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Title[redir]:
The active role of astrocytes in synaptic transmission | Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences
Description:
In the central nervous system, astrocytes form an intimately connected network with neurons, and their processes closely enwrap synapses. The critical role of these cells in metabolic and trophic support to neurons, ion buffering and clearance of neurotransmitters is well established. However, recent accumulating evidence suggests that astrocytes are active partners of neurons in additional and more complex functions. In particular, astrocytes express a repertoire of neurotransmitter receptors mirroring that of neighbouring synapses. Such receptors are stimulated during synaptic activity and start calcium signalling into the astrocyte network. Intracellular oscillations and intercellular calcium waves represent the astrocyte’s own form of excitability, as they trigger release of transmitter (i.e. glutamate) via a novel process sensitive to blockers of exocytosis and involving cyclooxygenase eicosanoids. Astrocyte-released glutamate activates receptors on the surrounding neurons and modifies their electrical and intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) state. These exciting new findings reveal an active participation of astrocytes in synaptic transmission and the involvement of neuron-astrocyte circuits in the processing of information in the brain.
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Keywords {🔍}
article, astrocytes, synaptic, calcium, privacy, cookies, content, information, transmission, publish, search, active, neurons, access, data, log, journal, research, life, sciences, cmls, role, vesce, bezzi, volterra, network, synapses, receptors, signalling, astrocyte, glutamate, discover, springer, optional, processing, personal, parties, policy, find, track, cellular, molecular, cite, explore, nervous, system, form, support, ion, neurotransmitters,
Topics {✒️}
month download article/chapter central nervous system privacy choices/manage cookies start calcium signalling intimately connected network full article pdf related subjects neuron-astrocyte circuits european economic area scope submit manuscript neurotransmitter receptors mirroring involving cyclooxygenase eicosanoids neuron-glia interaction conditions privacy policy accepting optional cookies astrocyte network main content log calcium signalling journal finder publish article cellular synaptic transmission ion buffering pharmacological sciences life sci privacy policy personal data neighbouring synapses article log trophic support intracellular calcium books a synaptic activity optional cookies article cite manage preferences active partners check access instant access article vesce data protection essential cookies cookies skip subscription content similar content neurotransmitters institution subscribe journal publish usage analysis social media varying standards
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headline:The active role of astrocytes in synaptic transmission
description: In the central nervous system, astrocytes form an intimately connected network with neurons, and their processes closely enwrap synapses. The critical role of these cells in metabolic and trophic support to neurons, ion buffering and clearance of neurotransmitters is well established. However, recent accumulating evidence suggests that astrocytes are active partners of neurons in additional and more complex functions. In particular, astrocytes express a repertoire of neurotransmitter receptors mirroring that of neighbouring synapses. Such receptors are stimulated during synaptic activity and start calcium signalling into the astrocyte network. Intracellular oscillations and intercellular calcium waves represent the astrocyte’s own form of excitability, as they trigger release of transmitter (i.e. glutamate) via a novel process sensitive to blockers of exocytosis and involving cyclooxygenase eicosanoids. Astrocyte-released glutamate activates receptors on the surrounding neurons and modifies their electrical and intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) state. These exciting new findings reveal an active participation of astrocytes in synaptic transmission and the involvement of neuron-astrocyte circuits in the processing of information in the brain.
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headline:The active role of astrocytes in synaptic transmission
description: In the central nervous system, astrocytes form an intimately connected network with neurons, and their processes closely enwrap synapses. The critical role of these cells in metabolic and trophic support to neurons, ion buffering and clearance of neurotransmitters is well established. However, recent accumulating evidence suggests that astrocytes are active partners of neurons in additional and more complex functions. In particular, astrocytes express a repertoire of neurotransmitter receptors mirroring that of neighbouring synapses. Such receptors are stimulated during synaptic activity and start calcium signalling into the astrocyte network. Intracellular oscillations and intercellular calcium waves represent the astrocyte’s own form of excitability, as they trigger release of transmitter (i.e. glutamate) via a novel process sensitive to blockers of exocytosis and involving cyclooxygenase eicosanoids. Astrocyte-released glutamate activates receptors on the surrounding neurons and modifies their electrical and intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) state. These exciting new findings reveal an active participation of astrocytes in synaptic transmission and the involvement of neuron-astrocyte circuits in the processing of information in the brain.
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