We are analyzing https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00251-019-01127-8.

Title:
How does the immune system learn to distinguish between good and evil? The first definitive studies of T cell central tolerance and positive selection | Immunogenetics
Description:
Demonstration that immature CD4 + 8+ thymocytes contain T cell precursors that are subjected to positive and negative selection was the major step towards understanding how the adaptive immune system acquires the ability to distinguish foreign or abnormal (mutated or infected) self-cells from normal (healthy) cells. In the present review, the roles of TCR, CD4, CD8, and MHC molecules in intrathymic selection and some of the crucial experiments that contributed to the solution of the great immunological puzzle of self/nonself discrimination are described in an historical perspective. Recently, these experiments were highlighted by the immunological community by awarding the 2016 Novartis Prize for Immunology to Philippa Marrack, John Kappler, and Harald von Boehmer.
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28 years and 1 months (reg. 1997-05-29).

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Keywords {🔍}

cells, google, scholar, pubmed, cas, tcr, cell, kisielow, molecules, thymocytes, selection, immune, class, mhc, lymphocytes, positive, boehmer, nature, system, thymus, negative, transgenic, tolerance, antibodies, antigen, antibody, receptor, mice, specificity, development, immunol, med, article, central, immunological, kappler, exp, major, marrack, activity, expressing, allele, death, molecule, antigens, complex, boyse, peptide, access, foreign,

Topics {✒️}

t-cell antigen receptor article download pdf adaptive immunity cd4-positive molecules cross-link tcr cell central tolerance defined mhc-peptide complex mhc/peptide complex die related subjects extrathymic antigen-presenting cells transgenic mice expressing major histocompatibility complex privacy choices/manage cookies cell clones appears double-positive cd4+8+ stage female mice expressing male thymocytes recognizing genes encoding tcr cross-link tcr mutation-specific peptide specific selective factor cells’ h-2-restriction-specificity functionally distinct subpopulations programmed cell death multilayered immune system professor martin flajnik tcr transgenic males female mice bearing short dna fragments single thymocyte equipped double-positive cd4+8+ seemingly endless variety actively acquired tolerance postthymectomy autoimmune oophoritis excellent secretarial assistance rudolf weigl st 1007/s00251-019-01127-8 keywords mhc class ii mhc/peptide complexes �central tolerance immune system learn mhc molecules presenting restricting mhc molecules seemingly identical thymocytes thymocytes express tcr conditions privacy policy immunoglobulin superfamily domains emil von behring emil von behring naturally arising cd4 single-positive cd4+8

Questions {❓}

How could organisms avoid such a danger?
How does the immune system learn to distinguish between good and evil?
How does the immune system learn to distinguish between good and evil?
The fundamental question that puzzled researchers since more than a century was: How can the immune system discriminate between good and evil, and does not turn its deadly arsenal of defence against its own normal cells?
What was the role of the above-mentioned molecules in these processes?

Schema {🗺️}

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         description:Demonstration that immature CD4 + 8+ thymocytes contain T cell precursors that are subjected to positive and negative selection was the major step towards understanding how the adaptive immune system acquires the ability to distinguish foreign or abnormal (mutated or infected) self-cells from normal (healthy) cells. In the present review, the roles of TCR, CD4, CD8, and MHC molecules in intrathymic selection and some of the crucial experiments that contributed to the solution of the great immunological puzzle of self/nonself discrimination are described in an historical perspective. Recently, these experiments were highlighted by the immunological community by awarding the 2016 Novartis Prize for Immunology to Philippa Marrack, John Kappler, and Harald von Boehmer.
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         Positive and negative selection
         Self/nonself discrimination
         Immunology
         Human Genetics
         Gene Function
         Cell Biology
         Allergology
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