We are analyzing https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12915-015-0183-8.

Title:
GDF-5 can act as a context-dependent BMP-2 antagonist | BMC Biology
Description:
Background Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 and growth and differentiation factor (GDF)-5 are two related transforming growth factor (TGF)-β family members with important functions in embryonic development and tissue homeostasis. BMP-2 is best known for its osteoinductive properties whereas GDF-5—as evident from its alternative name, cartilage derived morphogenetic protein 1—plays an important role in the formation of cartilage. In spite of these differences both factors signal by binding to the same subset of BMP receptors, raising the question how these different functionalities are generated. The largest difference in receptor binding is observed in the interaction with the type I receptor BMPR-IA. GDF-5, in contrast to BMP-2, shows preferential binding to the isoform BMPR-IB, which is abrogated by a single amino acid (A57R) substitution. The resulting variant, GDF-5 R57A, represents a “BMP-2 mimic” with respect to BMP receptor binding. In this study we thus wanted to analyze whether the two growth factors can induce distinct signals via an identically composed receptor. Results Unexpectedly and dependent on the cellular context, GDF-5 R57A showed clear differences in its activity compared to BMP-2. In ATDC-5 cells, both ligands induced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression with similar potency. But in C2C12 cells, the BMP-2 mimic GDF-5 R57A (and also wild-type GDF-5) clearly antagonized BMP-2-mediated ALP expression, despite signaling in both cell lines occurring solely via BMPR-IA. The BMP-2- antagonizing properties of GDF-5 and GDF-5 R57A could also be observed in vivo when implanting BMP-2 and either one of the two GDF-5 ligands simultaneously at heterotopic sites. Conclusions Although comparison of the crystal structures of the GDF-5 R57A:BMPR-IAEC- and BMP-2:BMPR-IAEC complex revealed small ligand-specific differences, these cannot account for the different signaling characteristics because the complexes seem identical in both differently reacting cell lines. We thus predict an additional component, most likely a not yet identified GDF-5-specific co-receptor, which alters the output of the signaling complexes. Hence the presence or absence of this component then switches GDF-5′s signaling capabilities to act either similar to BMP-2 or as a BMP-2 antagonist. These findings might shed new light on the role of GDF-5, e.g., in cartilage maintenance and/or limb development in that it might act as an inhibitor of signaling events initiated by other BMPs.
Website Age:
28 years and 1 months (reg. 1997-05-29).

Matching Content Categories {📚}

Science
Education
Books & Literature

Content Management System {📝}

What CMS is link.springer.com built with?

Custom-built

No common CMS systems were detected on Link.springer.com, and no known web development framework was identified.

Traffic Estimate {📈}

What is the average monthly size of link.springer.com audience?

🌠 Phenomenal Traffic: 5M - 10M visitors per month

Based on our best estimate, this website will receive around 5,000,019 visitors per month in the current month.
However, some sources were not loaded, we suggest to reload the page to get complete results.

check SE Ranking
check Ahrefs
check Similarweb
check Ubersuggest
check Semrush

How Does Link.springer.com Make Money? {💸}

We see no obvious way the site makes money.

Many websites are intended to earn money, but some serve to share ideas or build connections. Websites exist for all kinds of purposes. This might be one of them. Link.springer.com could be getting rich in stealth mode, or the way it's monetizing isn't detectable.

Keywords {🔍}

gdf, bmp, receptor, bmpria, article, pubmed, type, google, scholar, cas, bone, complex, cells, signaling, binding, bound, receptors, cell, alp, fig, additional, protein, ligands, expression, formation, data, atdc, structure, similar, file, biol, ligand, growth, observed, complexes, differences, morphogenetic, proteins, table, bmprib, activity, activation, properties, joint, molecules, bmpriaec, residues, experiments, site, analysis,

Topics {✒️}

theodor-boveri-institut für biowissenschaften c-jun-nh2-terminal kinase tgf-beta signalling julius-von-sachs- platz 2 anti-chondrogenic/osteogenic stimuli caused full size image bmp/tgf-β pseudo-receptors bmp/gdf-signalling interactions transforming growth factor tgf-beta signal transduction time-dependent ligand-induced smad tgf-beta gene family article download pdf cartilage-derived morphogenetic protein-1 air-sealed sterile container neutralizing bmpr-ia antibody tgf-beta signals vg1 clear dose-dependent manner tβr-iii expression plasmid 256-bit gray-scale images anna schliermann tgf-β members derive receptor mediating bmp-2-induced bmpr-ia molecules swiveled full-length receptor signaling ligand-induced signal transduction individually fine-balanced equilibrium tgf beta-superfamily tgf-β ligand present half-maximal inhibitory concentrations specific pre-myoblastic properties ligand-induced alp expression bmpr-ia molecules yielded human growth hormone dose-dependent activity distinct bmpr-1a die early bmpr-ia ectodomain differs gel documentation system ligand–receptor interactions arising cell type-dependent manner bmpr-1a transcripts showed bmpr-iaec complex belongs receptor bmpr-ia adopts bmpr-ia structures overlap magenta line bmpr-ia spontaneous α-helix formation recent structural/functional analyses ligand-induced receptor dimerization bone morphogenetic protein bone morphogenetic protein-2

Questions {❓}

Could one of the members of the RGM family therefore represent the sought-after GDF-5 co-receptor?
What potential mechanisms could then lead to cell type-specific and ligand-specific signaling differences for GDF-5 and enable GDF-5 to act as a context-dependent antagonist against BMP-2?
Will any dimer do?

Schema {🗺️}

WebPage:
      mainEntity:
         headline:GDF-5 can act as a context-dependent BMP-2 antagonist
         description:Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 and growth and differentiation factor (GDF)-5 are two related transforming growth factor (TGF)-β family members with important functions in embryonic development and tissue homeostasis. BMP-2 is best known for its osteoinductive properties whereas GDF-5—as evident from its alternative name, cartilage derived morphogenetic protein 1—plays an important role in the formation of cartilage. In spite of these differences both factors signal by binding to the same subset of BMP receptors, raising the question how these different functionalities are generated. The largest difference in receptor binding is observed in the interaction with the type I receptor BMPR-IA. GDF-5, in contrast to BMP-2, shows preferential binding to the isoform BMPR-IB, which is abrogated by a single amino acid (A57R) substitution. The resulting variant, GDF-5 R57A, represents a “BMP-2 mimic” with respect to BMP receptor binding. In this study we thus wanted to analyze whether the two growth factors can induce distinct signals via an identically composed receptor. Unexpectedly and dependent on the cellular context, GDF-5 R57A showed clear differences in its activity compared to BMP-2. In ATDC-5 cells, both ligands induced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression with similar potency. But in C2C12 cells, the BMP-2 mimic GDF-5 R57A (and also wild-type GDF-5) clearly antagonized BMP-2-mediated ALP expression, despite signaling in both cell lines occurring solely via BMPR-IA. The BMP-2- antagonizing properties of GDF-5 and GDF-5 R57A could also be observed in vivo when implanting BMP-2 and either one of the two GDF-5 ligands simultaneously at heterotopic sites. Although comparison of the crystal structures of the GDF-5 R57A:BMPR-IAEC- and BMP-2:BMPR-IAEC complex revealed small ligand-specific differences, these cannot account for the different signaling characteristics because the complexes seem identical in both differently reacting cell lines. We thus predict an additional component, most likely a not yet identified GDF-5-specific co-receptor, which alters the output of the signaling complexes. Hence the presence or absence of this component then switches GDF-5′s signaling capabilities to act either similar to BMP-2 or as a BMP-2 antagonist. These findings might shed new light on the role of GDF-5, e.g., in cartilage maintenance and/or limb development in that it might act as an inhibitor of signaling events initiated by other BMPs.
         datePublished:2015-09-18T00:00:00Z
         dateModified:2015-09-18T00:00:00Z
         pageStart:1
         pageEnd:18
         license:http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
         sameAs:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-015-0183-8
         keywords:
            Antagonist
            Crystal structure
            Growth and differentiation factor 5
            Ligand-receptor complex
            Life Sciences
            general
         image:
            https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12915-015-0183-8/MediaObjects/12915_2015_183_Fig1_HTML.gif
            https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12915-015-0183-8/MediaObjects/12915_2015_183_Fig2_HTML.gif
            https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12915-015-0183-8/MediaObjects/12915_2015_183_Fig3_HTML.gif
            https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12915-015-0183-8/MediaObjects/12915_2015_183_Fig4_HTML.gif
            https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12915-015-0183-8/MediaObjects/12915_2015_183_Fig5_HTML.gif
            https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12915-015-0183-8/MediaObjects/12915_2015_183_Fig6_HTML.gif
            https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12915-015-0183-8/MediaObjects/12915_2015_183_Fig7_HTML.gif
            https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12915-015-0183-8/MediaObjects/12915_2015_183_Fig8_HTML.gif
         isPartOf:
            name:BMC Biology
            issn:
               1741-7007
            volumeNumber:13
            type:
               Periodical
               PublicationVolume
         publisher:
            name:BioMed Central
            logo:
               url:https://www.springernature.com/app-sn/public/images/logo-springernature.png
               type:ImageObject
            type:Organization
         author:
               name:Uwe Klammert
               affiliation:
                     name:Universitätsklinikum Würzburg
                     address:
                        name:Lehrstuhl für Mund-, Kiefer- und plastische Gesichtschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Thomas D. Mueller
               affiliation:
                     name:Universität Würzburg
                     address:
                        name:Lehrstuhl für molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie und Biophysik, Julius-von- Sachs-Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Tina V. Hellmann
               affiliation:
                     name:Universität Würzburg
                     address:
                        name:Lehrstuhl für molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie und Biophysik, Julius-von- Sachs-Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Kristian K. Wuerzler
               affiliation:
                     name:Universitätsklinikum Würzburg
                     address:
                        name:Lehrstuhl für Mund-, Kiefer- und plastische Gesichtschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Alexander Kotzsch
               affiliation:
                     name:Universität Würzburg
                     address:
                        name:Lehrstuhl für molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie und Biophysik, Julius-von- Sachs-Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Anna Schliermann
               affiliation:
                     name:Universitätsklinikum Würzburg
                     address:
                        name:Lehrstuhl für Tissue Engineering und Regenerative Medizin, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Werner Schmitz
               affiliation:
                     name:Universität Würzburg
                     address:
                        name:Lehrstuhl für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, Theodor-Boveri-Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Alexander C. Kuebler
               affiliation:
                     name:Universitätsklinikum Würzburg
                     address:
                        name:Lehrstuhl für Mund-, Kiefer- und plastische Gesichtschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Walter Sebald
               affiliation:
                     name:Universität Würzburg
                     address:
                        name:Lehrstuhl für Physiologische Chemie II, Theodor-Boveri-Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               type:Person
               name:Joachim Nickel
               affiliation:
                     name:Universitätsklinikum Würzburg
                     address:
                        name:Lehrstuhl für Tissue Engineering und Regenerative Medizin, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
                     name:Fraunhofer-Institut für Grenzflächen- und Bioverfahrenstechnik IGB, Translationszentrum »Regenerative Therapien für Krebs- und Muskuloskelettale Erkrankungen« – Institutsteil Würzburg
                     address:
                        name:Fraunhofer-Institut für Grenzflächen- und Bioverfahrenstechnik IGB, Translationszentrum »Regenerative Therapien für Krebs- und Muskuloskelettale Erkrankungen« – Institutsteil Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
                        type:PostalAddress
                     type:Organization
               email:[email protected]
               type:Person
         isAccessibleForFree:1
         type:ScholarlyArticle
      context:https://schema.org
ScholarlyArticle:
      headline:GDF-5 can act as a context-dependent BMP-2 antagonist
      description:Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 and growth and differentiation factor (GDF)-5 are two related transforming growth factor (TGF)-β family members with important functions in embryonic development and tissue homeostasis. BMP-2 is best known for its osteoinductive properties whereas GDF-5—as evident from its alternative name, cartilage derived morphogenetic protein 1—plays an important role in the formation of cartilage. In spite of these differences both factors signal by binding to the same subset of BMP receptors, raising the question how these different functionalities are generated. The largest difference in receptor binding is observed in the interaction with the type I receptor BMPR-IA. GDF-5, in contrast to BMP-2, shows preferential binding to the isoform BMPR-IB, which is abrogated by a single amino acid (A57R) substitution. The resulting variant, GDF-5 R57A, represents a “BMP-2 mimic” with respect to BMP receptor binding. In this study we thus wanted to analyze whether the two growth factors can induce distinct signals via an identically composed receptor. Unexpectedly and dependent on the cellular context, GDF-5 R57A showed clear differences in its activity compared to BMP-2. In ATDC-5 cells, both ligands induced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression with similar potency. But in C2C12 cells, the BMP-2 mimic GDF-5 R57A (and also wild-type GDF-5) clearly antagonized BMP-2-mediated ALP expression, despite signaling in both cell lines occurring solely via BMPR-IA. The BMP-2- antagonizing properties of GDF-5 and GDF-5 R57A could also be observed in vivo when implanting BMP-2 and either one of the two GDF-5 ligands simultaneously at heterotopic sites. Although comparison of the crystal structures of the GDF-5 R57A:BMPR-IAEC- and BMP-2:BMPR-IAEC complex revealed small ligand-specific differences, these cannot account for the different signaling characteristics because the complexes seem identical in both differently reacting cell lines. We thus predict an additional component, most likely a not yet identified GDF-5-specific co-receptor, which alters the output of the signaling complexes. Hence the presence or absence of this component then switches GDF-5′s signaling capabilities to act either similar to BMP-2 or as a BMP-2 antagonist. These findings might shed new light on the role of GDF-5, e.g., in cartilage maintenance and/or limb development in that it might act as an inhibitor of signaling events initiated by other BMPs.
      datePublished:2015-09-18T00:00:00Z
      dateModified:2015-09-18T00:00:00Z
      pageStart:1
      pageEnd:18
      license:http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
      sameAs:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-015-0183-8
      keywords:
         Antagonist
         Crystal structure
         Growth and differentiation factor 5
         Ligand-receptor complex
         Life Sciences
         general
      image:
         https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12915-015-0183-8/MediaObjects/12915_2015_183_Fig1_HTML.gif
         https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12915-015-0183-8/MediaObjects/12915_2015_183_Fig2_HTML.gif
         https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12915-015-0183-8/MediaObjects/12915_2015_183_Fig3_HTML.gif
         https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12915-015-0183-8/MediaObjects/12915_2015_183_Fig4_HTML.gif
         https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12915-015-0183-8/MediaObjects/12915_2015_183_Fig5_HTML.gif
         https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12915-015-0183-8/MediaObjects/12915_2015_183_Fig6_HTML.gif
         https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12915-015-0183-8/MediaObjects/12915_2015_183_Fig7_HTML.gif
         https://media.springernature.com/lw1200/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12915-015-0183-8/MediaObjects/12915_2015_183_Fig8_HTML.gif
      isPartOf:
         name:BMC Biology
         issn:
            1741-7007
         volumeNumber:13
         type:
            Periodical
            PublicationVolume
      publisher:
         name:BioMed Central
         logo:
            url:https://www.springernature.com/app-sn/public/images/logo-springernature.png
            type:ImageObject
         type:Organization
      author:
            name:Uwe Klammert
            affiliation:
                  name:Universitätsklinikum Würzburg
                  address:
                     name:Lehrstuhl für Mund-, Kiefer- und plastische Gesichtschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Thomas D. Mueller
            affiliation:
                  name:Universität Würzburg
                  address:
                     name:Lehrstuhl für molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie und Biophysik, Julius-von- Sachs-Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Tina V. Hellmann
            affiliation:
                  name:Universität Würzburg
                  address:
                     name:Lehrstuhl für molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie und Biophysik, Julius-von- Sachs-Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Kristian K. Wuerzler
            affiliation:
                  name:Universitätsklinikum Würzburg
                  address:
                     name:Lehrstuhl für Mund-, Kiefer- und plastische Gesichtschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Alexander Kotzsch
            affiliation:
                  name:Universität Würzburg
                  address:
                     name:Lehrstuhl für molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie und Biophysik, Julius-von- Sachs-Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Anna Schliermann
            affiliation:
                  name:Universitätsklinikum Würzburg
                  address:
                     name:Lehrstuhl für Tissue Engineering und Regenerative Medizin, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Werner Schmitz
            affiliation:
                  name:Universität Würzburg
                  address:
                     name:Lehrstuhl für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, Theodor-Boveri-Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Alexander C. Kuebler
            affiliation:
                  name:Universitätsklinikum Würzburg
                  address:
                     name:Lehrstuhl für Mund-, Kiefer- und plastische Gesichtschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Walter Sebald
            affiliation:
                  name:Universität Würzburg
                  address:
                     name:Lehrstuhl für Physiologische Chemie II, Theodor-Boveri-Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            type:Person
            name:Joachim Nickel
            affiliation:
                  name:Universitätsklinikum Würzburg
                  address:
                     name:Lehrstuhl für Tissue Engineering und Regenerative Medizin, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
                  name:Fraunhofer-Institut für Grenzflächen- und Bioverfahrenstechnik IGB, Translationszentrum »Regenerative Therapien für Krebs- und Muskuloskelettale Erkrankungen« – Institutsteil Würzburg
                  address:
                     name:Fraunhofer-Institut für Grenzflächen- und Bioverfahrenstechnik IGB, Translationszentrum »Regenerative Therapien für Krebs- und Muskuloskelettale Erkrankungen« – Institutsteil Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
                     type:PostalAddress
                  type:Organization
            email:[email protected]
            type:Person
      isAccessibleForFree:1
["Periodical","PublicationVolume"]:
      name:BMC Biology
      issn:
         1741-7007
      volumeNumber:13
Organization:
      name:BioMed Central
      logo:
         url:https://www.springernature.com/app-sn/public/images/logo-springernature.png
         type:ImageObject
      name:Universitätsklinikum Würzburg
      address:
         name:Lehrstuhl für Mund-, Kiefer- und plastische Gesichtschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Universität Würzburg
      address:
         name:Lehrstuhl für molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie und Biophysik, Julius-von- Sachs-Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Universität Würzburg
      address:
         name:Lehrstuhl für molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie und Biophysik, Julius-von- Sachs-Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Universitätsklinikum Würzburg
      address:
         name:Lehrstuhl für Mund-, Kiefer- und plastische Gesichtschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Universität Würzburg
      address:
         name:Lehrstuhl für molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie und Biophysik, Julius-von- Sachs-Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Universitätsklinikum Würzburg
      address:
         name:Lehrstuhl für Tissue Engineering und Regenerative Medizin, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Universität Würzburg
      address:
         name:Lehrstuhl für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, Theodor-Boveri-Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Universitätsklinikum Würzburg
      address:
         name:Lehrstuhl für Mund-, Kiefer- und plastische Gesichtschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Universität Würzburg
      address:
         name:Lehrstuhl für Physiologische Chemie II, Theodor-Boveri-Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Universitätsklinikum Würzburg
      address:
         name:Lehrstuhl für Tissue Engineering und Regenerative Medizin, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
         type:PostalAddress
      name:Fraunhofer-Institut für Grenzflächen- und Bioverfahrenstechnik IGB, Translationszentrum »Regenerative Therapien für Krebs- und Muskuloskelettale Erkrankungen« – Institutsteil Würzburg
      address:
         name:Fraunhofer-Institut für Grenzflächen- und Bioverfahrenstechnik IGB, Translationszentrum »Regenerative Therapien für Krebs- und Muskuloskelettale Erkrankungen« – Institutsteil Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
         type:PostalAddress
ImageObject:
      url:https://www.springernature.com/app-sn/public/images/logo-springernature.png
Person:
      name:Uwe Klammert
      affiliation:
            name:Universitätsklinikum Würzburg
            address:
               name:Lehrstuhl für Mund-, Kiefer- und plastische Gesichtschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Thomas D. Mueller
      affiliation:
            name:Universität Würzburg
            address:
               name:Lehrstuhl für molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie und Biophysik, Julius-von- Sachs-Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Tina V. Hellmann
      affiliation:
            name:Universität Würzburg
            address:
               name:Lehrstuhl für molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie und Biophysik, Julius-von- Sachs-Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Kristian K. Wuerzler
      affiliation:
            name:Universitätsklinikum Würzburg
            address:
               name:Lehrstuhl für Mund-, Kiefer- und plastische Gesichtschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Alexander Kotzsch
      affiliation:
            name:Universität Würzburg
            address:
               name:Lehrstuhl für molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie und Biophysik, Julius-von- Sachs-Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Anna Schliermann
      affiliation:
            name:Universitätsklinikum Würzburg
            address:
               name:Lehrstuhl für Tissue Engineering und Regenerative Medizin, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Werner Schmitz
      affiliation:
            name:Universität Würzburg
            address:
               name:Lehrstuhl für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, Theodor-Boveri-Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Alexander C. Kuebler
      affiliation:
            name:Universitätsklinikum Würzburg
            address:
               name:Lehrstuhl für Mund-, Kiefer- und plastische Gesichtschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Walter Sebald
      affiliation:
            name:Universität Würzburg
            address:
               name:Lehrstuhl für Physiologische Chemie II, Theodor-Boveri-Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      name:Joachim Nickel
      affiliation:
            name:Universitätsklinikum Würzburg
            address:
               name:Lehrstuhl für Tissue Engineering und Regenerative Medizin, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
            name:Fraunhofer-Institut für Grenzflächen- und Bioverfahrenstechnik IGB, Translationszentrum »Regenerative Therapien für Krebs- und Muskuloskelettale Erkrankungen« – Institutsteil Würzburg
            address:
               name:Fraunhofer-Institut für Grenzflächen- und Bioverfahrenstechnik IGB, Translationszentrum »Regenerative Therapien für Krebs- und Muskuloskelettale Erkrankungen« – Institutsteil Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
               type:PostalAddress
            type:Organization
      email:[email protected]
PostalAddress:
      name:Lehrstuhl für Mund-, Kiefer- und plastische Gesichtschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
      name:Lehrstuhl für molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie und Biophysik, Julius-von- Sachs-Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
      name:Lehrstuhl für molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie und Biophysik, Julius-von- Sachs-Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
      name:Lehrstuhl für Mund-, Kiefer- und plastische Gesichtschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
      name:Lehrstuhl für molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie und Biophysik, Julius-von- Sachs-Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
      name:Lehrstuhl für Tissue Engineering und Regenerative Medizin, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
      name:Lehrstuhl für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, Theodor-Boveri-Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
      name:Lehrstuhl für Mund-, Kiefer- und plastische Gesichtschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
      name:Lehrstuhl für Physiologische Chemie II, Theodor-Boveri-Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
      name:Lehrstuhl für Tissue Engineering und Regenerative Medizin, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
      name:Fraunhofer-Institut für Grenzflächen- und Bioverfahrenstechnik IGB, Translationszentrum »Regenerative Therapien für Krebs- und Muskuloskelettale Erkrankungen« – Institutsteil Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany

External Links {🔗}(261)

Analytics and Tracking {📊}

Google Tag Manager

Libraries {📚}

Clipboard.js
Prism.js

CDN Services {📦}

Crossref

5.83s.

LINK . SPRINGER . COM {}