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We are analyzing https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-07820-3/figures/9.

Title:
Extended Data Fig. 4: MICL regulates NET formation. | Nature
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nature portfolio privacy policy nature advertising extended data fig social media cit-h3/gr-1 area thioglycollate-elicited neutrophils analysed thioglycollate-elicited neutrophils isolated net-bound sytox green explore content thioglycollate-elicited neutrophils net-bound sytox privacy personal data european economic area journals search log spark cyto reader statistical significance determined dpi pre-treatment data protection pooled data pma-induced nets accepting optional cookies content micl-deficient animals micl−/− synovial sections msu-induced nets manage preferences bright field images cit-h3 dna/h1 independent experiments performed net positive data neutrophils isolated stained unfixed optional cookies choices articles essential cookies cookies skip bright field net negative = 3 independent experiments cells = 2 experiments performed usage analysis varying standards journal publish

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      headline:Recognition and control of neutrophil extracellular trap formation by MICL
      description:Regulation of neutrophil activation is critical for disease control. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which are web-like structures composed of DNA and neutrophil-derived proteins, are formed following pro-inflammatory signals; however, if this process is uncontrolled, NETs contribute to disease pathogenesis, exacerbating inflammation and host tissue damage1,2. Here we show that myeloid inhibitory C-type lectin-like (MICL), an inhibitory C-type lectin receptor, directly recognizes DNA in NETs; this interaction is vital to regulate neutrophil activation. Loss or inhibition of MICL functionality leads to uncontrolled NET formation through the ROS–PAD4 pathway and the development of an auto-inflammatory feedback loop. We show that in the context of rheumatoid arthritis, such dysregulation leads to exacerbated pathology in both mouse models and in human patients, where autoantibodies to MICL inhibit key functions of this receptor. Of note, we also detect similarly inhibitory anti-MICL autoantibodies in patients with other diseases linked to aberrant NET formation, including lupus and severe COVID-19. By contrast, dysregulation of NET release is protective during systemic infection with the fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus. Together, we show that the recognition of NETs by MICL represents a fundamental autoregulatory pathway that controls neutrophil activity and NET formation. How MICL recognizes and autoregulates the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps is explored in mouse models and human patients where disease severity is associated with aberrant neutrophil extracellular trap formation.
      datePublished:2024-08-14T00:00:00Z
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      name:Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
      name:MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
      name:MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
      name:Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
      name:MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
      name:School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
      name:MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
      name:MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
      name:MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
      name:Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
      name:Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
      name:MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
      name:Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, and Immunology, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
      name:Medical Affairs and Innovation, Canadian Blood Services, Toronto, Canada
      name:Medical Affairs and Innovation, Canadian Blood Services, Toronto, Canada
      name:School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
      name:MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
      name:Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
      name:Centre for Cytomics, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
      name:Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
      name:Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
      name:Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
      name:Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
      name:Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, USA
      name:The Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (JRI), Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, USA
      name:Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
      name:Centre for Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
      name:MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
      name:Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
      name:MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
      name:Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK

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