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We are analyzing https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00415-020-10026-y.

Title:
Treatment of MOG antibody associated disorders: results of an international survey | Journal of Neurology
Description:
Introduction While monophasic and relapsing forms of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody associated disorders (MOGAD) are increasingly diagnosed world-wide, consensus on management is yet to be developed. Objective To survey the current global clinical practice of clinicians treating MOGAD. Method Neurologists worldwide with expertise in treating MOGAD participated in an online survey (February–April 2019). Results Fifty-two responses were received (response rate 60.5%) from 86 invited experts, comprising adult (78.8%, 41/52) and paediatric (21.2%, 11/52) neurologists in 22 countries. All treat acute attacks with high dose corticosteroids. If recovery is incomplete, 71.2% (37/52) proceed next to plasma exchange (PE). 45.5% (5/11) of paediatric neurologists use IV immunoglobulin (IVIg) in preference to PE. Following an acute attack, 55.8% (29/52) of respondents typically continue corticosteroids for ≄ 3 months; though less commonly when treating children. After an index event, 60% (31/51) usually start steroid-sparing maintenance therapy (MT); after ≄ 2 attacks 92.3% (48/52) would start MT. Repeat MOG antibody status is used by 52.9% (27/51) to help decide on MT initiation. Commonly used first line MTs in adults are azathioprine (30.8%, 16/52), mycophenolate mofetil (25.0%, 13/52) and rituximab (17.3%, 9/52). In children, IVIg is the preferred first line MT (54.5%; 6/11). Treatment response is monitored by MRI (53.8%; 28/52), optical coherence tomography (23.1%; 12/52) and MOG antibody titres (36.5%; 19/52). Regardless of monitoring results, 25.0% (13/52) would not stop MT. Conclusion Current treatment of MOGAD is highly variable, indicating a need for consensus-based treatment guidelines, while awaiting definitive clinical trials.
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🌠 Phenomenal Traffic: 5M - 10M visitors per month


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WebPage:
      mainEntity:
         headline:Treatment of MOG antibody associated disorders: results of an international survey
         description:While monophasic and relapsing forms of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody associated disorders (MOGAD) are increasingly diagnosed world-wide, consensus on management is yet to be developed. To survey the current global clinical practice of clinicians treating MOGAD. Neurologists worldwide with expertise in treating MOGAD participated in an online survey (February–April 2019). Fifty-two responses were received (response rate 60.5%) from 86 invited experts, comprising adult (78.8%, 41/52) and paediatric (21.2%, 11/52) neurologists in 22 countries. All treat acute attacks with high dose corticosteroids. If recovery is incomplete, 71.2% (37/52) proceed next to plasma exchange (PE). 45.5% (5/11) of paediatric neurologists use IV immunoglobulin (IVIg) in preference to PE. Following an acute attack, 55.8% (29/52) of respondents typically continue corticosteroids for ≄ 3 months; though less commonly when treating children. After an index event, 60% (31/51) usually start steroid-sparing maintenance therapy (MT); after ≄ 2 attacks 92.3% (48/52) would start MT. Repeat MOG antibody status is used by 52.9% (27/51) to help decide on MT initiation. Commonly used first line MTs in adults are azathioprine (30.8%, 16/52), mycophenolate mofetil (25.0%, 13/52) and rituximab (17.3%, 9/52). In children, IVIg is the preferred first line MT (54.5%; 6/11). Treatment response is monitored by MRI (53.8%; 28/52), optical coherence tomography (23.1%; 12/52) and MOG antibody titres (36.5%; 19/52). Regardless of monitoring results, 25.0% (13/52) would not stop MT. Current treatment of MOGAD is highly variable, indicating a need for consensus-based treatment guidelines, while awaiting definitive clinical trials.
         datePublished:2020-07-04T00:00:00Z
         dateModified:2020-07-04T00:00:00Z
         pageStart:3565
         pageEnd:3577
         sameAs:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-020-10026-y
         keywords:
            Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein
            MOG
            MOGAD
            Survey
            Neurology
            Neurosciences
            Neuroradiology
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         isPartOf:
            name:Journal of Neurology
            issn:
               1432-1459
               0340-5354
            volumeNumber:267
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               name:M. A. Lana-Peixoto
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                     name:Federal University of Minas Gerais Medical School
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                        name:CIEM MS Research Center, Federal University of Minas Gerais Medical School, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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               name:D. K. Sato
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                     name:PontifĂ­cia Universidade CatĂłlica do Rio Grande do Sul
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                        name:Instituto do CĂ©rebro do Rio Grande do Sul (InsCer), PontifĂ­cia Universidade CatĂłlica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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               name:S. Tenembaum
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                     name:National Pediatric Hospital Dr. Juan P. Garrahan
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                        name:Department of Neurology, National Pediatric Hospital Dr. Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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               name:P. Cabre
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                     name:Pierre Zobda Quitman Hospital
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                        name:Department of Neurology, Pierre Zobda Quitman Hospital, Fort-de-France, France
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               name:D. M. Wingerchuk
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                     name:Mayo Clinic
                     address:
                        name:Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:B. G. Weinshenker
               affiliation:
                     name:Mayo Clinic
                     address:
                        name:Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:B. Greenberg
               affiliation:
                     name:University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
                     address:
                        name:Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:M. Matiello
               affiliation:
                     name:Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School
                     address:
                        name:Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:E. C. Klawiter
               affiliation:
                     name:Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School
                     address:
                        name:Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:J. L. Bennett
               affiliation:
                     name:University of Colorado at Anschutz Medical Campus
                     address:
                        name:Department of Ophthalmology, University of Colorado at Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:A. I. Wallach
               affiliation:
                     name:NYU School of Medicine
                     address:
                        name:Department of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:I. Kister
               affiliation:
                     name:NYU School of Medicine
                     address:
                        name:Department of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:B. L. Banwell
               affiliation:
                     name:Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
                     address:
                        name:Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:A. Traboulsee
               affiliation:
                     name:University of British Columbia
                     address:
                        name:Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:D. Pohl
               affiliation:
                     name:Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario
                     address:
                        name:Division of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:J. Palace
               affiliation:
                     name:John Radcliffe Hospital
                     address:
                        name:Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
                        type:PostalAddress
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               type:Person
               name:M. I. Leite
               affiliation:
                     name:John Radcliffe Hospital
                     address:
                        name:Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:M. Levy
               affiliation:
                     name:Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School
                     address:
                        name:Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:R. Marignier
               affiliation:
                     name:HĂŽpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer Hospices Civils de Lyon
                     address:
                        name:Service de Neurologie, HĂŽpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:T. Solomon
               affiliation:
                     name:The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust
                     address:
                        name:Department of Neurology, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:University of Liverpool
                     address:
                        name:National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:M. Lim
               affiliation:
                     name:Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust
                     address:
                        name:Children’s Neuroscience, Evelina London Children’s Hospital, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:King’s College London
                     address:
                        name:Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:S. Huda
               affiliation:
                     name:The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust
                     address:
                        name:Department of Neurology, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:A. Jacob
               affiliation:
                     name:The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust
                     address:
                        name:Department of Neurology, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi
                     address:
                        name:Department of Neurology, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
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ScholarlyArticle:
      headline:Treatment of MOG antibody associated disorders: results of an international survey
      description:While monophasic and relapsing forms of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody associated disorders (MOGAD) are increasingly diagnosed world-wide, consensus on management is yet to be developed. To survey the current global clinical practice of clinicians treating MOGAD. Neurologists worldwide with expertise in treating MOGAD participated in an online survey (February–April 2019). Fifty-two responses were received (response rate 60.5%) from 86 invited experts, comprising adult (78.8%, 41/52) and paediatric (21.2%, 11/52) neurologists in 22 countries. All treat acute attacks with high dose corticosteroids. If recovery is incomplete, 71.2% (37/52) proceed next to plasma exchange (PE). 45.5% (5/11) of paediatric neurologists use IV immunoglobulin (IVIg) in preference to PE. Following an acute attack, 55.8% (29/52) of respondents typically continue corticosteroids for ≄ 3 months; though less commonly when treating children. After an index event, 60% (31/51) usually start steroid-sparing maintenance therapy (MT); after ≄ 2 attacks 92.3% (48/52) would start MT. Repeat MOG antibody status is used by 52.9% (27/51) to help decide on MT initiation. Commonly used first line MTs in adults are azathioprine (30.8%, 16/52), mycophenolate mofetil (25.0%, 13/52) and rituximab (17.3%, 9/52). In children, IVIg is the preferred first line MT (54.5%; 6/11). Treatment response is monitored by MRI (53.8%; 28/52), optical coherence tomography (23.1%; 12/52) and MOG antibody titres (36.5%; 19/52). Regardless of monitoring results, 25.0% (13/52) would not stop MT. Current treatment of MOGAD is highly variable, indicating a need for consensus-based treatment guidelines, while awaiting definitive clinical trials.
      datePublished:2020-07-04T00:00:00Z
      dateModified:2020-07-04T00:00:00Z
      pageStart:3565
      pageEnd:3577
      sameAs:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-020-10026-y
      keywords:
         Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein
         MOG
         MOGAD
         Survey
         Neurology
         Neurosciences
         Neuroradiology
      image:
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      isPartOf:
         name:Journal of Neurology
         issn:
            1432-1459
            0340-5354
         volumeNumber:267
         type:
            Periodical
            PublicationVolume
      publisher:
         name:Springer Berlin Heidelberg
         logo:
            url:https://www.springernature.com/app-sn/public/images/logo-springernature.png
            type:ImageObject
         type:Organization
      author:
            name:D. H. Whittam
            url:http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9430-8190
            affiliation:
                  name:The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust
                  address:
                     name:Department of Neurology, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            email:[email protected]
            type:Person
            name:V. Karthikeayan
            affiliation:
                  name:The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust
                  address:
                     name:Department of Neurology, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:E. Gibbons
            affiliation:
                  name:The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust
                  address:
                     name:Department of Neurology, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:R. Kneen
            affiliation:
                  name:Alder Hey Children’s Hospital
                  address:
                     name:Department of Paediatric Neurology, Alder Hey Children’s Hospital, Liverpool, UK
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:S. Chandratre
            affiliation:
                  name:John Radcliffe Hospital
                  address:
                     name:Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:O. Ciccarelli
            affiliation:
                  name:UCL Institute of Neurology
                  address:
                     name:Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Y. Hacohen
            affiliation:
                  name:UCL Institute of Neurology
                  address:
                     name:Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children
                  address:
                     name:Department of Paediatric Neurology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:J. de Seze
            affiliation:
                  name:CHU de Strasbourg, HĂŽpital de Hautepiere
                  address:
                     name:Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center, CHU de Strasbourg, HĂŽpital de Hautepiere, Strasbourg, France
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:K. Deiva
            affiliation:
                  name:CHU Paris-Sud, HĂŽpital de BicĂȘtre
                  address:
                     name:Department of Paediatric Neurology, CHU Paris-Sud, HĂŽpital de BicĂȘtre, Le Kremlin BicĂȘtre, France
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:R. Q. Hintzen
            affiliation:
                  name:MS Centre ErasMS, Erasmus MC
                  address:
                     name:Department of Neurology, MS Centre ErasMS, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:B. Wildemann
            affiliation:
                  name:University of Heidelberg
                  address:
                     name:Molecular Neuroimmunology Group, Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:S. Jarius
            affiliation:
                  name:University of Heidelberg
                  address:
                     name:Molecular Neuroimmunology Group, Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:I. Kleiter
            affiliation:
                  name:Ruhr University Bochum
                  address:
                     name:Department of Neurology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Behandlungszentrum Kempfenhausen fĂŒr Multiple Sklerose Kranke
                  address:
                     name:Marianne-Strauß-Klinik, Behandlungszentrum Kempfenhausen fĂŒr Multiple Sklerose Kranke, Berg, Germany
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:K. Rostasy
            affiliation:
                  name:Witten/Herdrecke University
                  address:
                     name:Department of Paediatric Neurology, Children’s Hospital Datteln, Witten/Herdrecke University, Datteln, Germany
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:P. Huppke
            affiliation:
                  name:Georg-August University
                  address:
                     name:Department of Paediatrics and Paediatric Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:B. Hemmer
            affiliation:
                  name:Technical University of Munich
                  address:
                     name:Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy)
                  address:
                     name:Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:F. Paul
            affiliation:
                  name:CharitĂ© UniversitĂ€tsmedizin Berlin
                  address:
                     name:NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, and Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, CharitĂ© UniversitĂ€tsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:O. Aktas
            affiliation:
                  name:Heinrich-Heine-UniversitĂ€t DĂŒsseldorf
                  address:
                     name:Department of Neurology, Heinrich-Heine-UniversitĂ€t DĂŒsseldorf, DĂŒsseldorf, Germany
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:A. K. Pröbstel
            affiliation:
                  name:University of California
                  address:
                     name:Department of Neurology and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:University of Basel
                  address:
                     name:Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Department of Medicine and Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:G. Arrambide
            affiliation:
                  name:Universitat AutĂČnoma de Barcelona
                  address:
                     name:Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia, Centre d’Esclerosi MĂșltiple de Catalunya, (Cemcat), Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat AutĂČnoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:M. Tintore
            affiliation:
                  name:Universitat AutĂČnoma de Barcelona
                  address:
                     name:Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia, Centre d’Esclerosi MĂșltiple de Catalunya, (Cemcat), Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat AutĂČnoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:M. P. Amato
            affiliation:
                  name:University of Florence
                  address:
                     name:Department NEUROFARBA, Neurosciences Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi
                  address:
                     name:IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Florence, Italy
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:M. Nosadini
            affiliation:
                  name:University Hospital of Padua
                  address:
                     name:Paediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:M. M. Mancardi
            affiliation:
                  name:IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute
                  address:
                     name:Department of Medical and Surgical Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:M. Capobianco
            affiliation:
                  name:University Hospital San Luigi Gonzaga
                  address:
                     name:Department of Neurology and Regional Multiple Sclerosis Centre, University Hospital San Luigi Gonzaga, Orbassano, Italy
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Z. Illes
            affiliation:
                  name:Odense University Hospital
                  address:
                     name:Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:A. Siva
            affiliation:
                  name:Istanbul University Cerrahpaßa School of Medicine
                  address:
                     name:Department of Neurology, Istanbul University Cerrahpaßa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:A. Altintas
            affiliation:
                  name:Koc University
                  address:
                     name:Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:G. Akman-Demir
            affiliation:
                  name:Bilim University
                  address:
                     name:Department of Neurology, Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:L. Pandit
            affiliation:
                  name:Nitte University
                  address:
                     name:Department of Neurology, Nitte University, Mangalore, India
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:M. Apiwattankul
            affiliation:
                  name:Prasat Neurological Institute, Ministry of Public Health
                  address:
                     name:Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Neurology, Prasat Neurological Institute, Ministry of Public Health, Bangkok, Thailand
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:J. Y. Hor
            affiliation:
                  name:Penang General Hospital
                  address:
                     name:Department of Neurology, Penang General Hospital, Penang, Malaysia
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:S. Viswanathan
            affiliation:
                  name:Ministry of Health of Malaysia
                  address:
                     name:Department of Neurology, Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Ministry of Health of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:W. Qiu
            affiliation:
                  name:The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University
                  address:
                     name:Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:H. J. Kim
            affiliation:
                  name:Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center
                  address:
                     name:Department of Neurology, Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:I. Nakashima
            affiliation:
                  name:Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University
                  address:
                     name:Department of Neurology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:K. Fujihara
            affiliation:
                  name:Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine and Southern TOHOKU Research Institute for Neuroscience
                  address:
                     name:Department of Multiple Sclerosis Therapeutics, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine and Southern TOHOKU Research Institute for Neuroscience, Koriyama, Japan
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Southern TOHOKU Research Institute for Neuroscience (STRINS)
                  address:
                     name:MS and NMO Center, Southern TOHOKU Research Institute for Neuroscience (STRINS), Koriyama, Japan
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:S. Ramanathan
            affiliation:
                  name:University of Sydney
                  address:
                     name:Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Children’s Hospital At Westmead
                  address:
                     name:Neuroimmunology Group, Kids Neuroscience Centre, Children’s Hospital At Westmead, Sydney, Australia
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:R. C. Dale
            affiliation:
                  name:University of Sydney
                  address:
                     name:Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Children’s Hospital At Westmead
                  address:
                     name:Neuroimmunology Group, Kids Neuroscience Centre, Children’s Hospital At Westmead, Sydney, Australia
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:M. Boggild
            affiliation:
                  name:Townsville Hospital
                  address:
                     name:Department of Neurology, Townsville Hospital, Townsville, Australia
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:S. Broadley
            affiliation:
                  name:Griffith University
                  address:
                     name:School of Medicine, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Mount Gravatt, Australia
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:M. A. Lana-Peixoto
            affiliation:
                  name:Federal University of Minas Gerais Medical School
                  address:
                     name:CIEM MS Research Center, Federal University of Minas Gerais Medical School, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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                  name:University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
                  address:
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            type:Person
            name:M. Matiello
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                  name:Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School
                  address:
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            type:Person
            name:E. C. Klawiter
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                  address:
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                     type:PostalAddress
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            type:Person
            name:J. L. Bennett
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                  name:University of Colorado at Anschutz Medical Campus
                  address:
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                     type:PostalAddress
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            name:A. I. Wallach
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                  name:NYU School of Medicine
                  address:
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                  name:Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
                  address:
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            name:A. Traboulsee
            affiliation:
                  name:University of British Columbia
                  address:
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            name:D. Pohl
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                  address:
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            name:J. Palace
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                  address:
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            name:S. Huda
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                  address:
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                  name:Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi
                  address:
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      name:Journal of Neurology
      issn:
         1432-1459
         0340-5354
      volumeNumber:267
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      name:MS Centre ErasMS, Erasmus MC
      address:
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         type:PostalAddress
      name:University of Heidelberg
      address:
         name:Molecular Neuroimmunology Group, Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
         type:PostalAddress
      name:University of Heidelberg
      address:
         name:Molecular Neuroimmunology Group, Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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      name:Ruhr University Bochum
      address:
         name:Department of Neurology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Behandlungszentrum Kempfenhausen fĂŒr Multiple Sklerose Kranke
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         type:PostalAddress
      name:Witten/Herdrecke University
      address:
         name:Department of Paediatric Neurology, Children’s Hospital Datteln, Witten/Herdrecke University, Datteln, Germany
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Georg-August University
      address:
         name:Department of Paediatrics and Paediatric Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Technical University of Munich
      address:
         name:Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy)
      address:
         name:Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
         type:PostalAddress
      name:CharitĂ© UniversitĂ€tsmedizin Berlin
      address:
         name:NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, and Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, CharitĂ© UniversitĂ€tsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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      name:Heinrich-Heine-UniversitĂ€t DĂŒsseldorf
      address:
         name:Department of Neurology, Heinrich-Heine-UniversitĂ€t DĂŒsseldorf, DĂŒsseldorf, Germany
         type:PostalAddress
      name:University of California
      address:
         name:Department of Neurology and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:University of Basel
      address:
         name:Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Department of Medicine and Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Universitat AutĂČnoma de Barcelona
      address:
         name:Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia, Centre d’Esclerosi MĂșltiple de Catalunya, (Cemcat), Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat AutĂČnoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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         type:PostalAddress
      name:University of Florence
      address:
         name:Department NEUROFARBA, Neurosciences Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
         type:PostalAddress
      name:IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi
      address:
         name:IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Florence, Italy
         type:PostalAddress
      name:University Hospital of Padua
      address:
         name:Paediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
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      name:IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute
      address:
         name:Department of Medical and Surgical Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
         type:PostalAddress
      name:University Hospital San Luigi Gonzaga
      address:
         name:Department of Neurology and Regional Multiple Sclerosis Centre, University Hospital San Luigi Gonzaga, Orbassano, Italy
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      name:Odense University Hospital
      address:
         name:Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Istanbul University Cerrahpaßa School of Medicine
      address:
         name:Department of Neurology, Istanbul University Cerrahpaßa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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      name:Koc University
      address:
         name:Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Bilim University
      address:
         name:Department of Neurology, Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Nitte University
      address:
         name:Department of Neurology, Nitte University, Mangalore, India
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Prasat Neurological Institute, Ministry of Public Health
      address:
         name:Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Neurology, Prasat Neurological Institute, Ministry of Public Health, Bangkok, Thailand
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      name:Penang General Hospital
      address:
         name:Department of Neurology, Penang General Hospital, Penang, Malaysia
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      address:
         name:Department of Neurology, Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Ministry of Health of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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      name:The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University
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         name:Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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      name:Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center
      address:
         name:Department of Neurology, Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University
      address:
         name:Department of Neurology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
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         name:Department of Multiple Sclerosis Therapeutics, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine and Southern TOHOKU Research Institute for Neuroscience, Koriyama, Japan
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      address:
         name:MS and NMO Center, Southern TOHOKU Research Institute for Neuroscience (STRINS), Koriyama, Japan
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      name:University of Sydney
      address:
         name:Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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      address:
         name:Neuroimmunology Group, Kids Neuroscience Centre, Children’s Hospital At Westmead, Sydney, Australia
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         name:School of Medicine, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Mount Gravatt, Australia
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      name:Federal University of Minas Gerais Medical School
      address:
         name:CIEM MS Research Center, Federal University of Minas Gerais Medical School, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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      name:PontifĂ­cia Universidade CatĂłlica do Rio Grande do Sul
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      name:Pierre Zobda Quitman Hospital
      address:
         name:Department of Neurology, Pierre Zobda Quitman Hospital, Fort-de-France, France
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         name:Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Mayo Clinic
      address:
         name:Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
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      name:University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
      address:
         name:Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
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      address:
         name:Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
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      address:
         name:Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
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         name:Department of Ophthalmology, University of Colorado at Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, USA
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         name:Department of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, USA
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      address:
         name:Department of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, USA
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      name:Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
      address:
         name:Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:University of British Columbia
      address:
         name:Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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      name:Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario
      address:
         name:Division of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada
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      name:John Radcliffe Hospital
      address:
         name:Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
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      address:
         name:Department of Neurology, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
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      name:University of Liverpool
      address:
         name:National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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         name:Department of Neurology, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
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      name:R. Kneen
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            name:Alder Hey Children’s Hospital
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      name:S. Chandratre
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      name:O. Ciccarelli
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      name:Y. Hacohen
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            name:Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children
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      name:J. de Seze
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            name:CHU de Strasbourg, HĂŽpital de Hautepiere
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      name:K. Deiva
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            name:CHU Paris-Sud, HĂŽpital de BicĂȘtre
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               name:Department of Paediatric Neurology, CHU Paris-Sud, HĂŽpital de BicĂȘtre, Le Kremlin BicĂȘtre, France
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      name:R. Q. Hintzen
      affiliation:
            name:MS Centre ErasMS, Erasmus MC
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               name:Department of Neurology, MS Centre ErasMS, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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      name:B. Wildemann
      affiliation:
            name:University of Heidelberg
            address:
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      name:S. Jarius
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            name:University of Heidelberg
            address:
               name:Molecular Neuroimmunology Group, Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:I. Kleiter
      affiliation:
            name:Ruhr University Bochum
            address:
               name:Department of Neurology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Behandlungszentrum Kempfenhausen fĂŒr Multiple Sklerose Kranke
            address:
               name:Marianne-Strauß-Klinik, Behandlungszentrum Kempfenhausen fĂŒr Multiple Sklerose Kranke, Berg, Germany
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:K. Rostasy
      affiliation:
            name:Witten/Herdrecke University
            address:
               name:Department of Paediatric Neurology, Children’s Hospital Datteln, Witten/Herdrecke University, Datteln, Germany
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:P. Huppke
      affiliation:
            name:Georg-August University
            address:
               name:Department of Paediatrics and Paediatric Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:B. Hemmer
      affiliation:
            name:Technical University of Munich
            address:
               name:Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy)
            address:
               name:Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:F. Paul
      affiliation:
            name:CharitĂ© UniversitĂ€tsmedizin Berlin
            address:
               name:NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, and Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, CharitĂ© UniversitĂ€tsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:O. Aktas
      affiliation:
            name:Heinrich-Heine-UniversitĂ€t DĂŒsseldorf
            address:
               name:Department of Neurology, Heinrich-Heine-UniversitĂ€t DĂŒsseldorf, DĂŒsseldorf, Germany
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:A. K. Pröbstel
      affiliation:
            name:University of California
            address:
               name:Department of Neurology and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:University of Basel
            address:
               name:Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Department of Medicine and Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:G. Arrambide
      affiliation:
            name:Universitat AutĂČnoma de Barcelona
            address:
               name:Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia, Centre d’Esclerosi MĂșltiple de Catalunya, (Cemcat), Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat AutĂČnoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:M. Tintore
      affiliation:
            name:Universitat AutĂČnoma de Barcelona
            address:
               name:Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia, Centre d’Esclerosi MĂșltiple de Catalunya, (Cemcat), Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat AutĂČnoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:M. P. Amato
      affiliation:
            name:University of Florence
            address:
               name:Department NEUROFARBA, Neurosciences Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi
            address:
               name:IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Florence, Italy
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:M. Nosadini
      affiliation:
            name:University Hospital of Padua
            address:
               name:Paediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:M. M. Mancardi
      affiliation:
            name:IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute
            address:
               name:Department of Medical and Surgical Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:M. Capobianco
      affiliation:
            name:University Hospital San Luigi Gonzaga
            address:
               name:Department of Neurology and Regional Multiple Sclerosis Centre, University Hospital San Luigi Gonzaga, Orbassano, Italy
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Z. Illes
      affiliation:
            name:Odense University Hospital
            address:
               name:Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:A. Siva
      affiliation:
            name:Istanbul University Cerrahpaßa School of Medicine
            address:
               name:Department of Neurology, Istanbul University Cerrahpaßa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:A. Altintas
      affiliation:
            name:Koc University
            address:
               name:Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:G. Akman-Demir
      affiliation:
            name:Bilim University
            address:
               name:Department of Neurology, Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:L. Pandit
      affiliation:
            name:Nitte University
            address:
               name:Department of Neurology, Nitte University, Mangalore, India
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:M. Apiwattankul
      affiliation:
            name:Prasat Neurological Institute, Ministry of Public Health
            address:
               name:Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Neurology, Prasat Neurological Institute, Ministry of Public Health, Bangkok, Thailand
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:J. Y. Hor
      affiliation:
            name:Penang General Hospital
            address:
               name:Department of Neurology, Penang General Hospital, Penang, Malaysia
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:S. Viswanathan
      affiliation:
            name:Ministry of Health of Malaysia
            address:
               name:Department of Neurology, Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Ministry of Health of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:W. Qiu
      affiliation:
            name:The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University
            address:
               name:Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:H. J. Kim
      affiliation:
            name:Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center
            address:
               name:Department of Neurology, Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:I. Nakashima
      affiliation:
            name:Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University
            address:
               name:Department of Neurology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:K. Fujihara
      affiliation:
            name:Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine and Southern TOHOKU Research Institute for Neuroscience
            address:
               name:Department of Multiple Sclerosis Therapeutics, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine and Southern TOHOKU Research Institute for Neuroscience, Koriyama, Japan
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Southern TOHOKU Research Institute for Neuroscience (STRINS)
            address:
               name:MS and NMO Center, Southern TOHOKU Research Institute for Neuroscience (STRINS), Koriyama, Japan
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:S. Ramanathan
      affiliation:
            name:University of Sydney
            address:
               name:Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Children’s Hospital At Westmead
            address:
               name:Neuroimmunology Group, Kids Neuroscience Centre, Children’s Hospital At Westmead, Sydney, Australia
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:R. C. Dale
      affiliation:
            name:University of Sydney
            address:
               name:Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Children’s Hospital At Westmead
            address:
               name:Neuroimmunology Group, Kids Neuroscience Centre, Children’s Hospital At Westmead, Sydney, Australia
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:M. Boggild
      affiliation:
            name:Townsville Hospital
            address:
               name:Department of Neurology, Townsville Hospital, Townsville, Australia
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:S. Broadley
      affiliation:
            name:Griffith University
            address:
               name:School of Medicine, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Mount Gravatt, Australia
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:M. A. Lana-Peixoto
      affiliation:
            name:Federal University of Minas Gerais Medical School
            address:
               name:CIEM MS Research Center, Federal University of Minas Gerais Medical School, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:D. K. Sato
      affiliation:
            name:PontifĂ­cia Universidade CatĂłlica do Rio Grande do Sul
            address:
               name:Instituto do CĂ©rebro do Rio Grande do Sul (InsCer), PontifĂ­cia Universidade CatĂłlica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:S. Tenembaum
      affiliation:
            name:National Pediatric Hospital Dr. Juan P. Garrahan
            address:
               name:Department of Neurology, National Pediatric Hospital Dr. Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:P. Cabre
      affiliation:
            name:Pierre Zobda Quitman Hospital
            address:
               name:Department of Neurology, Pierre Zobda Quitman Hospital, Fort-de-France, France
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:D. M. Wingerchuk
      affiliation:
            name:Mayo Clinic
            address:
               name:Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:B. G. Weinshenker
      affiliation:
            name:Mayo Clinic
            address:
               name:Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:B. Greenberg
      affiliation:
            name:University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
            address:
               name:Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:M. Matiello
      affiliation:
            name:Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School
            address:
               name:Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:E. C. Klawiter
      affiliation:
            name:Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School
            address:
               name:Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:J. L. Bennett
      affiliation:
            name:University of Colorado at Anschutz Medical Campus
            address:
               name:Department of Ophthalmology, University of Colorado at Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:A. I. Wallach
      affiliation:
            name:NYU School of Medicine
            address:
               name:Department of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:I. Kister
      affiliation:
            name:NYU School of Medicine
            address:
               name:Department of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:B. L. Banwell
      affiliation:
            name:Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
            address:
               name:Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:A. Traboulsee
      affiliation:
            name:University of British Columbia
            address:
               name:Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:D. Pohl
      affiliation:
            name:Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario
            address:
               name:Division of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:J. Palace
      affiliation:
            name:John Radcliffe Hospital
            address:
               name:Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:M. I. Leite
      affiliation:
            name:John Radcliffe Hospital
            address:
               name:Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:M. Levy
      affiliation:
            name:Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School
            address:
               name:Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:R. Marignier
      affiliation:
            name:HĂŽpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer Hospices Civils de Lyon
            address:
               name:Service de Neurologie, HĂŽpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:T. Solomon
      affiliation:
            name:The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust
            address:
               name:Department of Neurology, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:University of Liverpool
            address:
               name:National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:M. Lim
      affiliation:
            name:Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust
            address:
               name:Children’s Neuroscience, Evelina London Children’s Hospital, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:King’s College London
            address:
               name:Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:S. Huda
      affiliation:
            name:The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust
            address:
               name:Department of Neurology, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:A. Jacob
      affiliation:
            name:The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust
            address:
               name:Department of Neurology, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi
            address:
               name:Department of Neurology, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
PostalAddress:
      name:Department of Neurology, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
      name:Department of Neurology, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
      name:Department of Neurology, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
      name:Department of Paediatric Neurology, Alder Hey Children’s Hospital, Liverpool, UK
      name:Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
      name:Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
      name:Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
      name:Department of Paediatric Neurology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
      name:Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center, CHU de Strasbourg, HĂŽpital de Hautepiere, Strasbourg, France
      name:Department of Paediatric Neurology, CHU Paris-Sud, HĂŽpital de BicĂȘtre, Le Kremlin BicĂȘtre, France
      name:Department of Neurology, MS Centre ErasMS, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
      name:Molecular Neuroimmunology Group, Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
      name:Molecular Neuroimmunology Group, Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
      name:Department of Neurology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
      name:Marianne-Strauß-Klinik, Behandlungszentrum Kempfenhausen fĂŒr Multiple Sklerose Kranke, Berg, Germany
      name:Department of Paediatric Neurology, Children’s Hospital Datteln, Witten/Herdrecke University, Datteln, Germany
      name:Department of Paediatrics and Paediatric Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
      name:Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
      name:Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
      name:NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, and Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, CharitĂ© UniversitĂ€tsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
      name:Department of Neurology, Heinrich-Heine-UniversitĂ€t DĂŒsseldorf, DĂŒsseldorf, Germany
      name:Department of Neurology and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA
      name:Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Department of Medicine and Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
      name:Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia, Centre d’Esclerosi MĂșltiple de Catalunya, (Cemcat), Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat AutĂČnoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
      name:Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia, Centre d’Esclerosi MĂșltiple de Catalunya, (Cemcat), Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat AutĂČnoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
      name:Department NEUROFARBA, Neurosciences Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
      name:IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Florence, Italy
      name:Paediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
      name:Department of Medical and Surgical Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
      name:Department of Neurology and Regional Multiple Sclerosis Centre, University Hospital San Luigi Gonzaga, Orbassano, Italy
      name:Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
      name:Department of Neurology, Istanbul University Cerrahpaßa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
      name:Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
      name:Department of Neurology, Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey
      name:Department of Neurology, Nitte University, Mangalore, India
      name:Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Neurology, Prasat Neurological Institute, Ministry of Public Health, Bangkok, Thailand
      name:Department of Neurology, Penang General Hospital, Penang, Malaysia
      name:Department of Neurology, Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Ministry of Health of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
      name:Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
      name:Department of Neurology, Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
      name:Department of Neurology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
      name:Department of Multiple Sclerosis Therapeutics, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine and Southern TOHOKU Research Institute for Neuroscience, Koriyama, Japan
      name:MS and NMO Center, Southern TOHOKU Research Institute for Neuroscience (STRINS), Koriyama, Japan
      name:Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
      name:Neuroimmunology Group, Kids Neuroscience Centre, Children’s Hospital At Westmead, Sydney, Australia
      name:Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
      name:Neuroimmunology Group, Kids Neuroscience Centre, Children’s Hospital At Westmead, Sydney, Australia
      name:Department of Neurology, Townsville Hospital, Townsville, Australia
      name:School of Medicine, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Mount Gravatt, Australia
      name:CIEM MS Research Center, Federal University of Minas Gerais Medical School, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
      name:Instituto do CĂ©rebro do Rio Grande do Sul (InsCer), PontifĂ­cia Universidade CatĂłlica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
      name:Department of Neurology, National Pediatric Hospital Dr. Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
      name:Department of Neurology, Pierre Zobda Quitman Hospital, Fort-de-France, France
      name:Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, USA
      name:Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
      name:Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
      name:Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
      name:Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
      name:Department of Ophthalmology, University of Colorado at Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, USA
      name:Department of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, USA
      name:Department of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, USA
      name:Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA
      name:Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
      name:Division of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada
      name:Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
      name:Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
      name:Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
      name:Service de Neurologie, HĂŽpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
      name:Department of Neurology, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
      name:National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
      name:Children’s Neuroscience, Evelina London Children’s Hospital, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
      name:Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
      name:Department of Neurology, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
      name:Department of Neurology, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
      name:Department of Neurology, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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