We are analyzing https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00414-006-0138-2.

Title:
Increase in clusterin-containing follicles in the adenohypophysis of drug abusers | International Journal of Legal Medicine
Description:
The hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenocortical (HPA) system in drug abusers may be affected due to disorders of the hypothalamic dopaminergic system. The present study investigated alterations in the adenohypophysis of middle-aged drug abusers (40–60 years of age), using clusterin-containing mixed cell-follicles as the indicator, in which clusterin (apolipoprotein J) is a multifunctional glycoprotein related to neurodegeneration. The paraffin-embedded adenohypophyses of methamphetamine and psychotropic drug abusers (n = 76) were compared with those of non-abusers (n = 82). The number of follicles was larger in drug abusers independent of the immediate cause of death, although the size was not significantly different. When cell types forming the follicles were immunohistochemically examined, drug abusers showed an increase of prolactin (PRL) cells and gonadotroph cells and a reciprocal decrease of growth hormone cells, suggesting hypofunction of dopaminergic neurons in the hypothalamus, while there was no change in the adrenocorticotropic hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone cells. These increases of the clusterin-containing follicles and PRL cells in the follicles may be related to the dysfunction of dopaminergic neurons in the hypothalamus of chronic drug abusers and may be useful for investigating drug abuse in forensic casework.
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Keywords {🔍}

google, scholar, article, pubmed, cas, drug, ishikawa, cells, pituitary, legal, abusers, clusterin, med, brain, methamphetamine, increase, follicles, zhu, dopaminergic, access, int, human, res, privacy, cookies, content, journal, research, medicine, related, hormone, neurons, effects, clin, acta, disease, university, osaka, function, publish, search, clusterincontaining, adenohypophysis, november, takaki, miyaishi, system, study, mixed, apolipoprotein,

Topics {✒️}

month download article/chapter hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis hypothalamic–pituitary adrenal axis thyroid-stimulating hormone cells anterior pituitary gland adenohypophyseal mixed cell-follicles human pituitary gland mixed amphetamine-type stimulants bao-li zhu middle-aged drug abusers psychotropic drug abusers article international journal pituitary hormone secretion investigating drug abuse pituitary gene expression full article pdf s-100 protein antiserum osaka city university hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenocortical mixed cell-follicles privacy choices/manage cookies long-term treatment diagnosis post-mortem human methamphetamine users growth hormone cells folliculo-stellate cells pituitary gland human brain injury cell types forming single-cell resolution ehime prefectural university potential drug repurposing apoptotic cell death drug abusers independent drug abusers showed chronic drug abusers medical research drug abuse d2 receptor antagonists medication-induced hyperprolactinemia multifunctional glycoprotein related related myocardial hypertrophy european economic area paraffin-embedded adenohypophyses psychiatr clin north le moal ml electron microscopical studies glycosylated albumin fragments ubiquitin-immunoreactive structures concentrated ambient particles

Questions {❓}

Dinan TG (1996) Noradrenergic and serotonergic abnormalities in depression: stress-induced dysfunction?
Strupp M, Hamann GF, Brandt T (2000) Combined amphetamine and cocaine abuse caused mesencephalic ischemia in a 16-year-old boy—due to vasospasm?

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         headline:Increase in clusterin-containing follicles in the adenohypophysis of drug abusers
         description:The hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenocortical (HPA) system in drug abusers may be affected due to disorders of the hypothalamic dopaminergic system. The present study investigated alterations in the adenohypophysis of middle-aged drug abusers (40–60 years of age), using clusterin-containing mixed cell-follicles as the indicator, in which clusterin (apolipoprotein J) is a multifunctional glycoprotein related to neurodegeneration. The paraffin-embedded adenohypophyses of methamphetamine and psychotropic drug abusers (n = 76) were compared with those of non-abusers (n = 82). The number of follicles was larger in drug abusers independent of the immediate cause of death, although the size was not significantly different. When cell types forming the follicles were immunohistochemically examined, drug abusers showed an increase of prolactin (PRL) cells and gonadotroph cells and a reciprocal decrease of growth hormone cells, suggesting hypofunction of dopaminergic neurons in the hypothalamus, while there was no change in the adrenocorticotropic hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone cells. These increases of the clusterin-containing follicles and PRL cells in the follicles may be related to the dysfunction of dopaminergic neurons in the hypothalamus of chronic drug abusers and may be useful for investigating drug abuse in forensic casework.
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