We are analyzing https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/bf01731581.

Title:
A simple method for estimating evolutionary rates of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences | Journal of Molecular Evolution
Description:
Some simple formulae were obtained which enable us to estimate evolutionary distances in terms of the number of nucleotide substitutions (and, also, the evolutionary rates when the divergence times are known). In comparing a pair of nucleotide sequences, we distinguish two types of differences; if homologous sites are occupied by different nucleotide bases but both are purines or both pyrimidines, the difference is called type I (or “transition” type), while, if one of the two is a purine and the other is a pyrimidine, the difference is called type II (or “transversion” type). Letting P and Q be respectively the fractions of nucleotide sites showing type I and type II differences between two sequences compared, then the evolutionary distance per site is K = — (1/2) ln {(1 — 2P — Q) }. The evolutionary rate per year is then given by k = K/(2T), where T is the time since the divergence of the two sequences. If only the third codon positions are compared, the synonymous component of the evolutionary base substitutions per site is estimated by K
Website Age:
28 years and 1 months (reg. 1997-05-29).

Matching Content Categories {📚}

Education
Science
Telecommunications

Content Management System {📝}

What CMS is link.springer.com built with?

Custom-built

No common CMS systems were detected on Link.springer.com, and no known web development framework was identified.

Traffic Estimate {📈}

What is the average monthly size of link.springer.com audience?

🌠 Phenomenal Traffic: 5M - 10M visitors per month

Based on our best estimate, this website will receive around 7,642,828 visitors per month in the current month.

check SE Ranking
check Ahrefs
check Similarweb
check Ubersuggest
check Semrush

How Does Link.springer.com Make Money? {💸}

We don't see any clear sign of profit-making.

Many websites are intended to earn money, but some serve to share ideas or build connections. Websites exist for all kinds of purposes. This might be one of them. Link.springer.com could be secretly minting cash, but we can't detect the process.

Keywords {🔍}

google, scholar, article, evolutionary, kimura, evolution, sequences, substitutions, nucleotide, type, access, privacy, cookies, content, journal, nature, information, publish, search, molecular, rates, mol, evol, site, data, log, research, simple, base, sites, synonymous, open, discover, genetics, cell, sci, usa, leder, download, springer, optional, analysis, personal, parties, policy, find, track, method, estimating, comparative,

Topics {✒️}

month download article/chapter molecular evolution aims selective intra-dinucleotide interactions amino acid-altering substitutions related subjects evolutionary distance evolutionary rate synonymous substitutions occur privacy choices/manage cookies estimate evolutionary distances full article pdf estimating evolutionary rates evolutionary base substitutions van den berg reported globin sequences european economic area check access coincident snp distribution instant access nucleotide sequences published conditions privacy policy june 1980 volume 16 mammalian protein metabolism article kimura accepting optional cookies journal finder publish synonymous component main content log usage analysis called type ii evolutionary rates type ii differences article journal evolution article log nucleotide sequences privacy policy personal data article cite books a nucleotide substitutions called type optional cookies manage preferences base substitutions time national institute sequences compared journal publish genetics

Schema {🗺️}

WebPage:
      mainEntity:
         headline:A simple method for estimating evolutionary rates of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences
         description:Some simple formulae were obtained which enable us to estimate evolutionary distances in terms of the number of nucleotide substitutions (and, also, the evolutionary rates when the divergence times are known). In comparing a pair of nucleotide sequences, we distinguish two types of differences; if homologous sites are occupied by different nucleotide bases but both are purines or both pyrimidines, the difference is called type I (or “transition” type), while, if one of the two is a purine and the other is a pyrimidine, the difference is called type II (or “transversion” type). Letting P and Q be respectively the fractions of nucleotide sites showing type I and type II differences between two sequences compared, then the evolutionary distance per site is K = — (1/2) ln {(1 — 2P — Q) }. The evolutionary rate per year is then given by k = K/(2T), where T is the time since the divergence of the two sequences. If only the third codon positions are compared, the synonymous component of the evolutionary base substitutions per site is estimated by K'S = — (1/2) ln (1 — 2P — Q). Also, formulae for standard errors were obtained. Some examples were worked out using reported globin sequences to show that synonymous substitutions occur at much higher rates than amino acid-altering substitutions in evolution.
         datePublished:
         dateModified:
         pageStart:111
         pageEnd:120
         sameAs:https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01731581
         keywords:
            Molecular evolution
            Evolutionary distance estimation
            Synonymous substitution rate
            Evolutionary Biology
            Microbiology
            Plant Sciences
            Plant Genetics and Genomics
            Animal Genetics and Genomics
            Cell Biology
         image:
         isPartOf:
            name:Journal of Molecular Evolution
            issn:
               1432-1432
               0022-2844
            volumeNumber:16
            type:
               Periodical
               PublicationVolume
         publisher:
            name:Springer-Verlag
            logo:
               url:https://www.springernature.com/app-sn/public/images/logo-springernature.png
               type:ImageObject
            type:Organization
         author:
               name:Motoo Kimura
               affiliation:
                     name:National Institute of Genetics
                     address:
                        name:National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
         isAccessibleForFree:
         hasPart:
            isAccessibleForFree:
            cssSelector:.main-content
            type:WebPageElement
         type:ScholarlyArticle
      context:https://schema.org
ScholarlyArticle:
      headline:A simple method for estimating evolutionary rates of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences
      description:Some simple formulae were obtained which enable us to estimate evolutionary distances in terms of the number of nucleotide substitutions (and, also, the evolutionary rates when the divergence times are known). In comparing a pair of nucleotide sequences, we distinguish two types of differences; if homologous sites are occupied by different nucleotide bases but both are purines or both pyrimidines, the difference is called type I (or “transition” type), while, if one of the two is a purine and the other is a pyrimidine, the difference is called type II (or “transversion” type). Letting P and Q be respectively the fractions of nucleotide sites showing type I and type II differences between two sequences compared, then the evolutionary distance per site is K = — (1/2) ln {(1 — 2P — Q) }. The evolutionary rate per year is then given by k = K/(2T), where T is the time since the divergence of the two sequences. If only the third codon positions are compared, the synonymous component of the evolutionary base substitutions per site is estimated by K'S = — (1/2) ln (1 — 2P — Q). Also, formulae for standard errors were obtained. Some examples were worked out using reported globin sequences to show that synonymous substitutions occur at much higher rates than amino acid-altering substitutions in evolution.
      datePublished:
      dateModified:
      pageStart:111
      pageEnd:120
      sameAs:https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01731581
      keywords:
         Molecular evolution
         Evolutionary distance estimation
         Synonymous substitution rate
         Evolutionary Biology
         Microbiology
         Plant Sciences
         Plant Genetics and Genomics
         Animal Genetics and Genomics
         Cell Biology
      image:
      isPartOf:
         name:Journal of Molecular Evolution
         issn:
            1432-1432
            0022-2844
         volumeNumber:16
         type:
            Periodical
            PublicationVolume
      publisher:
         name:Springer-Verlag
         logo:
            url:https://www.springernature.com/app-sn/public/images/logo-springernature.png
            type:ImageObject
         type:Organization
      author:
            name:Motoo Kimura
            affiliation:
                  name:National Institute of Genetics
                  address:
                     name:National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
      isAccessibleForFree:
      hasPart:
         isAccessibleForFree:
         cssSelector:.main-content
         type:WebPageElement
["Periodical","PublicationVolume"]:
      name:Journal of Molecular Evolution
      issn:
         1432-1432
         0022-2844
      volumeNumber:16
Organization:
      name:Springer-Verlag
      logo:
         url:https://www.springernature.com/app-sn/public/images/logo-springernature.png
         type:ImageObject
      name:National Institute of Genetics
      address:
         name:National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan
         type:PostalAddress
ImageObject:
      url:https://www.springernature.com/app-sn/public/images/logo-springernature.png
Person:
      name:Motoo Kimura
      affiliation:
            name:National Institute of Genetics
            address:
               name:National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
PostalAddress:
      name:National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan
WebPageElement:
      isAccessibleForFree:
      cssSelector:.main-content

External Links {🔗}(44)

Analytics and Tracking {📊}

Google Tag Manager

Libraries {📚}

Clipboard.js
Prism.js

CDN Services {📦}

Crossref

4.45s.

LINK . SPRINGER . COM {}