We are analyzing https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/1743-0003-8-24.

Title:
Brain-computer interfacing using modulations of alpha activity induced by covert shifts of attention | Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation
Description:
Background Visual brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) often yield high performance only when targets are fixated with the eyes. Furthermore, many paradigms use intense visual stimulation, which can be irritating especially in long BCI sessions. However, BCIs can more directly directly tap the neural processes underlying visual attention. Covert shifts of visual attention induce changes in oscillatory alpha activity in posterior cortex, even in the absence of visual stimulation. The aim was to investigate whether different pairs of directions of attention shifts can be reliably differentiated based on the electroencephalogram. To this end, healthy participants (N = 8) had to strictly fixate a central dot and covertly shift visual attention to one out of six cued directions. Results Covert attention shifts induced a prolonged alpha synchronization over posterior electrode sites (PO and O electrodes). Spectral changes had specific topographies so that different pairs of directions could be differentiated. There was substantial variation across participants with respect to the direction pairs that could be reliably classified. Mean accuracy for the best-classifiable pair amounted to 74.6%. Furthermore, an alpha power index obtained during a relaxation measurement showed to be predictive of peak BCI performance (r = .66). Conclusions Results confirm posterior alpha power modulations as a viable input modality for gaze-independent EEG-based BCIs. The pair of directions yielding optimal performance varies across participants. Consequently, participants with low control for standard directions such as left-right might resort to other pairs of directions including top and bottom. Additionally, a simple alpha index was shown to predict prospective BCI performance.
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Keywords {🔍}

attention, classification, alpha, bci, directions, performance, participants, visual, google, scholar, article, figure, shifts, left, accuracy, target, hemisphere, pubmed, electrode, covert, power, participant, data, pair, spatial, electrodes, eeg, braincomputer, blankertz, based, trials, activity, results, sites, control, significant, study, authors, brain, cue, neural, posterior, shift, obtained, peak, interface, treder, bcis, pairs, synchronization,

Topics {✒️}

erp-based brain-computer interface online brain-computer interface current source density dimensional brain-computer interfaces outer ten-fold cross-validation brain-computer interface based radboud university nijmegen gaze-independent eeg-based bcis visual gaze-independent spellers brain-computer interfaces subject-specific spatial patterns brain-computer interface brain computer interface yellow-red pie slices paired-samples t-test van gerven ma article download pdf visual search task brain-computer interfacing parieto-occipital electrode sites alpha-band eeg synchronization van gerven van erp jbf brain-computer communication machine-learning based royal statist soc authors’ original file smr-based bci performance privacy choices/manage cookies full size image real-time eeg analysis ali bahramisharif gaze-independent bcis event-related potentials post-stimulus activity initial analyses revealed yield distinctive patterns event-related activity oscillatory gamma-band intense visual stimulation visual stimulation sequence electrode pair po3-po4 fold cross-validation yield optimal performance significant methodological differences induce distinctive patterns event-related potential visual attention induce covert visual attention posterior alpha power

Questions {❓}

Bianchi L, Sami S, Hillebrand A, Fawcett IP, Quitadamo LR, Seri S: Which physiological components are more suitable for visual ERP based brain-computer interface?
Brunner P, Joshi S, Briskin S, Wolpaw JR, Bischof H, Schalk G: Does the "P300" Speller Depend on Eye Gaze?

Schema {🗺️}

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         headline:Brain-computer interfacing using modulations of alpha activity induced by covert shifts of attention
         description:Visual brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) often yield high performance only when targets are fixated with the eyes. Furthermore, many paradigms use intense visual stimulation, which can be irritating especially in long BCI sessions. However, BCIs can more directly directly tap the neural processes underlying visual attention. Covert shifts of visual attention induce changes in oscillatory alpha activity in posterior cortex, even in the absence of visual stimulation. The aim was to investigate whether different pairs of directions of attention shifts can be reliably differentiated based on the electroencephalogram. To this end, healthy participants (N = 8) had to strictly fixate a central dot and covertly shift visual attention to one out of six cued directions. Covert attention shifts induced a prolonged alpha synchronization over posterior electrode sites (PO and O electrodes). Spectral changes had specific topographies so that different pairs of directions could be differentiated. There was substantial variation across participants with respect to the direction pairs that could be reliably classified. Mean accuracy for the best-classifiable pair amounted to 74.6%. Furthermore, an alpha power index obtained during a relaxation measurement showed to be predictive of peak BCI performance (r = .66). Results confirm posterior alpha power modulations as a viable input modality for gaze-independent EEG-based BCIs. The pair of directions yielding optimal performance varies across participants. Consequently, participants with low control for standard directions such as left-right might resort to other pairs of directions including top and bottom. Additionally, a simple alpha index was shown to predict prospective BCI performance.
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      description:Visual brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) often yield high performance only when targets are fixated with the eyes. Furthermore, many paradigms use intense visual stimulation, which can be irritating especially in long BCI sessions. However, BCIs can more directly directly tap the neural processes underlying visual attention. Covert shifts of visual attention induce changes in oscillatory alpha activity in posterior cortex, even in the absence of visual stimulation. The aim was to investigate whether different pairs of directions of attention shifts can be reliably differentiated based on the electroencephalogram. To this end, healthy participants (N = 8) had to strictly fixate a central dot and covertly shift visual attention to one out of six cued directions. Covert attention shifts induced a prolonged alpha synchronization over posterior electrode sites (PO and O electrodes). Spectral changes had specific topographies so that different pairs of directions could be differentiated. There was substantial variation across participants with respect to the direction pairs that could be reliably classified. Mean accuracy for the best-classifiable pair amounted to 74.6%. Furthermore, an alpha power index obtained during a relaxation measurement showed to be predictive of peak BCI performance (r = .66). Results confirm posterior alpha power modulations as a viable input modality for gaze-independent EEG-based BCIs. The pair of directions yielding optimal performance varies across participants. Consequently, participants with low control for standard directions such as left-right might resort to other pairs of directions including top and bottom. Additionally, a simple alpha index was shown to predict prospective BCI performance.
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         Current Source Density
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         Rehabilitation Medicine
         Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering
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