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Carotenoids and carotenogenesis in cyanobacteria: unique ketocarotenoids and carotenoid glycosides | Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences
Description:
Cyanobacteria grow by photosynthesis, and necessarily contain chlorophyll and carotenoids, whose main functions are light harvesting and photoprotection. In this review, we discuss the carotenoids, carotenogenesis pathways, and characteristics of carotenogenesis enzymes and genes in some cyanobacteria, whose carotenogenesis enzymes have been functionally confirmed. In these cyanobacteria, various carotenoids have been identified, including the unique ketocarotenoids, echinenone and 4-ketomyxol; and the carotenoid glycosides, myxol glycosides and oscillol diglycosides. From these findings, certain carotenogenesis pathways can be proposed. The different compositions of carotenoids among these species might be due to the presence or absence of certain gene(s), or to different enzyme characteristics. For instance, two distinct β-carotene ketolases, CrtO and CrtW, are properly used in two pathways depending on the species. One β-carotene hydroxylase, CrtR, has been identified, and its substrate specificities vary across species. At present, functionally confirmed genes have been found in only a few species, and further studies are needed.
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article, carotenoids, carotenogenesis, carotenoid, cyanobacteria, privacy, cookies, content, genes, information, publish, search, glycosides, takaichi, species, access, chapter, data, log, journal, research, life, sciences, unique, ketocarotenoids, mochimaru, pathways, biosynthesis, discover, author, springer, optional, personal, including, parties, policy, main, find, track, cellular, molecular, review, published, july, cite, explore, characteristics, enzymes, functionally, confirmed,
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distinct β-carotene ketolases month download article/chapter privacy choices/manage cookies functionally confirmed genes β-carotene hydroxylase full article pdf european economic area scope submit manuscript myxol glycosides substrate specificities vary nippon medical school conditions privacy policy carotenoid glycosides accepting optional cookies related subjects author correspondence check access instant access journal finder publish article cellular echinenone 4-ketomyxol early days privacy policy personal data natural sciences life sci books a genes article log optional cookies manage preferences main functions carotenogenesis pathways carotenogenesis enzymes functionally confirmed article number 2607 cyanobacteria grow subscription content similar content data protection essential cookies cookies skip institution subscribe article cite article takaichi journal publish information usage analysis social media
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headline:Carotenoids and carotenogenesis in cyanobacteria: unique ketocarotenoids and carotenoid glycosides
description:Cyanobacteria grow by photosynthesis, and necessarily contain chlorophyll and carotenoids, whose main functions are light harvesting and photoprotection. In this review, we discuss the carotenoids, carotenogenesis pathways, and characteristics of carotenogenesis enzymes and genes in some cyanobacteria, whose carotenogenesis enzymes have been functionally confirmed. In these cyanobacteria, various carotenoids have been identified, including the unique ketocarotenoids, echinenone and 4-ketomyxol; and the carotenoid glycosides, myxol glycosides and oscillol diglycosides. From these findings, certain carotenogenesis pathways can be proposed. The different compositions of carotenoids among these species might be due to the presence or absence of certain gene(s), or to different enzyme characteristics. For instance, two distinct β-carotene ketolases, CrtO and CrtW, are properly used in two pathways depending on the species. One β-carotene hydroxylase, CrtR, has been identified, and its substrate specificities vary across species. At present, functionally confirmed genes have been found in only a few species, and further studies are needed.
datePublished:2007-07-23T00:00:00Z
dateModified:2007-07-23T00:00:00Z
pageStart:2607
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keywords:
Carotenogenesis
carotenoid
carotenoid glycoside
cyanobacteria
echinenone
ketocarotenoid
4-ketomyxol
myxol glycoside
Cell Biology
Biomedicine
general
Life Sciences
Biochemistry
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description:Cyanobacteria grow by photosynthesis, and necessarily contain chlorophyll and carotenoids, whose main functions are light harvesting and photoprotection. In this review, we discuss the carotenoids, carotenogenesis pathways, and characteristics of carotenogenesis enzymes and genes in some cyanobacteria, whose carotenogenesis enzymes have been functionally confirmed. In these cyanobacteria, various carotenoids have been identified, including the unique ketocarotenoids, echinenone and 4-ketomyxol; and the carotenoid glycosides, myxol glycosides and oscillol diglycosides. From these findings, certain carotenogenesis pathways can be proposed. The different compositions of carotenoids among these species might be due to the presence or absence of certain gene(s), or to different enzyme characteristics. For instance, two distinct β-carotene ketolases, CrtO and CrtW, are properly used in two pathways depending on the species. One β-carotene hydroxylase, CrtR, has been identified, and its substrate specificities vary across species. At present, functionally confirmed genes have been found in only a few species, and further studies are needed.
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dateModified:2007-07-23T00:00:00Z
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Carotenogenesis
carotenoid
carotenoid glycoside
cyanobacteria
echinenone
ketocarotenoid
4-ketomyxol
myxol glycoside
Cell Biology
Biomedicine
general
Life Sciences
Biochemistry
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