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We are analyzing https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12974-018-1373-4.

Title:
Colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibition prevents disruption of the blood-retina barrier during chronic inflammation | Journal of Neuroinflammation
Description:
Background Microglia-associated inflammation is closely related to the pathogenesis of various retinal diseases such as uveitis and diabetic retinopathy, which are associated with increased vascular permeability. In this study, we investigated the effect of systemic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure to activation and proliferation of retinal microglia /macrophages. Methods Balb/c and Cx3cr1gfp/+ mice were challenged with LPS (1 mg/kg) daily for four consecutive days. For microglia depletion, mice were treated with colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R) inhibitor PLX5622 1 week before the first LPS challenge and until the end of the experiment. In vivo imaging of the retina was performed on days 4 and 7 after the first LPS challenge, using optical coherence tomography and fluorescein angiography. Flow cytometry analysis, retinal whole mount, and retinal sections were used to investigate microglia and macrophage infiltration and proliferation after LPS challenge. Cytokines were analyzed in the blood as well as in the retina. Data analysis was performed using unpaired t tests, repeated measures one-way ANOVA, or ordinary one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc analysis. Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn’s multiple comparison tests was used for the analysis of non-normally distributed data. Results Repeated LPS challenge led to activation and proliferation of retinal microglia, infiltration of monocyte-derived macrophages into the retina, and breakdown of the blood-retina barrier (BRB) accompanied by accumulation of sub-retinal fluid. Using in vivo imaging, we show that the breakdown of the BRB is highly reproducible but transitory. Acute but not chronic systemic exposure to LPS triggered a robust release of inflammatory mediators in the retina with minimal effects in the blood plasma. Inhibition of the CSF-1R by PLX5622 resulted in depletion of retinal microglia, suppression of cytokine production in the retina, and prevention of BRB breakdown. Conclusions These findings suggest that microglia/macrophages play an important role in the pathology of retinal disorders characterized by breakdown of the BRB, and suppression of their activation may be a potential therapeutic target for such retinopathies.
Website Age:
28 years and 1 months (reg. 1997-05-29).

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🌠 Phenomenal Traffic: 5M - 10M visitors per month


Based on our best estimate, this website will receive around 7,642,828 visitors per month in the current month.

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Keywords {🔍}

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Topics {✒️}

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WebPage:
      mainEntity:
         headline:Colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibition prevents disruption of the blood-retina barrier during chronic inflammation
         description:Microglia-associated inflammation is closely related to the pathogenesis of various retinal diseases such as uveitis and diabetic retinopathy, which are associated with increased vascular permeability. In this study, we investigated the effect of systemic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure to activation and proliferation of retinal microglia /macrophages. Balb/c and Cx3cr1gfp/+ mice were challenged with LPS (1 mg/kg) daily for four consecutive days. For microglia depletion, mice were treated with colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R) inhibitor PLX5622 1 week before the first LPS challenge and until the end of the experiment. In vivo imaging of the retina was performed on days 4 and 7 after the first LPS challenge, using optical coherence tomography and fluorescein angiography. Flow cytometry analysis, retinal whole mount, and retinal sections were used to investigate microglia and macrophage infiltration and proliferation after LPS challenge. Cytokines were analyzed in the blood as well as in the retina. Data analysis was performed using unpaired t tests, repeated measures one-way ANOVA, or ordinary one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc analysis. Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn’s multiple comparison tests was used for the analysis of non-normally distributed data. Repeated LPS challenge led to activation and proliferation of retinal microglia, infiltration of monocyte-derived macrophages into the retina, and breakdown of the blood-retina barrier (BRB) accompanied by accumulation of sub-retinal fluid. Using in vivo imaging, we show that the breakdown of the BRB is highly reproducible but transitory. Acute but not chronic systemic exposure to LPS triggered a robust release of inflammatory mediators in the retina with minimal effects in the blood plasma. Inhibition of the CSF-1R by PLX5622 resulted in depletion of retinal microglia, suppression of cytokine production in the retina, and prevention of BRB breakdown. These findings suggest that microglia/macrophages play an important role in the pathology of retinal disorders characterized by breakdown of the BRB, and suppression of their activation may be a potential therapeutic target for such retinopathies.
         datePublished:2018-12-12T00:00:00Z
         dateModified:2018-12-12T00:00:00Z
         pageStart:1
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            Inflammation
            Retina
            Microglia
            Blood-retina barrier
            CSF-1R
            Sub-retinal fluid
            Neurosciences
            Neurology
            Neurobiology
            Immunology
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      headline:Colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibition prevents disruption of the blood-retina barrier during chronic inflammation
      description:Microglia-associated inflammation is closely related to the pathogenesis of various retinal diseases such as uveitis and diabetic retinopathy, which are associated with increased vascular permeability. In this study, we investigated the effect of systemic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure to activation and proliferation of retinal microglia /macrophages. Balb/c and Cx3cr1gfp/+ mice were challenged with LPS (1 mg/kg) daily for four consecutive days. For microglia depletion, mice were treated with colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R) inhibitor PLX5622 1 week before the first LPS challenge and until the end of the experiment. In vivo imaging of the retina was performed on days 4 and 7 after the first LPS challenge, using optical coherence tomography and fluorescein angiography. Flow cytometry analysis, retinal whole mount, and retinal sections were used to investigate microglia and macrophage infiltration and proliferation after LPS challenge. Cytokines were analyzed in the blood as well as in the retina. Data analysis was performed using unpaired t tests, repeated measures one-way ANOVA, or ordinary one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc analysis. Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn’s multiple comparison tests was used for the analysis of non-normally distributed data. Repeated LPS challenge led to activation and proliferation of retinal microglia, infiltration of monocyte-derived macrophages into the retina, and breakdown of the blood-retina barrier (BRB) accompanied by accumulation of sub-retinal fluid. Using in vivo imaging, we show that the breakdown of the BRB is highly reproducible but transitory. Acute but not chronic systemic exposure to LPS triggered a robust release of inflammatory mediators in the retina with minimal effects in the blood plasma. Inhibition of the CSF-1R by PLX5622 resulted in depletion of retinal microglia, suppression of cytokine production in the retina, and prevention of BRB breakdown. These findings suggest that microglia/macrophages play an important role in the pathology of retinal disorders characterized by breakdown of the BRB, and suppression of their activation may be a potential therapeutic target for such retinopathies.
      datePublished:2018-12-12T00:00:00Z
      dateModified:2018-12-12T00:00:00Z
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      license:http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
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      keywords:
         Inflammation
         Retina
         Microglia
         Blood-retina barrier
         CSF-1R
         Sub-retinal fluid
         Neurosciences
         Neurology
         Neurobiology
         Immunology
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                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern
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                     name:Department of Clinical Research, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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                  type:Organization
                  name:Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern
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                     name:Department of Clinical Research, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Pascal Escher
            affiliation:
                  name:Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern
                  address:
                     name:Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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                  type:Organization
                  name:Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern
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                     name:Department of Clinical Research, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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            name:Martin S. Zinkernagel
            url:http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3447-2359
            affiliation:
                  name:Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern
                  address:
                     name:Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern
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                     name:Department of Clinical Research, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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            name:Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern
            address:
               name:Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern
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               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Pascal Escher
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            name:Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern
            address:
               name:Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern
            address:
               name:Department of Clinical Research, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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      name:Martin S. Zinkernagel
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      affiliation:
            name:Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern
            address:
               name:Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern
            address:
               name:Department of Clinical Research, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      email:[email protected]
PostalAddress:
      name:Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
      name:Department of Clinical Research, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
      name:Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
      name:Department of Clinical Research, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
      name:Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
      name:Department of Clinical Research, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
      name:Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
      name:Department of Clinical Research, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

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