We are analyzing https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00415-016-8220-2.

Title:
Cerebral microbleeds in early Alzheimer’s disease | Journal of Neurology
Description:
We hypothesize that cerebral microbleeds (CMB) in patients with different neuropsychological profiles (amnestic or non-amnestic) and MRI features of vascular damage could provide important information on the underlying pathological process in early Alzheimer’s disease. The study was performed at two trial sites. We studied 136 outpatients with cognitive decline. MRI was performed using a magnetic field of 1.5 and 3 T. Neuropsychological assessment included Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale (MoCA), Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination (ACE-R), Cambridge Cognitive Examination battery (CAMCOG) (Part 3), Clock Drawing Test, fluency test and the visual memory test (SCT). CSF was examined for standard parameters such as tau, phosphorylated tau, amyloid-β 1–40 and 42 and Qalbumin, in accordance with established protocols and genotype. In 61 patients (45 %), at least 1 CMB was found. Most of the CMBs were described in the amnestic profile (67 %). In 86 % of the cases, multiple CMB were observed. The ratio of Aβ1-40/42 in non-amnestic patients with CMB was significantly lower (mean 0.6) than in patients without CMB (mean 1.2). A notable difference in the albumin ratio as an indicator of the BBB was observed between groups with and without CMB. In the CMP-positive group, the E2 genotype was observed more frequently, and the E4 genotype less frequently, than in the CMB-negative group. Based on the cerebrospinal fluid–serum albumin ratio, we were able to show that patients with CMB present several features of BBB dysfunction. According to logistic regression, the predictive factors for CMB in patients with cognitive decline were age, WMHs score and albumin ratio. We found a significant reduction in the Aβ-amyloid ratio in the non-amnestic profile group with CMB (particularly in the cortical region) in comparison to those without CMB. While this is an interesting finding, its significance needs to be assessed in a prospective follow-up.
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pubmed, article, google, scholar, cognitive, microbleeds, disease, alzheimers, impairment, patients, cerebral, cas, mild, central, dementia, neurol, cmb, van, csf, ratio, clinical, stroke, research, neurology, cerebrospinal, biomarkers, dis, barrier, privacy, cookies, content, journal, zerr, vascular, tau, dysfunction, access, brain, liu, bloodbrain, alzheimer, function, information, publish, search, early, poliakova, mri, study, decline,

Topics {✒️}

age-related white matter blood-brain barrier dysfunction magnetic resonance imaging month download article/chapter /books/understanding-alzheimer-s-disease magnetic resonance neuroimaging increased protein-conjugated acrolein susceptibility-weighted imaging van der flier georg-august-universität göttingen vascular damage map brain microbleeds silent brain infarctions full article pdf van der lugt mild cognitive impairment privacy choices/manage cookies cognitive examination revised van gool wa cerebrospinal fluid levels subjective cognitive impairment cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers cerebrospinal fluid profiles van berckel bn small vessel disease multiple cerebral microbleeds brain microbleeds aβ-amyloid ratio amyloid -β40/42 ratio cognitive test battery schuit rc russian–german grant ethics declarations conflicts related subjects check access al-shahi salman instant access vascular cognitive impairment high amyloid-β european economic area scope submit manuscript underlying pathological process magnetic field cmp-positive group monge-argilés ja advanced periventricular leukoaraiosis cerebrospinal fluid apolipoprotein wahlund lo �stage-dependent biochemical national reference center

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Lim YY, Ellis KA, Harrington K, Pietrzak RH, Gale J, Ames D, Bush AI, Darby D, Martins RN, Masters CL, Rowe C, Savage G, Szoeke C, Villemagne VL, Maruff P (2013) Cognitive decline in adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment and high amyloid-β: prodromal Alzheimer’s disease?
Mitchell AJ, Monge-Argilés JA, Sánchez-Paya J (2010) Do CSF biomarkers help clinicians predict the progression of mild cognitive impairment to dementia?

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