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We began analyzing https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10555-007-9064-0, but it redirected us to https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10555-007-9064-0. The analysis below is for the second page.

Title[redir]:
Regulation of tumor pH and the role of carbonic anhydrase 9 | Cancer and Metastasis Reviews
Description:
The high metabolic rate required for tumor growth often leads to hypoxia in poorly-perfused regions. Hypoxia activates a complex gene expression program, mediated by hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF1α). One of the consequences of HIF1α activation is up-regulation of glycolysis and hence the production of lactic acid. In addition to the lactic acid-output, intracellular titration of acid with bicarbonate and the engagement of the pentose phosphate shunt release CO2 from cells. Expression of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase 9 on the tumor cell surface catalyses the extracellular trapping of acid by hydrating cell-generated CO2 into $${\text{HCO}}^{ - }_{3} $$ and H+. These mechanisms contribute towards an acidic extracellular milieu favoring tumor growth, invasion and development. The lactic acid released by tumor cells is further metabolized by the tumor stroma. Low extracellular pH may adversely affect the intracellular milieu, possibly triggering apoptosis. Therefore, primary and secondary active transporters operate in the tumor cell membrane to protect the cytosol from acidosis. We review mechanisms regulating tumor intracellular and extracellular pH, with a focus on carbonic anhydrase 9. We also review recent evidence that may suggest a role for CA9 in coordinating pHi among cells of large, unvascularized cell-clusters.

Matching Content Categories {📚}

  • Education
  • Science
  • Health & Fitness

Content Management System {📝}

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Custom-built

No common CMS systems were detected on Doi.org, and no known web development framework was identified.

Traffic Estimate {📈}

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🏙️ Massive Traffic: 50M - 100M visitors per month


Based on our best estimate, this website will receive around 80,479,999 visitors per month in the current month.

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Keywords {🔍}

google, scholar, cas, pubmed, cancer, carbonic, journal, anhydrase, research, tumor, cells, hypoxia, expression, cell, physiology, human, intracellular, article, role, harris, extracellular, acid, chemistry, regulation, gene, biology, gillies, tumors, oxygen, biological, pastorek, reviews, vaughanjones, growth, access, metabolism, clinical, molecular, pastorekova, content, swietach, metabolic, factor, acidic, protein, carcinoma, national, hypoxiainducible, tumorassociated, privacy,

Topics {✒️}

t2-weighted gradient-echo imaging magnetic resonance imaging month download article/chapter hypoxia-inducible factor-1-mediated expression alveolar-capillary co2 equilibration hif-1alpha-dependent mechanism hydrating cell-generated co2 guinea-pig ventricular myocyte nuclear factor induced proton-linked monocarboxylate transporter vascular-endothelial growth factor metalloprotease-dependent process regulated primary epirubicin/tamoxifen therapy transmembrane carbonic anhydrases acid-mediated tumor invasion hypoxia-regulated carbonic anhydrase-9 privacy choices/manage cookies full article pdf glycolysis-deficient cells suggest extracellular carbonic anhydrase reaction-diffusion model carbonic anhydrase isozymes carbonic anhydrase ix carcinoma cell lines human mn/ca9 gene carbonic anhydrase ii hypoxia-inducible factor 1 article swietach biophysical research communications acidify extracellular ph tumor cell membrane carbonic anhydrase levels carbonic anhydrase inhibitor mr-derived lactate [3h]acetazolamide binding acid–base status human melanoma cells pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 31p-nmr investigation rabbit ventricular myocytes oxygen consumption rates low extracellular ph hif-1-mediated expression acidic ph enhances 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2 check access instant access carbonic anhydrase family squamous cell head acidic culture conditions

Questions {❓}

  • Physiological noise in murine solid tumours using T2*-weighted gradient-echo imaging: A marker of tumour acute hypoxia?
  • Why do cancers have high aerobic glycolysis?

Schema {🗺️}

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         headline:Regulation of tumor pH and the role of carbonic anhydrase 9
         description:The high metabolic rate required for tumor growth often leads to hypoxia in poorly-perfused regions. Hypoxia activates a complex gene expression program, mediated by hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF1α). One of the consequences of HIF1α activation is up-regulation of glycolysis and hence the production of lactic acid. In addition to the lactic acid-output, intracellular titration of acid with bicarbonate and the engagement of the pentose phosphate shunt release CO2 from cells. Expression of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase 9 on the tumor cell surface catalyses the extracellular trapping of acid by hydrating cell-generated CO2 into $${\text{HCO}}^{ - }_{3} $$ and H+. These mechanisms contribute towards an acidic extracellular milieu favoring tumor growth, invasion and development. The lactic acid released by tumor cells is further metabolized by the tumor stroma. Low extracellular pH may adversely affect the intracellular milieu, possibly triggering apoptosis. Therefore, primary and secondary active transporters operate in the tumor cell membrane to protect the cytosol from acidosis. We review mechanisms regulating tumor intracellular and extracellular pH, with a focus on carbonic anhydrase 9. We also review recent evidence that may suggest a role for CA9 in coordinating pHi among cells of large, unvascularized cell-clusters.
         datePublished:2007-04-06T00:00:00Z
         dateModified:2007-04-06T00:00:00Z
         pageStart:299
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            Cancer Research
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            Biomedicine
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      headline:Regulation of tumor pH and the role of carbonic anhydrase 9
      description:The high metabolic rate required for tumor growth often leads to hypoxia in poorly-perfused regions. Hypoxia activates a complex gene expression program, mediated by hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF1α). One of the consequences of HIF1α activation is up-regulation of glycolysis and hence the production of lactic acid. In addition to the lactic acid-output, intracellular titration of acid with bicarbonate and the engagement of the pentose phosphate shunt release CO2 from cells. Expression of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase 9 on the tumor cell surface catalyses the extracellular trapping of acid by hydrating cell-generated CO2 into $${\text{HCO}}^{ - }_{3} $$ and H+. These mechanisms contribute towards an acidic extracellular milieu favoring tumor growth, invasion and development. The lactic acid released by tumor cells is further metabolized by the tumor stroma. Low extracellular pH may adversely affect the intracellular milieu, possibly triggering apoptosis. Therefore, primary and secondary active transporters operate in the tumor cell membrane to protect the cytosol from acidosis. We review mechanisms regulating tumor intracellular and extracellular pH, with a focus on carbonic anhydrase 9. We also review recent evidence that may suggest a role for CA9 in coordinating pHi among cells of large, unvascularized cell-clusters.
      datePublished:2007-04-06T00:00:00Z
      dateModified:2007-04-06T00:00:00Z
      pageStart:299
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         Hypoxia
         Imaging
         Intracellular and extracellular pH
         Nuclear magnetic resonance
         Cancer Research
         Oncology
         Biomedicine
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External Links {🔗}(359)

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