We are analyzing https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/1751-0147-55-83.

Title:
Pup mortality in laboratory mice – infanticide or not? | Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica
Description:
Background Despite being the most commonly used mammal in biomedical research, problems with perinatal mortality in mice have received little attention and the causes of pup death are still poorly known. Females are often housed alone with their litters and since the lost pups are generally eaten, it is commonly assumed that the mother has killed them. However, more detailed observations than have been reported previously in the literature are required to establish if the cause of death is infanticide. Litter loss can only be prevented efficiently after underlying causes have been carefully investigated and interpreted. The aim of this study was to investigate if females actively kill their pups by observing the behaviour of females and pups in litters that later were lost. We used video recordings of females that lost their entire litter to observe females in detail from parturition until the pups died. In total, 10 C57BL/6 females (wildtype and the knockouts Hfe−/− and β2m−/−) were studied, housed in Makrolon II cages with or without access to a small amount of nesting material. Results Three of the females had pups that were never seen moving, and another three females had one or two pups that never moved, indicating that some pups were most likely still-born. In five females with live-born pups, detailed observations from the time when a pup was last seen moving until it died were possible to carry out. We observed females eating dead offspring and interacting with both moving and dead pups. However, we never observed a pup stop moving when manipulated by the female, nor were any wounds seen in the pups. Hence, we found no evidence of infanticide when studying females that had lost their entire litter. Conclusion These results suggest that other causes than infanticide plays a major role in mouse pup death, and stress the need for more systematic and careful investigations of the causality of litter loss.
Website Age:
28 years and 1 months (reg. 1997-05-29).

Matching Content Categories {📚}

Education
Pets
Dating & Relationships

Content Management System {📝}

What CMS is link.springer.com built with?

Custom-built

No common CMS systems were detected on Link.springer.com, and no known web development framework was identified.

Traffic Estimate {📈}

What is the average monthly size of link.springer.com audience?

🌠 Phenomenal Traffic: 5M - 10M visitors per month

Based on our best estimate, this website will receive around 5,000,019 visitors per month in the current month.
However, some sources were not loaded, we suggest to reload the page to get complete results.

check SE Ranking
check Ahrefs
check Similarweb
check Ubersuggest
check Semrush

How Does Link.springer.com Make Money? {💸}

We don't see any clear sign of profit-making.

Not all websites focus on profit; some are designed to educate, connect people, or share useful tools. People create websites for numerous reasons. And this could be one such example. Link.springer.com has a secret sauce for making money, but we can't detect it yet.

Keywords {🔍}

pups, pup, females, female, nest, moving, birth, article, mice, study, google, scholar, time, behaviour, parturition, infanticide, dead, observations, min, observed, mortality, litter, authors, figure, laboratory, recordings, animals, movement, detailed, cage, pubmed, death, video, studies, anim, research, mother, loss, mouse, recorded, lying, mouth, number, born, original, interactions, cas, access, killed, found,

Topics {✒️}

rtn=views/measplot&brieflook=14943&userhilite=balb/cj research grant pocti/nse/45352/2002 article download pdf full size image swedish research council longman group limited nogueira-filho slg privacy choices/manage cookies related subjects normal husbandry routines high perinatal mortality authors’ original file livest prod sci pritchett-corning kr full access mortality occurred unintentionally early kit mortality describe maternal behaviour european economic area life history characteristics turn increases costs autoclaved tap water ikegami icd-47e panasonic ag-tl750e differing sexual experience johns hopkins center diminished mhc class congenital murine toxoplasmosis exp clin med mixed lymphocyte-reaction vom saal fs afr vet assoc vet res comm ana catarina castro behavioural ecology perspective formosan wood mice reciprocal hybrid mice cd-1 albino mice swedish university reduce animal suffering mouse consomic strains poor video quality low video quality post mortem examination intact amniotic sac t-cell activities exploiting genetic divergence conditions privacy policy successful mouse breeding biomed central

Questions {❓}

Baumans V: Use of animals in experimental research: an ethical dilemma?
Edwards SA: Perinatal mortality in the pig: environmental or physiological solutions?
Mellor DJ, Diesch TJ, Johnson CB: When do mammalian young become sentient?
Pup mortality in laboratory mice – infanticide or not?
Pup mortality in laboratory mice – infanticide or not?
The scent of infanticide risk?
Org/db/qp?

Schema {🗺️}

WebPage:
      mainEntity:
         headline:Pup mortality in laboratory mice – infanticide or not?
         description:Despite being the most commonly used mammal in biomedical research, problems with perinatal mortality in mice have received little attention and the causes of pup death are still poorly known. Females are often housed alone with their litters and since the lost pups are generally eaten, it is commonly assumed that the mother has killed them. However, more detailed observations than have been reported previously in the literature are required to establish if the cause of death is infanticide. Litter loss can only be prevented efficiently after underlying causes have been carefully investigated and interpreted. The aim of this study was to investigate if females actively kill their pups by observing the behaviour of females and pups in litters that later were lost. We used video recordings of females that lost their entire litter to observe females in detail from parturition until the pups died. In total, 10 C57BL/6 females (wildtype and the knockouts Hfe−/− and β2m−/−) were studied, housed in Makrolon II cages with or without access to a small amount of nesting material. Three of the females had pups that were never seen moving, and another three females had one or two pups that never moved, indicating that some pups were most likely still-born. In five females with live-born pups, detailed observations from the time when a pup was last seen moving until it died were possible to carry out. We observed females eating dead offspring and interacting with both moving and dead pups. However, we never observed a pup stop moving when manipulated by the female, nor were any wounds seen in the pups. Hence, we found no evidence of infanticide when studying females that had lost their entire litter. These results suggest that other causes than infanticide plays a major role in mouse pup death, and stress the need for more systematic and careful investigations of the causality of litter loss.
         datePublished:2013-11-20T00:00:00Z
         dateModified:2013-11-20T00:00:00Z
         pageStart:1
         pageEnd:8
         license:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0
         sameAs:https://doi.org/10.1186/1751-0147-55-83
         keywords:
            Perinatal mortality
            Maternal behaviour
            Laboratory mice
            Infanticide
            Cannibalism
            Veterinary Medicine/Veterinary Science
            Animal Anatomy / Morphology / Histology
         image:
            https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2F1751-0147-55-83/MediaObjects/13028_2013_Article_913_Fig1_HTML.jpg
            https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2F1751-0147-55-83/MediaObjects/13028_2013_Article_913_Fig2_HTML.jpg
            https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2F1751-0147-55-83/MediaObjects/13028_2013_Article_913_Fig3_HTML.jpg
            https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2F1751-0147-55-83/MediaObjects/13028_2013_Article_913_Fig4_HTML.jpg
            https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2F1751-0147-55-83/MediaObjects/13028_2013_Article_913_Fig5_HTML.jpg
         isPartOf:
            name:Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica
            issn:
               1751-0147
            volumeNumber:55
            type:
               Periodical
               PublicationVolume
         publisher:
            name:BioMed Central
            logo:
               url:https://www.springernature.com/app-sn/public/images/logo-springernature.png
               type:ImageObject
            type:Organization
         author:
               name:Elin M Weber
               affiliation:
                     name:Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
                     address:
                        name:Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skara, Sweden
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:Universidade do Porto
                     address:
                        name:Laboratory Animal Science, IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               email:[email protected]
               type:Person
               name:Bo Algers
               affiliation:
                     name:Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
                     address:
                        name:Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skara, Sweden
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Jan Hultgren
               affiliation:
                     name:Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
                     address:
                        name:Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skara, Sweden
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:I Anna S Olsson
               affiliation:
                     name:Universidade do Porto
                     address:
                        name:Laboratory Animal Science, IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
         isAccessibleForFree:1
         type:ScholarlyArticle
      context:https://schema.org
ScholarlyArticle:
      headline:Pup mortality in laboratory mice – infanticide or not?
      description:Despite being the most commonly used mammal in biomedical research, problems with perinatal mortality in mice have received little attention and the causes of pup death are still poorly known. Females are often housed alone with their litters and since the lost pups are generally eaten, it is commonly assumed that the mother has killed them. However, more detailed observations than have been reported previously in the literature are required to establish if the cause of death is infanticide. Litter loss can only be prevented efficiently after underlying causes have been carefully investigated and interpreted. The aim of this study was to investigate if females actively kill their pups by observing the behaviour of females and pups in litters that later were lost. We used video recordings of females that lost their entire litter to observe females in detail from parturition until the pups died. In total, 10 C57BL/6 females (wildtype and the knockouts Hfe−/− and β2m−/−) were studied, housed in Makrolon II cages with or without access to a small amount of nesting material. Three of the females had pups that were never seen moving, and another three females had one or two pups that never moved, indicating that some pups were most likely still-born. In five females with live-born pups, detailed observations from the time when a pup was last seen moving until it died were possible to carry out. We observed females eating dead offspring and interacting with both moving and dead pups. However, we never observed a pup stop moving when manipulated by the female, nor were any wounds seen in the pups. Hence, we found no evidence of infanticide when studying females that had lost their entire litter. These results suggest that other causes than infanticide plays a major role in mouse pup death, and stress the need for more systematic and careful investigations of the causality of litter loss.
      datePublished:2013-11-20T00:00:00Z
      dateModified:2013-11-20T00:00:00Z
      pageStart:1
      pageEnd:8
      license:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0
      sameAs:https://doi.org/10.1186/1751-0147-55-83
      keywords:
         Perinatal mortality
         Maternal behaviour
         Laboratory mice
         Infanticide
         Cannibalism
         Veterinary Medicine/Veterinary Science
         Animal Anatomy / Morphology / Histology
      image:
         https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2F1751-0147-55-83/MediaObjects/13028_2013_Article_913_Fig1_HTML.jpg
         https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2F1751-0147-55-83/MediaObjects/13028_2013_Article_913_Fig2_HTML.jpg
         https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2F1751-0147-55-83/MediaObjects/13028_2013_Article_913_Fig3_HTML.jpg
         https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2F1751-0147-55-83/MediaObjects/13028_2013_Article_913_Fig4_HTML.jpg
         https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2F1751-0147-55-83/MediaObjects/13028_2013_Article_913_Fig5_HTML.jpg
      isPartOf:
         name:Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica
         issn:
            1751-0147
         volumeNumber:55
         type:
            Periodical
            PublicationVolume
      publisher:
         name:BioMed Central
         logo:
            url:https://www.springernature.com/app-sn/public/images/logo-springernature.png
            type:ImageObject
         type:Organization
      author:
            name:Elin M Weber
            affiliation:
                  name:Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
                  address:
                     name:Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skara, Sweden
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Universidade do Porto
                  address:
                     name:Laboratory Animal Science, IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            email:[email protected]
            type:Person
            name:Bo Algers
            affiliation:
                  name:Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
                  address:
                     name:Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skara, Sweden
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Jan Hultgren
            affiliation:
                  name:Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
                  address:
                     name:Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skara, Sweden
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:I Anna S Olsson
            affiliation:
                  name:Universidade do Porto
                  address:
                     name:Laboratory Animal Science, IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
      isAccessibleForFree:1
["Periodical","PublicationVolume"]:
      name:Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica
      issn:
         1751-0147
      volumeNumber:55
Organization:
      name:BioMed Central
      logo:
         url:https://www.springernature.com/app-sn/public/images/logo-springernature.png
         type:ImageObject
      name:Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
      address:
         name:Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skara, Sweden
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Universidade do Porto
      address:
         name:Laboratory Animal Science, IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
      address:
         name:Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skara, Sweden
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
      address:
         name:Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skara, Sweden
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Universidade do Porto
      address:
         name:Laboratory Animal Science, IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
         type:PostalAddress
ImageObject:
      url:https://www.springernature.com/app-sn/public/images/logo-springernature.png
Person:
      name:Elin M Weber
      affiliation:
            name:Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
            address:
               name:Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skara, Sweden
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Universidade do Porto
            address:
               name:Laboratory Animal Science, IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      email:[email protected]
      name:Bo Algers
      affiliation:
            name:Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
            address:
               name:Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skara, Sweden
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Jan Hultgren
      affiliation:
            name:Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
            address:
               name:Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skara, Sweden
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:I Anna S Olsson
      affiliation:
            name:Universidade do Porto
            address:
               name:Laboratory Animal Science, IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
PostalAddress:
      name:Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skara, Sweden
      name:Laboratory Animal Science, IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
      name:Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skara, Sweden
      name:Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skara, Sweden
      name:Laboratory Animal Science, IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal

External Links {🔗}(106)

Analytics and Tracking {📊}

Google Tag Manager

Libraries {📚}

Clipboard.js
Prism.js

CDN Services {📦}

Crossref

4.16s.

LINK . SPRINGER . COM {}