Here's how LINK.SPRINGER.COM makes money* and how much!

*Please read our disclaimer before using our estimates.
Loading...

LINK . SPRINGER . COM {}

  1. Analyzed Page
  2. Matching Content Categories
  3. CMS
  4. Monthly Traffic Estimate
  5. How Does Link.springer.com Make Money
  6. Keywords
  7. Topics
  8. Questions
  9. Schema
  10. External Links
  11. Analytics And Tracking
  12. Libraries
  13. CDN Services

We are analyzing https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00125-014-3456-9.

Title:
Pioglitazone and bladder cancer risk: a multipopulation pooled, cumulative exposure analysis | Diabetologia
Description:
Aims/hypothesis The evidence on the association between pioglitazone use and bladder cancer is contradictory, with many studies subject to allocation bias. The aim of our study was to examine the effect of exposure to pioglitazone on bladder cancer risk internationally across several cohorts. The potential for allocation bias was minimised by focusing on the cumulative effect of pioglitazone as the primary endpoint using a time-dependent approach. Methods Prescription, cancer and mortality data from people with type 2 diabetes were obtained from six populations across the world (British Columbia, Finland, Manchester, Rotterdam, Scotland and the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink). A discrete time failure analysis using Poisson regression was applied separately to data from each centre to model the effect of cumulative drug exposure on bladder cancer incidence, with time-dependent adjustment for ever use of pioglitazone. These were then pooled using fixed and random effects meta-regression. Results Data were collated on 1.01 million persons over 5.9 million person-years. There were 3,248 cases of incident bladder cancer, with 117 exposed cases and a median follow-up duration of 4.0 to 7.4 years. Overall, there was no evidence for any association between cumulative exposure to pioglitazone and bladder cancer in men (rate ratio [RR] per 100 days of cumulative exposure, 1.01; 95% CI 0.97, 1.06) or women (RR 1.04; 95% CI 0.97, 1.11) after adjustment for age, calendar year, diabetes duration, smoking and any ever use of pioglitazone. No association was observed between rosiglitazone and bladder cancer in men (RR 1.01; 95% CI 0.98, 1.03) or women (RR 1.00; 95% CI 0.94, 1.07). Conclusions/interpretation The cumulative use of pioglitazone or rosiglitazone was not associated with the incidence of bladder cancer in this large, pooled multipopulation analysis.
Website Age:
28 years and 1 months (reg. 1997-05-29).

Matching Content Categories {📚}

  • Education
  • Health & Fitness
  • Insurance

Content Management System {📝}

What CMS is link.springer.com built with?

Custom-built

No common CMS systems were detected on Link.springer.com, and no known web development framework was identified.

Traffic Estimate {📈}

What is the average monthly size of link.springer.com audience?

🌠 Phenomenal Traffic: 5M - 10M visitors per month


Based on our best estimate, this website will receive around 5,000,019 visitors per month in the current month.
However, some sources were not loaded, we suggest to reload the page to get complete results.

check SE Ranking
check Ahrefs
check Similarweb
check Ubersuggest
check Semrush

How Does Link.springer.com Make Money? {💸}

We're unsure if the website is profiting.

Not all websites are made for profit; some exist to inform or educate users. Or any other reason why people make websites. And this might be the case. Link.springer.com could be getting rich in stealth mode, or the way it's monetizing isn't detectable.

Keywords {🔍}

cancer, bladder, exposure, pioglitazone, cumulative, diabetes, data, risk, pubmed, article, study, studies, google, scholar, effects, drug, exposed, analysis, patients, research, bias, time, smoking, centres, association, cases, cas, adjustment, year, models, allocation, manchester, centre, years, rosiglitazone, events, effect, date, drugs, health, results, men, days, university, columbia, finland, incidence, size, excluded, central,

Topics {✒️}

/news/2014–04–07/takeda-actos-jury-awards-6-billion curl=pages/news_and_events/news/2011/07/news_detail_001311 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors gov/drugs/drugsafety/ucm226214 cancer research consortium nested case-control study recent meta-analysis showed int/classifications/icd/en/ random effects meta-regression randomised controlled trial fixed effects meta-regression diabetes epidemiology unit privacy choices/manage cookies samira bell chronic disease prevention electronic supplementary material epidemiological cancer research author information authors time-dependent cumulative exposure propensity score analyses received research support sensitivity analysis excluding independent research grants adequate sample size sensitivity analyses combining population-based cohort study article levin finnish cancer registry excluding meta-analyses clinical epidemiology time-dependent terms case-control study european economic area increase sample size meta-analytic method mid-term analysis time-related biases related subjects meta-analyses figures 1 tzd introduction onwards expanded neoplasm categories cancer registry data large international analysis aggregate-level analysis nuclear transcription factor undiagnosed tumour leads actual numbers remain activities directly relate groene hart ziekenhuis bladder cancer ranged

Questions {❓}

  • Erdmann E, Dormandy JA, Massi-Benedetti M, Spanheimer R (2011) Pioglitazone and bladder cancer?

Schema {🗺️}

WebPage:
      mainEntity:
         headline:Pioglitazone and bladder cancer risk: a multipopulation pooled, cumulative exposure analysis
         description:The evidence on the association between pioglitazone use and bladder cancer is contradictory, with many studies subject to allocation bias. The aim of our study was to examine the effect of exposure to pioglitazone on bladder cancer risk internationally across several cohorts. The potential for allocation bias was minimised by focusing on the cumulative effect of pioglitazone as the primary endpoint using a time-dependent approach. Prescription, cancer and mortality data from people with type 2 diabetes were obtained from six populations across the world (British Columbia, Finland, Manchester, Rotterdam, Scotland and the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink). A discrete time failure analysis using Poisson regression was applied separately to data from each centre to model the effect of cumulative drug exposure on bladder cancer incidence, with time-dependent adjustment for ever use of pioglitazone. These were then pooled using fixed and random effects meta-regression. Data were collated on 1.01 million persons over 5.9 million person-years. There were 3,248 cases of incident bladder cancer, with 117 exposed cases and a median follow-up duration of 4.0 to 7.4 years. Overall, there was no evidence for any association between cumulative exposure to pioglitazone and bladder cancer in men (rate ratio [RR] per 100 days of cumulative exposure, 1.01; 95% CI 0.97, 1.06) or women (RR 1.04; 95% CI 0.97, 1.11) after adjustment for age, calendar year, diabetes duration, smoking and any ever use of pioglitazone. No association was observed between rosiglitazone and bladder cancer in men (RR 1.01; 95% CI 0.98, 1.03) or women (RR 1.00; 95% CI 0.94, 1.07). The cumulative use of pioglitazone or rosiglitazone was not associated with the incidence of bladder cancer in this large, pooled multipopulation analysis.
         datePublished:2014-12-07T00:00:00Z
         dateModified:2014-12-07T00:00:00Z
         pageStart:493
         pageEnd:504
         sameAs:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-014-3456-9
         keywords:
            Bladder cancer
            Epidemiology
            Meta-analysis
            Pioglitazone
            Rosiglitazone
            Thiazeolidinedione
            Internal Medicine
            Metabolic Diseases
            Human Physiology
         image:
            https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00125-014-3456-9/MediaObjects/125_2014_3456_Fig1_HTML.gif
            https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00125-014-3456-9/MediaObjects/125_2014_3456_Fig2_HTML.gif
            https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00125-014-3456-9/MediaObjects/125_2014_3456_Fig3_HTML.gif
            https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00125-014-3456-9/MediaObjects/125_2014_3456_Fig4_HTML.gif
         isPartOf:
            name:Diabetologia
            issn:
               1432-0428
               0012-186X
            volumeNumber:58
            type:
               Periodical
               PublicationVolume
         publisher:
            name:Springer Berlin Heidelberg
            logo:
               url:https://www.springernature.com/app-sn/public/images/logo-springernature.png
               type:ImageObject
            type:Organization
         author:
               name:Daniel Levin
               affiliation:
                     name:University of Dundee
                     address:
                        name:Diabetes Epidemiology Group, Population Health Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Samira Bell
               affiliation:
                     name:Ninewells Hospital & Medical School
                     address:
                        name:Renal Unit, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, UK
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               email:[email protected]
               type:Person
               name:Reijo Sund
               affiliation:
                     name:University of Helsinki
                     address:
                        name:Centre for Research Methods, Department of Social Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Sirpa A. Hartikainen
               affiliation:
                     name:University of Eastern Finland
                     address:
                        name:School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Jaakko Tuomilehto
               affiliation:
                     name:University of Helsinki
                     address:
                        name:Hjelt Institute, Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:National Institute for Health and Welfare
                     address:
                        name:Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:Danube University Krems
                     address:
                        name:Center for Vascular Prevention, Danube University Krems, Krems, Austria
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:King Abdulaziz University
                     address:
                        name:Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Eero Pukkala
               affiliation:
                     name:Finnish Cancer Registry
                     address:
                        name:Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer Research, Finnish Cancer Registry, Helsinki, Finland
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:University of Tampere
                     address:
                        name:School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Ilmo Keskimäki
               affiliation:
                     name:National Institute for Health and Welfare
                     address:
                        name:Division of Health and Social Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:University of Tampere
                     address:
                        name:School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Ellena Badrick
               affiliation:
                     name:University of Manchester
                     address:
                        name:Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Andrew G. Renehan
               affiliation:
                     name:University of Manchester
                     address:
                        name:Faculty Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Iain E. Buchan
               affiliation:
                     name:University of Manchester
                     address:
                        name:Farr Institute @ HeRC, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Samantha L. Bowker
               affiliation:
                     name:University of Alberta
                     address:
                        name:School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Jasjeet K. Minhas-Sandhu
               affiliation:
                     name:University of Alberta
                     address:
                        name:School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Zafar Zafari
               affiliation:
                     name:Vancouver Coastal Health Institute
                     address:
                        name:Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Evaluation, Vancouver Coastal Health Institute, Vancouver, Canada
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Carlo Marra
               affiliation:
                     name:University of British Colombia
                     address:
                        name:Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Jeffrey A. Johnson
               affiliation:
                     name:University of Alberta
                     address:
                        name:School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Bruno H. Stricker
               affiliation:
                     name:Erasmus MC
                     address:
                        name:Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:Erasmus MC
                     address:
                        name:Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:Inspectorate of Health Care
                     address:
                        name:Inspectorate of Health Care, The Hague, the Netherlands
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Andrè G. Uitterlinden
               affiliation:
                     name:Erasmus MC
                     address:
                        name:Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:Erasmus MC
                     address:
                        name:Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Albert Hofman
               affiliation:
                     name:Erasmus MC
                     address:
                        name:Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Rikje Ruiter
               affiliation:
                     name:Groene Hart Ziekenhuis
                     address:
                        name:Department of Internal Medicine, Groene Hart Ziekenhuis, Gouda, the Netherlands
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Catherine E. de Keyser
               affiliation:
                     name:Erasmus MC
                     address:
                        name:Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:Inspectorate of Health Care
                     address:
                        name:Inspectorate of Health Care, The Hague, the Netherlands
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Thomas M. MacDonald
               affiliation:
                     name:Ninewells Hospital & Medical School
                     address:
                        name:Medicines Monitoring Unit (MEMO), Division of Cardiovascular & Diabetes Medicine, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, UK
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Sarah H. Wild
               affiliation:
                     name:University of Edinburgh
                     address:
                        name:Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Paul M. McKeigue
               affiliation:
                     name:University of Edinburgh
                     address:
                        name:Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Helen M. Colhoun
               affiliation:
                     name:University of Dundee
                     address:
                        name:Diabetes Epidemiology Group, Population Health Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:NHS Fife
                     address:
                        name:Public Health, NHS Fife, Kirkcaldy, UK
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
         isAccessibleForFree:1
         type:ScholarlyArticle
      context:https://schema.org
ScholarlyArticle:
      headline:Pioglitazone and bladder cancer risk: a multipopulation pooled, cumulative exposure analysis
      description:The evidence on the association between pioglitazone use and bladder cancer is contradictory, with many studies subject to allocation bias. The aim of our study was to examine the effect of exposure to pioglitazone on bladder cancer risk internationally across several cohorts. The potential for allocation bias was minimised by focusing on the cumulative effect of pioglitazone as the primary endpoint using a time-dependent approach. Prescription, cancer and mortality data from people with type 2 diabetes were obtained from six populations across the world (British Columbia, Finland, Manchester, Rotterdam, Scotland and the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink). A discrete time failure analysis using Poisson regression was applied separately to data from each centre to model the effect of cumulative drug exposure on bladder cancer incidence, with time-dependent adjustment for ever use of pioglitazone. These were then pooled using fixed and random effects meta-regression. Data were collated on 1.01 million persons over 5.9 million person-years. There were 3,248 cases of incident bladder cancer, with 117 exposed cases and a median follow-up duration of 4.0 to 7.4 years. Overall, there was no evidence for any association between cumulative exposure to pioglitazone and bladder cancer in men (rate ratio [RR] per 100 days of cumulative exposure, 1.01; 95% CI 0.97, 1.06) or women (RR 1.04; 95% CI 0.97, 1.11) after adjustment for age, calendar year, diabetes duration, smoking and any ever use of pioglitazone. No association was observed between rosiglitazone and bladder cancer in men (RR 1.01; 95% CI 0.98, 1.03) or women (RR 1.00; 95% CI 0.94, 1.07). The cumulative use of pioglitazone or rosiglitazone was not associated with the incidence of bladder cancer in this large, pooled multipopulation analysis.
      datePublished:2014-12-07T00:00:00Z
      dateModified:2014-12-07T00:00:00Z
      pageStart:493
      pageEnd:504
      sameAs:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-014-3456-9
      keywords:
         Bladder cancer
         Epidemiology
         Meta-analysis
         Pioglitazone
         Rosiglitazone
         Thiazeolidinedione
         Internal Medicine
         Metabolic Diseases
         Human Physiology
      image:
         https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00125-014-3456-9/MediaObjects/125_2014_3456_Fig1_HTML.gif
         https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00125-014-3456-9/MediaObjects/125_2014_3456_Fig2_HTML.gif
         https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00125-014-3456-9/MediaObjects/125_2014_3456_Fig3_HTML.gif
         https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00125-014-3456-9/MediaObjects/125_2014_3456_Fig4_HTML.gif
      isPartOf:
         name:Diabetologia
         issn:
            1432-0428
            0012-186X
         volumeNumber:58
         type:
            Periodical
            PublicationVolume
      publisher:
         name:Springer Berlin Heidelberg
         logo:
            url:https://www.springernature.com/app-sn/public/images/logo-springernature.png
            type:ImageObject
         type:Organization
      author:
            name:Daniel Levin
            affiliation:
                  name:University of Dundee
                  address:
                     name:Diabetes Epidemiology Group, Population Health Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Samira Bell
            affiliation:
                  name:Ninewells Hospital & Medical School
                  address:
                     name:Renal Unit, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, UK
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            email:[email protected]
            type:Person
            name:Reijo Sund
            affiliation:
                  name:University of Helsinki
                  address:
                     name:Centre for Research Methods, Department of Social Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Sirpa A. Hartikainen
            affiliation:
                  name:University of Eastern Finland
                  address:
                     name:School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Jaakko Tuomilehto
            affiliation:
                  name:University of Helsinki
                  address:
                     name:Hjelt Institute, Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:National Institute for Health and Welfare
                  address:
                     name:Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Danube University Krems
                  address:
                     name:Center for Vascular Prevention, Danube University Krems, Krems, Austria
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:King Abdulaziz University
                  address:
                     name:Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Eero Pukkala
            affiliation:
                  name:Finnish Cancer Registry
                  address:
                     name:Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer Research, Finnish Cancer Registry, Helsinki, Finland
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:University of Tampere
                  address:
                     name:School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Ilmo Keskimäki
            affiliation:
                  name:National Institute for Health and Welfare
                  address:
                     name:Division of Health and Social Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:University of Tampere
                  address:
                     name:School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Ellena Badrick
            affiliation:
                  name:University of Manchester
                  address:
                     name:Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Andrew G. Renehan
            affiliation:
                  name:University of Manchester
                  address:
                     name:Faculty Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Iain E. Buchan
            affiliation:
                  name:University of Manchester
                  address:
                     name:Farr Institute @ HeRC, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Samantha L. Bowker
            affiliation:
                  name:University of Alberta
                  address:
                     name:School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Jasjeet K. Minhas-Sandhu
            affiliation:
                  name:University of Alberta
                  address:
                     name:School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Zafar Zafari
            affiliation:
                  name:Vancouver Coastal Health Institute
                  address:
                     name:Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Evaluation, Vancouver Coastal Health Institute, Vancouver, Canada
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Carlo Marra
            affiliation:
                  name:University of British Colombia
                  address:
                     name:Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Jeffrey A. Johnson
            affiliation:
                  name:University of Alberta
                  address:
                     name:School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Bruno H. Stricker
            affiliation:
                  name:Erasmus MC
                  address:
                     name:Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Erasmus MC
                  address:
                     name:Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Inspectorate of Health Care
                  address:
                     name:Inspectorate of Health Care, The Hague, the Netherlands
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Andrè G. Uitterlinden
            affiliation:
                  name:Erasmus MC
                  address:
                     name:Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Erasmus MC
                  address:
                     name:Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Albert Hofman
            affiliation:
                  name:Erasmus MC
                  address:
                     name:Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Rikje Ruiter
            affiliation:
                  name:Groene Hart Ziekenhuis
                  address:
                     name:Department of Internal Medicine, Groene Hart Ziekenhuis, Gouda, the Netherlands
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Catherine E. de Keyser
            affiliation:
                  name:Erasmus MC
                  address:
                     name:Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Inspectorate of Health Care
                  address:
                     name:Inspectorate of Health Care, The Hague, the Netherlands
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Thomas M. MacDonald
            affiliation:
                  name:Ninewells Hospital & Medical School
                  address:
                     name:Medicines Monitoring Unit (MEMO), Division of Cardiovascular & Diabetes Medicine, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, UK
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Sarah H. Wild
            affiliation:
                  name:University of Edinburgh
                  address:
                     name:Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Paul M. McKeigue
            affiliation:
                  name:University of Edinburgh
                  address:
                     name:Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Helen M. Colhoun
            affiliation:
                  name:University of Dundee
                  address:
                     name:Diabetes Epidemiology Group, Population Health Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:NHS Fife
                  address:
                     name:Public Health, NHS Fife, Kirkcaldy, UK
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
      isAccessibleForFree:1
["Periodical","PublicationVolume"]:
      name:Diabetologia
      issn:
         1432-0428
         0012-186X
      volumeNumber:58
Organization:
      name:Springer Berlin Heidelberg
      logo:
         url:https://www.springernature.com/app-sn/public/images/logo-springernature.png
         type:ImageObject
      name:University of Dundee
      address:
         name:Diabetes Epidemiology Group, Population Health Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Ninewells Hospital & Medical School
      address:
         name:Renal Unit, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, UK
         type:PostalAddress
      name:University of Helsinki
      address:
         name:Centre for Research Methods, Department of Social Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
         type:PostalAddress
      name:University of Eastern Finland
      address:
         name:School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
         type:PostalAddress
      name:University of Helsinki
      address:
         name:Hjelt Institute, Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
         type:PostalAddress
      name:National Institute for Health and Welfare
      address:
         name:Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Danube University Krems
      address:
         name:Center for Vascular Prevention, Danube University Krems, Krems, Austria
         type:PostalAddress
      name:King Abdulaziz University
      address:
         name:Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Finnish Cancer Registry
      address:
         name:Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer Research, Finnish Cancer Registry, Helsinki, Finland
         type:PostalAddress
      name:University of Tampere
      address:
         name:School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
         type:PostalAddress
      name:National Institute for Health and Welfare
      address:
         name:Division of Health and Social Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
         type:PostalAddress
      name:University of Tampere
      address:
         name:School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
         type:PostalAddress
      name:University of Manchester
      address:
         name:Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
         type:PostalAddress
      name:University of Manchester
      address:
         name:Faculty Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
         type:PostalAddress
      name:University of Manchester
      address:
         name:Farr Institute @ HeRC, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
         type:PostalAddress
      name:University of Alberta
      address:
         name:School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
         type:PostalAddress
      name:University of Alberta
      address:
         name:School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Vancouver Coastal Health Institute
      address:
         name:Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Evaluation, Vancouver Coastal Health Institute, Vancouver, Canada
         type:PostalAddress
      name:University of British Colombia
      address:
         name:Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada
         type:PostalAddress
      name:University of Alberta
      address:
         name:School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Erasmus MC
      address:
         name:Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Erasmus MC
      address:
         name:Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Inspectorate of Health Care
      address:
         name:Inspectorate of Health Care, The Hague, the Netherlands
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Erasmus MC
      address:
         name:Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Erasmus MC
      address:
         name:Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Erasmus MC
      address:
         name:Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Groene Hart Ziekenhuis
      address:
         name:Department of Internal Medicine, Groene Hart Ziekenhuis, Gouda, the Netherlands
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Erasmus MC
      address:
         name:Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Inspectorate of Health Care
      address:
         name:Inspectorate of Health Care, The Hague, the Netherlands
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Ninewells Hospital & Medical School
      address:
         name:Medicines Monitoring Unit (MEMO), Division of Cardiovascular & Diabetes Medicine, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, UK
         type:PostalAddress
      name:University of Edinburgh
      address:
         name:Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
         type:PostalAddress
      name:University of Edinburgh
      address:
         name:Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
         type:PostalAddress
      name:University of Dundee
      address:
         name:Diabetes Epidemiology Group, Population Health Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
         type:PostalAddress
      name:NHS Fife
      address:
         name:Public Health, NHS Fife, Kirkcaldy, UK
         type:PostalAddress
ImageObject:
      url:https://www.springernature.com/app-sn/public/images/logo-springernature.png
Person:
      name:Daniel Levin
      affiliation:
            name:University of Dundee
            address:
               name:Diabetes Epidemiology Group, Population Health Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Samira Bell
      affiliation:
            name:Ninewells Hospital & Medical School
            address:
               name:Renal Unit, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, UK
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      email:[email protected]
      name:Reijo Sund
      affiliation:
            name:University of Helsinki
            address:
               name:Centre for Research Methods, Department of Social Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Sirpa A. Hartikainen
      affiliation:
            name:University of Eastern Finland
            address:
               name:School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Jaakko Tuomilehto
      affiliation:
            name:University of Helsinki
            address:
               name:Hjelt Institute, Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:National Institute for Health and Welfare
            address:
               name:Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Danube University Krems
            address:
               name:Center for Vascular Prevention, Danube University Krems, Krems, Austria
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:King Abdulaziz University
            address:
               name:Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Eero Pukkala
      affiliation:
            name:Finnish Cancer Registry
            address:
               name:Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer Research, Finnish Cancer Registry, Helsinki, Finland
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:University of Tampere
            address:
               name:School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Ilmo Keskimäki
      affiliation:
            name:National Institute for Health and Welfare
            address:
               name:Division of Health and Social Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:University of Tampere
            address:
               name:School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Ellena Badrick
      affiliation:
            name:University of Manchester
            address:
               name:Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Andrew G. Renehan
      affiliation:
            name:University of Manchester
            address:
               name:Faculty Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Iain E. Buchan
      affiliation:
            name:University of Manchester
            address:
               name:Farr Institute @ HeRC, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Samantha L. Bowker
      affiliation:
            name:University of Alberta
            address:
               name:School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Jasjeet K. Minhas-Sandhu
      affiliation:
            name:University of Alberta
            address:
               name:School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Zafar Zafari
      affiliation:
            name:Vancouver Coastal Health Institute
            address:
               name:Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Evaluation, Vancouver Coastal Health Institute, Vancouver, Canada
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Carlo Marra
      affiliation:
            name:University of British Colombia
            address:
               name:Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Jeffrey A. Johnson
      affiliation:
            name:University of Alberta
            address:
               name:School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Bruno H. Stricker
      affiliation:
            name:Erasmus MC
            address:
               name:Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Erasmus MC
            address:
               name:Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Inspectorate of Health Care
            address:
               name:Inspectorate of Health Care, The Hague, the Netherlands
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Andrè G. Uitterlinden
      affiliation:
            name:Erasmus MC
            address:
               name:Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Erasmus MC
            address:
               name:Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Albert Hofman
      affiliation:
            name:Erasmus MC
            address:
               name:Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Rikje Ruiter
      affiliation:
            name:Groene Hart Ziekenhuis
            address:
               name:Department of Internal Medicine, Groene Hart Ziekenhuis, Gouda, the Netherlands
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Catherine E. de Keyser
      affiliation:
            name:Erasmus MC
            address:
               name:Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Inspectorate of Health Care
            address:
               name:Inspectorate of Health Care, The Hague, the Netherlands
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Thomas M. MacDonald
      affiliation:
            name:Ninewells Hospital & Medical School
            address:
               name:Medicines Monitoring Unit (MEMO), Division of Cardiovascular & Diabetes Medicine, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, UK
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Sarah H. Wild
      affiliation:
            name:University of Edinburgh
            address:
               name:Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Paul M. McKeigue
      affiliation:
            name:University of Edinburgh
            address:
               name:Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Helen M. Colhoun
      affiliation:
            name:University of Dundee
            address:
               name:Diabetes Epidemiology Group, Population Health Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:NHS Fife
            address:
               name:Public Health, NHS Fife, Kirkcaldy, UK
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
PostalAddress:
      name:Diabetes Epidemiology Group, Population Health Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
      name:Renal Unit, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, UK
      name:Centre for Research Methods, Department of Social Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
      name:School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
      name:Hjelt Institute, Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
      name:Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
      name:Center for Vascular Prevention, Danube University Krems, Krems, Austria
      name:Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
      name:Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer Research, Finnish Cancer Registry, Helsinki, Finland
      name:School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
      name:Division of Health and Social Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
      name:School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
      name:Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
      name:Faculty Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
      name:Farr Institute @ HeRC, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
      name:School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
      name:School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
      name:Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Evaluation, Vancouver Coastal Health Institute, Vancouver, Canada
      name:Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada
      name:School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
      name:Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
      name:Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
      name:Inspectorate of Health Care, The Hague, the Netherlands
      name:Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
      name:Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
      name:Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
      name:Department of Internal Medicine, Groene Hart Ziekenhuis, Gouda, the Netherlands
      name:Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
      name:Inspectorate of Health Care, The Hague, the Netherlands
      name:Medicines Monitoring Unit (MEMO), Division of Cardiovascular & Diabetes Medicine, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, UK
      name:Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
      name:Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
      name:Diabetes Epidemiology Group, Population Health Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
      name:Public Health, NHS Fife, Kirkcaldy, UK

External Links {🔗}(173)

Analytics and Tracking {📊}

  • Google Tag Manager

Libraries {📚}

  • Clipboard.js
  • Prism.js

CDN Services {📦}

  • Crossref

4.43s.