
         Microbial Genetics and Genomics
         Virology
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      name:Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
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