We are analyzing https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00394-011-0187-2.

Title:
The citrus flavonoid hesperidin induces p53 and inhibits NF-κB activation in order to trigger apoptosis in NALM-6 cells: involvement of PPARγ-dependent mechanism | European Journal of Nutrition
Description:
Background Hesperidin, a flavanone present in citrus fruits, has been identified as a potent anticancer agent because of its proapoptotic and antiproliferative characteristics in some tumor cells. However, the precise mechanisms of action are not entirely understood. Aim The main purpose of this study is to investigate the involvement of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) in hesperidin’s anticancer actions in human pre-B NALM-6 cells, which expresses wild-type p53. Methods The effects of hesperidin on cell-cycle distribution, proliferation, and caspase-mediated apoptosis were examined in NALM-6 cells in the presence or absence of GW9662. The expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ), p53, phospho-IκB, Bcl-2, Bax, and XIAP proteins were focused on using the immunoblotting assay. The transcriptional activities of PPARγ and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) were analyzed by the transcription factor assay kits. The expression of PPARγ and p53 was analyzed using the RT-PCR method. Results Hesperidin induced the expression and transcriptional activity of PPARγ and promoted p53 accumulation and downregulated constitutive NF-κB activity in a PPARγ-dependent and PPARγ-independent manner. The growth-inhibitory effect of hesperidin was partially reduced when the cells preincubated with PPARγ antagonist prior to the exposure to hesperidin. Conclusions The findings of this study clearly demonstrate that hesperidin-mediated proapoptotic and antiproliferative actions are regulated via both PPARγ-dependent and PPARγ-independent pathways in NALM-6 cells. These data provide the first evidence that hesperidin could be developed as an agent against hematopoietic malignancies.
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Topics {✒️}

akt/foxo3a/gsk-3beta/ar signaling network peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors nuclear factor-kappab pathway nf-kappab activation pathway nuclear factor-kappab sequence month download article/chapter inhibits nf-κb activation expresses wild-type p53 activation-induced cell death cytokine-dependent murine pro ppar gamma signaling ppar-gamma agonists identified nuclear factor-kappab nf-kappab activation blocking nf-kappab represses p53-dependent apoptosis cell cycle arrest anti-inflammatory effects mediated article european journal related subjects hamid zand ppargamma2 gene expression induced-fit docking cellular signaling perturbation ligand binding sites full article pdf maryam nazari master research grants privacy choices/manage cookies nf-kappab cell-cycle distribution growth-inhibitory effect inhibiting pkb/akt avicenna research institute pparγ-dependent mechanism prostate cancer cells european economic area ppar-ɣ complexed anti-inflammatory activity promoted p53 accumulation ppargamma agonists ciglitazone p53 pathway human pancreatic cells jeddi-tehrani ppar-gamma author information authors nf-κb rt-pcr method small-molecule checkmate

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