We are analyzing https://link.springer.com/protocol/10.1007/978-1-4939-0320-7_33.

Title:
A Neurovascular Blood–Brain Barrier In Vitro Model | SpringerLink
Description:
The cerebral microvasculature possesses certain cellular features that constitute the blood–brain barrier (BBB) (Abbott et al., Neurobiol Dis 37:13–25, 2010). This dynamic barrier separates the brain parenchyma from peripheral blood flow and is of...
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month download article/chapter cl-5 tight-junction disruption blood–brain barrier integrity blood–brain barrier model neurovascular blood–brain barrier johannes gutenberg-university mainz tight junction disruption blood–brain barrier brain blood flow privacy choices/manage cookies zehendner cm peripheral blood flow cortical spreading depression dynamic barrier separates device instant download author information authors brain endothelial cells university medical center cerebral microvasculature possesses occluded cerebral artery european economic area tremendous clinical importance precisely regulated environment transendothelial electrical resistance reactive oxygen species astrocyte-derived vegf pericyte contraction induced chronic neurodegenerative disorders deli ma conditions privacy policy gursoy-ozdemir live cell imaging smooth muscle cells cells experience modulation protocol zehendner journal finder publish nvu including neurons accepting optional cookies oxidative stress crucial bbb parameters cerebral angiogenesis main content log vasogenic edema due protocol cite cns inflammatory disease protocol usd 49 vitro model organotypic cultures social media permissions reprints

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Stanimirovic DB, Friedman A (2012) Pathophysiology of the neurovascular unit: disease cause or consequence?

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ScholarlyArticle:
      headline:A Neurovascular Blood–Brain Barrier In Vitro Model
      pageEnd:413
      pageStart:403
      image:https://media.springernature.com/w153/springer-static/cover/book/978-1-4939-0320-7.jpg
      genre:
         Springer Protocols
      isPartOf:
         name:Cerebral Angiogenesis
         isbn:
            978-1-4939-0320-7
            978-1-4939-0319-1
         type:Book
      publisher:
         name:Springer New York
         logo:
            url:https://www.springernature.com/app-sn/public/images/logo-springernature.png
            type:ImageObject
         type:Organization
      author:
            name:Christoph M. Zehendner
            affiliation:
                  name:University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
                  address:
                     name:Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Robin White
            affiliation:
                  name:University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
                  address:
                     name:Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Jana Hedrich
            affiliation:
                  name:University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
                  address:
                     name:Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Heiko J. Luhmann
            affiliation:
                  name:University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
                  address:
                     name:Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
      keywords:Blood–brain barrier, Neurovascular unit model, In vitro blood–brain barrier model, Cortical organotypic slice cultures, bEnd.3
      description:The cerebral microvasculature possesses certain cellular features that constitute the blood–brain barrier (BBB) (Abbott et al., Neurobiol Dis 37:13–25, 2010). This dynamic barrier separates the brain parenchyma from peripheral blood flow and is of tremendous clinical importance: for example, BBB breakdown as in stroke is associated with the development of brain edema (Rosenberg and Yang, Neurosurg Focus 22:E4, 2007), inflammation (Kuhlmann et al., Neurosci Lett 449:168–172, 2009; Coisne and Engelhardt, Antioxid Redox Signal 15:1285–1303, 2011), and increased mortality. In vivo, the BBB consists of brain endothelial cells (BEC) that are embedded within a precisely regulated environment containing astrocytes, pericytes, smooth muscle cells, and glial cells. These cells experience modulation by various pathways of intercellular communication and by pathophysiological processes, e.g., through neurovascular coupling (Attwell et al., Nature 468:232–243, 2010), cortical spreading depression (Gursoy-Ozdemir et al., J Clin Invest 113:1447–1455, 2004), or formation of oxidative stress (Yemisci et al., Nat Med 15:1031–1037, 2009). Hence, this interdependent assembly of cells is referred to as the neurovascular unit (NVU) (Zlokovic, Nat Med 16:1370–1371, 2010; Zlokovic, Neuron 57:178–201, 2008). Experimental approaches to investigate the BBB in vitro are highly desirable to study the cerebral endothelium in health and disease. However, due to the complex interactions taking place within the NVU in vivo, it is difficult to mimic this interplay in vitro. Here, we describe a murine blood–brain barrier coculture model consisting of cortical organotypic slice cultures and brain endothelial cells that includes most of the cellular components of the NVU including neurons, astrocytes, and brain endothelial cells. This model allows the experimental analysis of several crucial BBB parameters such as transendothelial electrical resistance or tight junction protein localization by immunohistochemistry and live cell imaging of reactive oxygen species.
      datePublished:2014
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Book:
      name:Cerebral Angiogenesis
      isbn:
         978-1-4939-0320-7
         978-1-4939-0319-1
Organization:
      name:Springer New York
      logo:
         url:https://www.springernature.com/app-sn/public/images/logo-springernature.png
         type:ImageObject
      name:University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
      address:
         name:Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
         type:PostalAddress
      name:University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
      address:
         name:Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
         type:PostalAddress
      name:University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
      address:
         name:Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
         type:PostalAddress
      name:University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
      address:
         name:Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
         type:PostalAddress
ImageObject:
      url:https://www.springernature.com/app-sn/public/images/logo-springernature.png
Person:
      name:Christoph M. Zehendner
      affiliation:
            name:University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
            address:
               name:Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Robin White
      affiliation:
            name:University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
            address:
               name:Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Jana Hedrich
      affiliation:
            name:University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
            address:
               name:Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Heiko J. Luhmann
      affiliation:
            name:University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
            address:
               name:Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
PostalAddress:
      name:Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
      name:Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
      name:Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
      name:Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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