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Title:
New niches for larger phytoplankton in a warmer, more resource-limited ocean | bioRxiv
Description:
Warming and nutrient limitation are major stressors that affect primary production in the ocean, with cascading impacts on the food web. Yet, we lack a mechanistic understanding of how phytoplankton manage the combined stress of heat-damage and nutrient-limitation and the implications of these responses for phytoplankton biogeography. By combining theory, proteome allocation modeling, and climate projections, we identified two potential competing strategies for multi-stressor growth: (1) increase growth temperature optima through higher nutrient uptake efficiency and smaller cells, or (2) invest in heat-mitigation mechanisms achieving higher thermal tolerance at the cost of growth and larger cells. By simulating the optimal metabolic strategies of different phytoplankton functional types across a latitudinal gradient, we found that cyanobacteria are more vulnerable in warmer tropical regions due to greater heat sensitivity and lower storage capacity, indicating a potential ecological niche for larger phytoplankton, such as diatoms, in a warming ocean. Our findings challenge the current understanding that the smallest phytoplankton should prevail across the global ocean as the climate warms. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest.
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epidemiology subject categories clinical trials genetics microbiology biorxiv subject category epidemiology papers reviews author/funder keyword advanced search greater heat sensitivity health-related information maría aranguren-gassis affect primary production proteome allocation modeling optimal metabolic strategies lower storage capacity potential ecological niche generous financial support chan zuckerberg initiative imperial college london vrije universiteit amsterdam articles animal behavior potential competing strategies multi-stressor growth phytoplankton functional types competing interest statement context warming ocean heat-damage competing interest global ocean nutrient limitation nutrient-limitation larger phytoplankton phytoplankton manage phytoplankton biogeography smallest phytoplankton results follow lara breithaupt arianna krinos lana flanjak charlotte laufkotter elena litchman major stressors cascading impacts food web mechanistic understanding combined stress combining theory climate projections
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