We are analyzing https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10549-012-2380-2.

Title:
Estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor expression in normal terminal duct lobular units surrounding invasive breast cancer | Breast Cancer Research and Treatment
Description:
Molecular and morphological alterations related to carcinogenesis have been found in terminal duct lobular units (TDLUs), the microscopic structures from which most breast cancer precursors and cancers develop, and therefore, analysis of these structures may reveal early changes in breast carcinogenesis and etiologic heterogeneity. Accordingly, we evaluated relationships of breast cancer risk factors and tumor pathology to estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) expression in TDLUs surrounding breast cancers. We analyzed 270 breast cancer cases included in a population-based breast cancer case–control study conducted in Poland. TDLUs were mapped in relation to breast cancer: within the same block as the tumor (TDLU-T), proximal to tumor (TDLU-PT), or distant from (TDLU-DT). ER/PR was quantitated using image analysis of immunohistochemically stained TDLUs prepared as tissue microarrays. In surgical specimens containing ER-positive breast cancers, ER and PR levels were significantly higher in breast cancer cells than in normal TDLUs, and higher in TDLU-T than in TDLU-DT or TDLU-PT, which showed similar results. Analyses combining DT−/PT TDLUs within subjects demonstrated that ER levels were significantly lower in premenopausal women versus postmenopausal women (odds ratio [OR] = 0.38, 95 % confidence interval [CI] = 0.19, 0.76, P = 0.0064) and among recent or current menopausal hormone therapy users compared with never users (OR = 0.14, 95 % CI = 0.046–0.43, P trend = 0.0006). Compared with premenopausal women, TDLUs of postmenopausal women showed lower levels of PR (OR = 0.90, 95 % CI = 0.83–0.97, P trend = 0.007). ER and PR expression in TDLUs was associated with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression in invasive tumors (P = 0.019 for ER and P = 0.03 for PR), but not with other tumor features. Our data suggest that TDLUs near breast cancers reflect field effects, whereas those at a distance demonstrate influences of breast cancer risk factors on at-risk breast tissue. Analyses of mapped TDLUs may provide information about the sequence of molecular changes occurring in breast carcinogenesis.
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Keywords {🔍}

breast, cancer, article, google, scholar, pubmed, cas, receptor, estrogen, expression, normal, risk, research, tdlus, res, tissue, women, lobular, epidemiology, yang, molecular, tumor, institute, terminal, duct, lissowska, factors, content, progesterone, hewitt, peplonska, brinton, sherman, cancers, usa, epithelium, analysis, units, garciaclosas, study, access, gene, nih, national, privacy, cookies, data, levels, involution, subtypes,

Topics {✒️}

age-related lobular involution month download article/chapter gene expression profiles steroid hormone receptors similar profile perou cm montserrat garcia-closas & mark author information authors er-positive breast cancers estrogen-related gene expression jolanta lissowska beata peplonska progesterone receptor content progesterone receptor expression invasive breast carcinoma population-based study author correspondence estrogen receptor-positive basal breast cancers breast cancer risk full article pdf population-based analysis breast cancer cases breast cancer patients estrogen receptor expression risk breast tissue breast tumor subtypes normal breast epithelium privacy choices/manage cookies normal breast tissue normal breast cells breast cancer subtypes histologically normal epithelium breast cancer precursors breast cancer cells breast cancer displays khan sa image cytometric study breast field cancerization progesterone receptor oestrogen receptor content oestrogen receptor expression risk factors human breast cancer endocrine therapy resistance invasive tumors morphological alterations related breast epithelial cells reproductive epidemiology branch benign breast epithelium

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         headline:Estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor expression in normal terminal duct lobular units surrounding invasive breast cancer
         description:Molecular and morphological alterations related to carcinogenesis have been found in terminal duct lobular units (TDLUs), the microscopic structures from which most breast cancer precursors and cancers develop, and therefore, analysis of these structures may reveal early changes in breast carcinogenesis and etiologic heterogeneity. Accordingly, we evaluated relationships of breast cancer risk factors and tumor pathology to estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) expression in TDLUs surrounding breast cancers. We analyzed 270 breast cancer cases included in a population-based breast cancer case–control study conducted in Poland. TDLUs were mapped in relation to breast cancer: within the same block as the tumor (TDLU-T), proximal to tumor (TDLU-PT), or distant from (TDLU-DT). ER/PR was quantitated using image analysis of immunohistochemically stained TDLUs prepared as tissue microarrays. In surgical specimens containing ER-positive breast cancers, ER and PR levels were significantly higher in breast cancer cells than in normal TDLUs, and higher in TDLU-T than in TDLU-DT or TDLU-PT, which showed similar results. Analyses combining DT−/PT TDLUs within subjects demonstrated that ER levels were significantly lower in premenopausal women versus postmenopausal women (odds ratio [OR] = 0.38, 95 % confidence interval [CI] = 0.19, 0.76, P = 0.0064) and among recent or current menopausal hormone therapy users compared with never users (OR = 0.14, 95 % CI = 0.046–0.43, P trend = 0.0006). Compared with premenopausal women, TDLUs of postmenopausal women showed lower levels of PR (OR = 0.90, 95 % CI = 0.83–0.97, P trend = 0.007). ER and PR expression in TDLUs was associated with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression in invasive tumors (P = 0.019 for ER and P = 0.03 for PR), but not with other tumor features. Our data suggest that TDLUs near breast cancers reflect field effects, whereas those at a distance demonstrate influences of breast cancer risk factors on at-risk breast tissue. Analyses of mapped TDLUs may provide information about the sequence of molecular changes occurring in breast carcinogenesis.
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         Progesterone receptor
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