We are analyzing https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00262-008-0485-6.

Title:
Immune, endocrine, and behavioral precursors to breast cancer recurrence: a case-control analysis | Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy
Description:
A period of tumor growth precedes the clinical detection of breast cancer recurrence. We explore immune, endocrine, and behavioral parameters during this period. We conducted a phase III clinical trial in which women with surgically treated stage II/III breast cancer (N = 227) were randomized to receive a psychological intervention or assessment-only and then regularly assessed for 10 years. Patients who recurred (R, n = 48) were matched with patients remaining disease-free (DF, n = 48) on demographic and prognostic characteristics, treatment, and duration of disease-free follow-up. Data at three assessment points, occurring, on average, 17, 11, and 4 months before the recurrence was detected clinically, with equivalent time points for the disease-free group, were examined. Mixed-effects models tested for group differences in immune cell counts and function as well as endocrine and behavioral parameters. In the 17 months prior to recurrence detection, patients exhibited higher white blood cell count, neutrophil, lymphocyte, and natural killer cell counts, relative to DF patients. R patients also showed higher cortisol, worse physical functioning, fatigue, and quality of life. Follow-up analyses showed patients with local recurrences to differ from those with distant recurrence, with the former exhibiting elevated natural killer cell cytotoxicity, lymphocyte proliferative response, fatigue, pain, and emotional distress (depression, anxiety), and the latter exhibiting higher neutrophil, lymphocyte, and natural killer cell counts. Patients who would recur showed reliable biobehavioral alterations more than a year prior to their diagnosis. This novel observation may contribute to our understanding of the disease relapse processes.
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Topics {✒️}

granulocyte colony-stimulating factor month download article/chapter early-stage breast cancer mixed-effects models tested pro-cancerous immune microenvironment anti-cancer immunological strategies article cancer immunology primary breast cancer american cancer society patients remaining disease-free breast cancer research ohio state university cell-mediated cytotoxicity full article pdf related subjects case-control analysis early breast cancer privacy choices/manage cookies breast cancer recurrence exhibiting higher neutrophil natural cytotoxic activity operable breast cancer showed higher cortisol immune cell counts tumor growth precedes tumor growth time peripheral blood correlate columbia university press natural mechanisms protecting breast carcinoma golden-kreutz dm routine blood tests cancer clinical trials blood lymphocyte counts bmc cancer 1 national cancer institute european economic area worse physical functioning check access industrial testing service soft tissue sarcomas cytokine serum levels reduced mitogenic stimulation hae-chung yang instant access analyses showed patients rectal cancer patients disease relapse processes peripheral-blood lymphocytes conditions privacy policy

Questions {❓}

Balkwill F, Mantovani A (2001) Inflammation and cancer: back to Virchow?
Colozza M, Azambuja E, Cardoso F et al (2005) Proliferative markers as prognostic and predictive tools in early breast cancer: where are we now?
Demicheli R, Terenziani M, Bonadonna G (1998) Estimate of tumor growth time for breast cancer local recurrences: rapid growth after wake-up?

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         description:A period of tumor growth precedes the clinical detection of breast cancer recurrence. We explore immune, endocrine, and behavioral parameters during this period. We conducted a phase III clinical trial in which women with surgically treated stage II/III breast cancer (N = 227) were randomized to receive a psychological intervention or assessment-only and then regularly assessed for 10 years. Patients who recurred (R, n = 48) were matched with patients remaining disease-free (DF, n = 48) on demographic and prognostic characteristics, treatment, and duration of disease-free follow-up. Data at three assessment points, occurring, on average, 17, 11, and 4 months before the recurrence was detected clinically, with equivalent time points for the disease-free group, were examined. Mixed-effects models tested for group differences in immune cell counts and function as well as endocrine and behavioral parameters. In the 17 months prior to recurrence detection, patients exhibited higher white blood cell count, neutrophil, lymphocyte, and natural killer cell counts, relative to DF patients. R patients also showed higher cortisol, worse physical functioning, fatigue, and quality of life. Follow-up analyses showed patients with local recurrences to differ from those with distant recurrence, with the former exhibiting elevated natural killer cell cytotoxicity, lymphocyte proliferative response, fatigue, pain, and emotional distress (depression, anxiety), and the latter exhibiting higher neutrophil, lymphocyte, and natural killer cell counts. Patients who would recur showed reliable biobehavioral alterations more than a year prior to their diagnosis. This novel observation may contribute to our understanding of the disease relapse processes.
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         Cancer Research
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