We are analyzing https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12974-015-0358-9.

Title:
‘Medusa head ataxia’: the expanding spectrum of Purkinje cell antibodies in autoimmune cerebellar ataxia. Part 3: Anti-Yo/CDR2, anti-Nb/AP3B2, PCA-2, anti-Tr/DNER, other antibodies, diagnostic pitfalls, summary and outlook | Journal of Neuroinflammation
Description:
Serological testing for anti-neural autoantibodies is important in patients presenting with idiopathic cerebellar ataxia, since these autoantibodies may indicate cancer, determine treatment and predict prognosis. While some of them target nuclear antigens present in all or most CNS neurons (e.g. anti-Hu, anti-Ri), others more specifically target antigens present in the cytoplasm or plasma membrane of Purkinje cells (PC). In this series of articles, we provide a detailed review of the clinical and paraclinical features, oncological, therapeutic and prognostic implications, pathogenetic relevance, and differential laboratory diagnosis of the 12 most common PC autoantibodies (often referred to as ‘Medusa head antibodies’ due to their characteristic somatodendritic binding pattern when tested by immunohistochemistry). To assist immunologists and neurologists in diagnosing these disorders, typical high-resolution immunohistochemical images of all 12 reactivities are presented, diagnostic pitfalls discussed and all currently available assays reviewed. Of note, most of these antibodies target antigens involved in the mGluR1/calcium pathway essential for PC function and survival. Many of the antigens also play a role in spinocerebellar ataxia. Part 1 focuses on anti-metabotropic glutamate receptor 1-, anti-Homer protein homolog 3-, anti-Sj/inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor- and anti-carbonic anhydrase-related protein VIII-associated autoimmune cerebellar ataxia (ACA); part 2 covers anti-protein kinase C gamma-, anti-glutamate receptor delta-2-, anti-Ca/RhoGTPase-activating protein 26- and anti-voltage-gated calcium channel-associated ACA; and part 3 reviews the current knowledge on anti-Tr/delta notch-like epidermal growth factor-related receptor-, anti-Nb/AP3B2-, anti-Yo/cerebellar degeneration-related protein 2- and Purkinje cell antibody 2-associated ACA, discusses differential diagnostic aspects and provides a summary and outlook.
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Topics {✒️}

anti-voltage-gated potassium channel anti-voltage-gated calcium channel anti-voltage-gated calcium channel anti-ca/rhogtpase-activating protein 26 anti-ca/rhogtpase-activating protein 26 antibody-dependent complement-mediated cytotoxicity anti-tr/dner-specific cba full-length human dner recombinant full-length dner bin–amphiphysin–rvs beta-nap dense-core vesicle size cdr2-specific t-cell receptors biotinylated anti-tr-positive immunoglobulin promote t-cell dysfunction regulatory t-cell dysfunction anti-cdr2-specific ip assay paraneoplastic stiff-person syndrome receptor-mediated cellular entry ap-3b clathrin adaptor calcium-dependent protease calpain-2 helix leucine zipper leucine-zipper protein recognized mog-igg-related autoimmunity biotinylated gfp-dner coupled anti-glutamate receptor delta-2 anti-glutamate receptor delta-2 anti-tr-positive patients included antibody-mediated autoimmune disorders clic/geec endocytic pathway post-infectious cerebellitis called ‘chicken-wire pattern inhibiting nfbκb-dependent transcription mild long-tract involvement n-glycosylated extracellular region systematic inter-laboratory comparisons demonstrate anti-tr seropositivity article download pdf cell-mediated immune response anti-yo injected intraventricularly intrathecal anti-nb synthesis ataxic guillain-barré syndrome lymphocyte-mediated tumour immunity neuron-specific notch ligand central nervous system gaba-b-receptor antibodies anti-nb bound predominantly anti-gababr antibodies show tumor-specific killer cells c-myc-dependent transcription anti-purkinje cell antibody

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         headline:‘Medusa head ataxia’: the expanding spectrum of Purkinje cell antibodies in autoimmune cerebellar ataxia. Part 3: Anti-Yo/CDR2, anti-Nb/AP3B2, PCA-2, anti-Tr/DNER, other antibodies, diagnostic pitfalls, summary and outlook
         description:Serological testing for anti-neural autoantibodies is important in patients presenting with idiopathic cerebellar ataxia, since these autoantibodies may indicate cancer, determine treatment and predict prognosis. While some of them target nuclear antigens present in all or most CNS neurons (e.g. anti-Hu, anti-Ri), others more specifically target antigens present in the cytoplasm or plasma membrane of Purkinje cells (PC). In this series of articles, we provide a detailed review of the clinical and paraclinical features, oncological, therapeutic and prognostic implications, pathogenetic relevance, and differential laboratory diagnosis of the 12 most common PC autoantibodies (often referred to as ‘Medusa head antibodies’ due to their characteristic somatodendritic binding pattern when tested by immunohistochemistry). To assist immunologists and neurologists in diagnosing these disorders, typical high-resolution immunohistochemical images of all 12 reactivities are presented, diagnostic pitfalls discussed and all currently available assays reviewed. Of note, most of these antibodies target antigens involved in the mGluR1/calcium pathway essential for PC function and survival. Many of the antigens also play a role in spinocerebellar ataxia. Part 1 focuses on anti-metabotropic glutamate receptor 1-, anti-Homer protein homolog 3-, anti-Sj/inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor- and anti-carbonic anhydrase-related protein VIII-associated autoimmune cerebellar ataxia (ACA); part 2 covers anti-protein kinase C gamma-, anti-glutamate receptor delta-2-, anti-Ca/RhoGTPase-activating protein 26- and anti-voltage-gated calcium channel-associated ACA; and part 3 reviews the current knowledge on anti-Tr/delta notch-like epidermal growth factor-related receptor-, anti-Nb/AP3B2-, anti-Yo/cerebellar degeneration-related protein 2- and Purkinje cell antibody 2-associated ACA, discusses differential diagnostic aspects and provides a summary and outlook.
         datePublished:2015-09-17T00:00:00Z
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            Cerebellitis
            Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration
            Autoantibodies
            Purkinje cells
            Metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (mGluR1) antibodies
            Homer-3 antibodies
            Anti-Sj
            Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor 1 (ITPR1, I3PR) antibodies
            Carbonic anhydrase-related protein VIII (CARP VIII) antibodies
            Protein kinase gamma (PKCγ) antibodies
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            Anti-Yo
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            Cerebellar degeneration-related protein 2-like (CDR2L) antibodies
            Purkinje cell antibody 2 (PCA-2)
            Anti-Tr
            Delta notch-like epidermal growth factor-related receptor (DNER) antibodies
            Anti-Nb
            Anti-AP3B2
            Neuronal adaptin-like protein (beta-NAP) antibodies
            Voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC) antibodies
            Neurosciences
            Neurology
            Neurobiology
            Immunology
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      headline:‘Medusa head ataxia’: the expanding spectrum of Purkinje cell antibodies in autoimmune cerebellar ataxia. Part 3: Anti-Yo/CDR2, anti-Nb/AP3B2, PCA-2, anti-Tr/DNER, other antibodies, diagnostic pitfalls, summary and outlook
      description:Serological testing for anti-neural autoantibodies is important in patients presenting with idiopathic cerebellar ataxia, since these autoantibodies may indicate cancer, determine treatment and predict prognosis. While some of them target nuclear antigens present in all or most CNS neurons (e.g. anti-Hu, anti-Ri), others more specifically target antigens present in the cytoplasm or plasma membrane of Purkinje cells (PC). In this series of articles, we provide a detailed review of the clinical and paraclinical features, oncological, therapeutic and prognostic implications, pathogenetic relevance, and differential laboratory diagnosis of the 12 most common PC autoantibodies (often referred to as ‘Medusa head antibodies’ due to their characteristic somatodendritic binding pattern when tested by immunohistochemistry). To assist immunologists and neurologists in diagnosing these disorders, typical high-resolution immunohistochemical images of all 12 reactivities are presented, diagnostic pitfalls discussed and all currently available assays reviewed. Of note, most of these antibodies target antigens involved in the mGluR1/calcium pathway essential for PC function and survival. Many of the antigens also play a role in spinocerebellar ataxia. Part 1 focuses on anti-metabotropic glutamate receptor 1-, anti-Homer protein homolog 3-, anti-Sj/inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor- and anti-carbonic anhydrase-related protein VIII-associated autoimmune cerebellar ataxia (ACA); part 2 covers anti-protein kinase C gamma-, anti-glutamate receptor delta-2-, anti-Ca/RhoGTPase-activating protein 26- and anti-voltage-gated calcium channel-associated ACA; and part 3 reviews the current knowledge on anti-Tr/delta notch-like epidermal growth factor-related receptor-, anti-Nb/AP3B2-, anti-Yo/cerebellar degeneration-related protein 2- and Purkinje cell antibody 2-associated ACA, discusses differential diagnostic aspects and provides a summary and outlook.
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      keywords:
         Autoimmune cerebellar ataxia
         Cerebellitis
         Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration
         Autoantibodies
         Purkinje cells
         Metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (mGluR1) antibodies
         Homer-3 antibodies
         Anti-Sj
         Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor 1 (ITPR1, I3PR) antibodies
         Carbonic anhydrase-related protein VIII (CARP VIII) antibodies
         Protein kinase gamma (PKCγ) antibodies
         Anti-Ca
         Rho GTPase activating protein 26 (ARHGAP26, GRAF) antibodies
         Glutamate receptor delta2 (GluRδ2) antibodies
         Anti-Yo
         Cerebellar degeneration-related protein 2 (CDR2) antibodies
         Cerebellar degeneration-related protein 2-like (CDR2L) antibodies
         Purkinje cell antibody 2 (PCA-2)
         Anti-Tr
         Delta notch-like epidermal growth factor-related receptor (DNER) antibodies
         Anti-Nb
         Anti-AP3B2
         Neuronal adaptin-like protein (beta-NAP) antibodies
         Voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC) antibodies
         Neurosciences
         Neurology
         Neurobiology
         Immunology
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