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Title:
Peeking into Sigma-1 Receptor Functions Through the Retina | SpringerLink
Description:
This review discusses recent advances towards understanding the sigma-1 receptor (S1R) as an endogenous neuro-protective mechanism in the retinaretina , a favorable experimental model system. The exquisite architecture of the mammalian retina features layered and...
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ScholarlyArticle:
      headline:Peeking into Sigma-1 Receptor Functions Through the Retina
      pageEnd:297
      pageStart:285
      image:https://media.springernature.com/w153/springer-static/cover/book/978-3-319-50174-1.jpg
      genre:
         Biomedical and Life Sciences
         Biomedical and Life Sciences (R0)
      isPartOf:
         name:Sigma Receptors: Their Role in Disease and as Therapeutic Targets
         isbn:
            978-3-319-50174-1
            978-3-319-50172-7
         type:Book
      publisher:
         name:Springer International Publishing
         logo:
            url:https://www.springernature.com/app-sn/public/images/logo-springernature.png
            type:ImageObject
         type:Organization
      author:
            name:Timur A. Mavlyutov
            affiliation:
                  name:University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 5151 Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research
                  address:
                     name:Department of Surgery and McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 5151 Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research, Madison, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Lian-Wang Guo
            affiliation:
                  name:University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 5151 Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research
                  address:
                     name:Department of Surgery and McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 5151 Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research, Madison, USA
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
      keywords:Sigma-1 receptor, Retinal diseases, Retinal ganglion neurons , Müller glia , Photoreceptors , Neuro-protection
      description:This review discusses recent advances towards understanding the sigma-1 receptor (S1R) as an endogenous neuro-protective mechanism in the retinaretina , a favorable experimental model system. The exquisite architecture of the mammalian retina features layered and intricately wired neurons supported by non-neuronal cells. Ganglion neurons, photoreceptorsphotoreceptors , as well as the retinal pigment epithelium, are susceptible to degeneration that leads to major retinal diseases such as glaucomaglaucoma , diabetic retinopathyDiabetic retinopathy , and age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and ultimately, blindness. The S1R protein is found essentially in every retinal cell type, with high abundance in the ganglion cellganglion cell layer. Ultrastructural studies of photoreceptors, bipolar cells, and ganglion cellsganglion cells show a predominant localization of S1R in the nuclear envelope. A protective role of S1R for ganglion and photoreceptor cells is supported by in vitro and in vivo experiments. Most recently, studies suggest that S1R may also protect retinal neurons via its activities in Müller gliaMüller glia and microglia. The S1R functions in the retina may be attributed to a reduction of excitotoxicity, oxidative stressoxidative stress , ER stress response, or inflammation. S1R knockout mice are being used to delineate the S1R-specific effects. In summary, while significant progress has been made towards the objective of establishing a S1R-targeted paradigm for retinal neuro-protectionneuro-protection , critical questions remain. In particular, context-dependent effects and potential side effects of interventions targeting S1R need to be studied in more diverse and more clinically relevant animal models.
      datePublished:2017
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Book:
      name:Sigma Receptors: Their Role in Disease and as Therapeutic Targets
      isbn:
         978-3-319-50174-1
         978-3-319-50172-7
Organization:
      name:Springer International Publishing
      logo:
         url:https://www.springernature.com/app-sn/public/images/logo-springernature.png
         type:ImageObject
      name:University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 5151 Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research
      address:
         name:Department of Surgery and McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 5151 Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research, Madison, USA
         type:PostalAddress
      name:University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 5151 Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research
      address:
         name:Department of Surgery and McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 5151 Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research, Madison, USA
         type:PostalAddress
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      url:https://www.springernature.com/app-sn/public/images/logo-springernature.png
Person:
      name:Timur A. Mavlyutov
      affiliation:
            name:University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 5151 Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research
            address:
               name:Department of Surgery and McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 5151 Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research, Madison, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Lian-Wang Guo
      affiliation:
            name:University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 5151 Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research
            address:
               name:Department of Surgery and McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 5151 Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research, Madison, USA
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
PostalAddress:
      name:Department of Surgery and McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 5151 Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research, Madison, USA
      name:Department of Surgery and McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 5151 Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research, Madison, USA
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