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Title:
Evolutionary Dynamics of Large Numts in the Human Genome: Rarity of Independent Insertions and Abundance of Post-Insertion Duplications | Journal of Molecular Evolution
Description:
Abstract We determined the phylogenetic positions of 82 large nuclear pseudogenes of mitochondrial origin (numts) within the human genome. For each numt, two possibilities pertaining to its origin were considered: (1) independent insertion from the mitochondria into the nucleus, or (2) genomic duplication subsequent to the insertion. A significant increase in the rate of numt accumulation is seen after the divergence of Platyrrhini (New World monkeys) from the Catarrhini (Old World monkeys, apes and humans). By using pairwise phylogenetic analyses, we were able to demonstrate that this peak in numt accumulation is mostly the result of duplication of preexisting nuclear numts rather than the result of an increase in mitochondrial-sequence insertion. In fact, only about a third of all the numt repertoire in the human nuclear genome is due to insertions of mitochondrial sequences, the rest originated as duplications of preexisting numts. Hence, we conclude that numt insertion occurs at a much lower rate than previously reported. As expected under the assumption that genomic duplications occur at rates that are uninfluenced by content, older numts were found to be duplicated more times than recently inserted ones.
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Keywords {π}
article, numts, genome, access, content, human, privacy, cookies, journal, evolution, mitochondrial, numt, publish, search, duplications, nuclear, insertion, duplication, open, data, information, log, research, molecular, large, independent, insertions, hazkanicovo, sorek, graur, genomes, discover, springer, optional, personal, parties, policy, find, track, evolutionary, dynamics, rarity, abundance, postinsertion, cite, einat, rotem, dan, explore, phylogenetic,
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molecular evolution aims month download article/chapter human nuclear genome nuclear yeast genomes genomic duplication subsequent post-insertion duplications published human genome einat hazkani-covo article hazkani-covo mitochondrial sequences mitochondrial-sequence insertion privacy choices/manage cookies full article pdf preexisting nuclear numts european economic area post-insertion duplications genomic duplications occur conditions privacy policy check access instant access pairwise phylogenetic analyses duplication tel aviv university accepting optional cookies journal finder publish numt insertion occurs main content log mitochondrial origin article journal evolutionary dynamics article log related subjects article cite privacy policy information mitochondrial personal data preexisting numts books a large numts older numts numts colonization optional cookies manage preferences sorek graur journal publish data protection independent insertion essential cookies
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headline:Evolutionary Dynamics of Large Numts in the Human Genome: Rarity of Independent Insertions and Abundance of Post-Insertion Duplications
description:Abstract We determined the phylogenetic positions of 82 large nuclear pseudogenes of mitochondrial origin (numts) within the human genome. For each numt, two possibilities pertaining to its origin were considered: (1) independent insertion from the mitochondria into the nucleus, or (2) genomic duplication subsequent to the insertion. A significant increase in the rate of numt accumulation is seen after the divergence of Platyrrhini (New World monkeys) from the Catarrhini (Old World monkeys, apes and humans). By using pairwise phylogenetic analyses, we were able to demonstrate that this peak in numt accumulation is mostly the result of duplication of preexisting nuclear numts rather than the result of an increase in mitochondrial-sequence insertion. In fact, only about a third of all the numt repertoire in the human nuclear genome is due to insertions of mitochondrial sequences, the rest originated as duplications of preexisting numts. Hence, we conclude that numt insertion occurs at a much lower rate than previously reported. As expected under the assumption that genomic duplications occur at rates that are uninfluenced by content, older numts were found to be duplicated more times than recently inserted ones.
datePublished:
dateModified:
pageStart:169
pageEnd:174
sameAs:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00239-002-2390-5
keywords:
Numts Human genome Promiscuous DNA Gene duplicaton Pseudogenes Primates
Evolutionary Biology
Microbiology
Plant Sciences
Plant Genetics and Genomics
Animal Genetics and Genomics
Cell Biology
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1432-1432
0022-2844
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name:Einat Hazkani-Covo
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name:, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Ramat Aviv, Israel
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name:, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Ramat Aviv, Israel,
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name:Rotem Sorek
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headline:Evolutionary Dynamics of Large Numts in the Human Genome: Rarity of Independent Insertions and Abundance of Post-Insertion Duplications
description:Abstract We determined the phylogenetic positions of 82 large nuclear pseudogenes of mitochondrial origin (numts) within the human genome. For each numt, two possibilities pertaining to its origin were considered: (1) independent insertion from the mitochondria into the nucleus, or (2) genomic duplication subsequent to the insertion. A significant increase in the rate of numt accumulation is seen after the divergence of Platyrrhini (New World monkeys) from the Catarrhini (Old World monkeys, apes and humans). By using pairwise phylogenetic analyses, we were able to demonstrate that this peak in numt accumulation is mostly the result of duplication of preexisting nuclear numts rather than the result of an increase in mitochondrial-sequence insertion. In fact, only about a third of all the numt repertoire in the human nuclear genome is due to insertions of mitochondrial sequences, the rest originated as duplications of preexisting numts. Hence, we conclude that numt insertion occurs at a much lower rate than previously reported. As expected under the assumption that genomic duplications occur at rates that are uninfluenced by content, older numts were found to be duplicated more times than recently inserted ones.
datePublished:
dateModified:
pageStart:169
pageEnd:174
sameAs:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00239-002-2390-5
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Numts Human genome Promiscuous DNA Gene duplicaton Pseudogenes Primates
Evolutionary Biology
Microbiology
Plant Sciences
Plant Genetics and Genomics
Animal Genetics and Genomics
Cell Biology
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