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Title:
Evolution of immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in mild-moderate COVID-19 | Nature Communications
Description:
The durability of infection-induced SARS-CoV-2 immunity has major implications for reinfection and vaccine development. Here, we show a comprehensive profile of antibody, B cell and T cell dynamics over time in a cohort of patients who have recovered from mild-moderate COVID-19. Binding and neutralising antibody responses, together with individual serum clonotypes, decay over the first 4 months post-infection. A similar decline in Spike-specific CD4+ and circulating T follicular helper frequencies occurs. By contrast, S-specific IgG+ memory B cells consistently accumulate over time, eventually comprising a substantial fraction of circulating the memory B cell pool. Modelling of the concomitant immune kinetics predicts maintenance of serological neutralising activity above a titre of 1:40 in 50% of convalescent participants to 74 days, although there is probably additive protection from B cell and T cell immunity. This study indicates that SARS-CoV-2 immunity after infection might be transiently protective at a population level. Therefore, SARS-CoV-2 vaccines might require greater immunogenicity and durability than natural infection to drive long-term protection. Longitudinal analyses are needed to show how the immune response to Sars-Cov-2 infection changes over time. Here, the authors use multiple strategies to profile the change in immune cell responses from patients with convalescent COVID-19 over the course of ~5 months, showing that although neutralizing antibody responses drop off after ~4 months, B cell immune responses strengthen.
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Keywords {π}
responses, sarscov, decay, fig, article, cell, sspecific, cells, google, scholar, antibody, participants, days, covid, igg, memory, neutralisation, supplementary, cas, data, infection, convalescent, time, titre, nature, immune, binding, early, neutralising, day, convalescence, antibodies, immunity, frequencies, longitudinal, plasma, individuals, uninfected, tmem, cohort, rbd, shown, igm, individual, serological, samples, median, titres, inhibition, response,
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nature portfolio flow cytometry services privacy policy beta _0 b_{0i} b_{2i} b_{3i} advertising s_{ij} $$y_{ij} = mass spectrometry-based assay delineating sars-cov-2 s-specific matched cdr-h3 sequences cdr-h3 heavy-chain suboptimal sars-cov-2-specific cd8 sars-cov-2 receptor-binding domain serum-free media reprints induced sars-cov-2-specific cd8β+ nature 584 nature 587 nature mass spectrometry-based quantification s-specific igg+ mbc vaccine development ms-based quantitative proteomics cd3+ cd4+ cd8-cd45ra-cxcr5 s-specific igg+ memory igg+ s-specific memory sars-cov-2 rbd protein infection-induced sars-cov-2 immunity n-specific igg responses beta _2 beta _3 beta _1 detect sars-cov-2 seroconversion persistent sars-cov-2 associates s-specific antibodies recovered anti-sars-cov-2 antibodies parental s-specific population peer review reports sars-cov-2-specific antibodies sars-cov-2- specific antibodies social media n-terminal peptide pools distinct epitope-specific responses high sars-cov-2 seroprevalence s-specific cd8+ tmem r_{ij} sars-cov-2 spike probes
Questions {β}
- Correlates of protection to influenza virus, where do we go from here?
- How does the SARS-CoV-2 reinfection rate change over time?
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headline:Evolution of immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in mild-moderate COVID-19
description:The durability of infection-induced SARS-CoV-2 immunity has major implications for reinfection and vaccine development. Here, we show a comprehensive profile of antibody, B cell and T cell dynamics over time in a cohort of patients who have recovered from mild-moderate COVID-19. Binding and neutralising antibody responses, together with individual serum clonotypes, decay over the first 4 months post-infection. A similar decline in Spike-specific CD4+ and circulating T follicular helper frequencies occurs. By contrast, S-specific IgG+ memory B cells consistently accumulate over time, eventually comprising a substantial fraction of circulating the memory B cell pool. Modelling of the concomitant immune kinetics predicts maintenance of serological neutralising activity above a titre of 1:40 in 50% of convalescent participants to 74 days, although there is probably additive protection from B cell and T cell immunity. This study indicates that SARS-CoV-2 immunity after infection might be transiently protective at a population level. Therefore, SARS-CoV-2 vaccines might require greater immunogenicity and durability than natural infection to drive long-term protection. Longitudinal analyses are needed to show how the immune response to Sars-Cov-2 infection changes over time. Here, the authors use multiple strategies to profile the change in immune cell responses from patients with convalescent COVID-19 over the course of ~5 months, showing that although neutralizing antibody responses drop off after ~4 months, B cell immune responses strengthen.
datePublished:2021-02-19T00:00:00Z
dateModified:2021-02-19T00:00:00Z
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Immunological memory
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headline:Evolution of immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in mild-moderate COVID-19
description:The durability of infection-induced SARS-CoV-2 immunity has major implications for reinfection and vaccine development. Here, we show a comprehensive profile of antibody, B cell and T cell dynamics over time in a cohort of patients who have recovered from mild-moderate COVID-19. Binding and neutralising antibody responses, together with individual serum clonotypes, decay over the first 4 months post-infection. A similar decline in Spike-specific CD4+ and circulating T follicular helper frequencies occurs. By contrast, S-specific IgG+ memory B cells consistently accumulate over time, eventually comprising a substantial fraction of circulating the memory B cell pool. Modelling of the concomitant immune kinetics predicts maintenance of serological neutralising activity above a titre of 1:40 in 50% of convalescent participants to 74 days, although there is probably additive protection from B cell and T cell immunity. This study indicates that SARS-CoV-2 immunity after infection might be transiently protective at a population level. Therefore, SARS-CoV-2 vaccines might require greater immunogenicity and durability than natural infection to drive long-term protection. Longitudinal analyses are needed to show how the immune response to Sars-Cov-2 infection changes over time. Here, the authors use multiple strategies to profile the change in immune cell responses from patients with convalescent COVID-19 over the course of ~5 months, showing that although neutralizing antibody responses drop off after ~4 months, B cell immune responses strengthen.
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Immunological memory
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Humanities and Social Sciences
multidisciplinary
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