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Title:
The role of malic enzyme as the provider of NADPH in oleaginous microorganisms: a reappraisal and unsolved problems | Biotechnology Letters
Description:
Malic enzyme (ME; NADP+-dependent; EC 1.1.40) provides NADPH for lipid biosynthesis in oleaginous microorganisms. Its role in vivo depends on there being an adequate supply of NADH to drive malate dehydrogenase to convert oxaloacetate to malate as a component of a cycle of three reactions: pyruvate β oxaloacetate β malate and, by the action of ME, back to pyruvate. However, the availability of cytosolic NADH is limited and, consequently, ancillary means of producing NADPH are necessary. Stoichiometries are given for the conversion of glucose to triacylglycerols involving ME with and without the reactions of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) as an additional source of NADPH. Some oleaginous microorganisms (such as Yarrowia lipolytica), however, lack a cytosolic ME and, if the PPP is the sole provider of NADPH, the theoretical yield of triacylglycerol from glucose falls to 27.6 % (w/w) from 31.6 % when ME is present. An alternative route for NADPH generation via a cytosolic isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP+-dependent) is then discussed.
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article, google, scholar, cas, pubmed, lipid, ratledge, oleaginous, malic, enzyme, production, biotechnol, accumulation, yeast, microbiol, microorganisms, nadph, dehydrogenase, yarrowia, appl, zhang, lipolytica, isocitrate, rhodosporidium, toruloides, fatty, zhu, acid, mucor, circinelloides, characterization, zhao, privacy, cookies, content, role, biosynthesis, cytosolic, glucose, access, metabolic, engineering, metabolism, wang, chen, publish, research, search, malate, phosphate,
Topics {βοΈ}
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- Jack of all trades or master of few?
- Zhang Y, Adams IP, Ratledge C (2007) Malic enzyme: the controlling activity for lipid production?
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headline:The role of malic enzyme as the provider of NADPH in oleaginous microorganisms: a reappraisal and unsolved problems
description:Malic enzyme (ME; NADP+-dependent; EC 1.1.40) provides NADPH for lipid biosynthesis in oleaginous microorganisms. Its role in vivo depends on there being an adequate supply of NADH to drive malate dehydrogenase to convert oxaloacetate to malate as a component of a cycle of three reactions: pyruvate β oxaloacetate β malate and, by the action of ME, back to pyruvate. However, the availability of cytosolic NADH is limited and, consequently, ancillary means of producing NADPH are necessary. Stoichiometries are given for the conversion of glucose to triacylglycerols involving ME with and without the reactions of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) as an additional source of NADPH. Some oleaginous microorganisms (such as Yarrowia lipolytica), however, lack a cytosolic ME and, if the PPP is the sole provider of NADPH, the theoretical yield of triacylglycerol from glucose falls to 27.6Β % (w/w) from 31.6Β % when ME is present. An alternative route for NADPH generation via a cytosolic isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP+-dependent) is then discussed.
datePublished:2014-04-22T00:00:00Z
dateModified:2014-04-22T00:00:00Z
pageStart:1557
pageEnd:1568
sameAs:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-014-1532-3
keywords:
Glucose metabolism
Fatty acid biosynthesis
Isocitrate dehydrogenase
Lipid accumulation
Malic enzyme
Pentose phosphate pathway
Stoichiometries
Microbiology
Biotechnology
Applied Microbiology
Biochemistry
general
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headline:The role of malic enzyme as the provider of NADPH in oleaginous microorganisms: a reappraisal and unsolved problems
description:Malic enzyme (ME; NADP+-dependent; EC 1.1.40) provides NADPH for lipid biosynthesis in oleaginous microorganisms. Its role in vivo depends on there being an adequate supply of NADH to drive malate dehydrogenase to convert oxaloacetate to malate as a component of a cycle of three reactions: pyruvate β oxaloacetate β malate and, by the action of ME, back to pyruvate. However, the availability of cytosolic NADH is limited and, consequently, ancillary means of producing NADPH are necessary. Stoichiometries are given for the conversion of glucose to triacylglycerols involving ME with and without the reactions of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) as an additional source of NADPH. Some oleaginous microorganisms (such as Yarrowia lipolytica), however, lack a cytosolic ME and, if the PPP is the sole provider of NADPH, the theoretical yield of triacylglycerol from glucose falls to 27.6Β % (w/w) from 31.6Β % when ME is present. An alternative route for NADPH generation via a cytosolic isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP+-dependent) is then discussed.
datePublished:2014-04-22T00:00:00Z
dateModified:2014-04-22T00:00:00Z
pageStart:1557
pageEnd:1568
sameAs:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-014-1532-3
keywords:
Glucose metabolism
Fatty acid biosynthesis
Isocitrate dehydrogenase
Lipid accumulation
Malic enzyme
Pentose phosphate pathway
Stoichiometries
Microbiology
Biotechnology
Applied Microbiology
Biochemistry
general
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