We are analyzing https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00203-005-0004-5.

Title:
Carotenoid biosynthesis in Gloeobacter violaceus PCC4721 involves a single crtI-type phytoene desaturase instead of typical cyanobacterial enzymes | Archives of Microbiology
Description:
Gloeobacter violaceus is a cyanobacterium isolated from other groups by lack of thylakoids and unique structural features of its photosynthetic protein complexes. Carotenoid biosynthesis has been investigated with respect to the carotenoids formed and the genes and enzymes involved. Carotenoid analysis identified ß-carotene as major carotenoid and echinenone as a minor component. This composition is quite unique and the cellular amounts are up to 10-fold lower than in other unicellular cyanobacteria. Carotenoid biosynthesis is up-regulated in a light-dependent manner. This enhanced biosynthesis partially compensates for photooxidation especially of ß-carotene. The sequenced genome of G. violaceus was analyzed and several gene candidates homologous to carotenogenic genes from other organisms obtained. Functional expression of all candidates and complementation in Escherichia coli led to the identification of all genes involved in the biosynthesis of the G. violaceus carotenoids with the exception of the lycopene cyclase gene. An additional diketolase gene was found that functioned in E. coli but is silent in G. violaceus cells. The biggest difference from all other cyanobacteria is the existence of a single bacterial-type 4-step desaturase instead of the poly cis cyanobacterial desaturation pathway catalyzed by two cyanobacterial-type desaturases and an isomerase. The genes for these three enzymes are absent in G. violaceus.
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Keywords {🔍}

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Topics {✒️}

4-di-o-methyl-alpha-l-fucoside month download article/chapter yvonne jackisch & gerhard sandmann light-dark regulation escherichia coli led c30-bonded stationary phase ß-carotene hydroxylase gene carotenogenic gene cluster phytoene desaturase cyanophyceae und rhodophyceae carotenoid biosynthesis genes carotenoid ketolase genes full article pdf cyanobacterial-type desaturases typical cyanobacterial enzymes cyanobacterium synechocystis sp privacy choices/manage cookies carotenogenic genes related subjects cryptic crt genes light-dependent manner high-light upregulation marine synechococcus strains carotenoid gene promoters ketolase gene mediates resistant cyanobacterial mutants green sulfur bacteria cyanobacterium synechococcus sp gloeobacter violaceus dna lycopene cyclase gene myxol 2′-dimethyl-fucoside trans carotene isomerization additional diketolase gene blue-green algae european economic area photosynthetic protein complexes check access deinococcus wulumuqiensis r12 variable chain length martínez-férez im genomics-enabled studies supramolecular membrane organisation bleaching herbicide norflurazon clustalx windows interface instant access article archives article steiger lycopene isomers synthesized synechococcus mutants selected conditions privacy policy

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         headline:Carotenoid biosynthesis in Gloeobacter violaceus PCC4721 involves a single crtI-type phytoene desaturase instead of typical cyanobacterial enzymes
         description: Gloeobacter violaceus is a cyanobacterium isolated from other groups by lack of thylakoids and unique structural features of its photosynthetic protein complexes. Carotenoid biosynthesis has been investigated with respect to the carotenoids formed and the genes and enzymes involved. Carotenoid analysis identified ß-carotene as major carotenoid and echinenone as a minor component. This composition is quite unique and the cellular amounts are up to 10-fold lower than in other unicellular cyanobacteria. Carotenoid biosynthesis is up-regulated in a light-dependent manner. This enhanced biosynthesis partially compensates for photooxidation especially of ß-carotene. The sequenced genome of G. violaceus was analyzed and several gene candidates homologous to carotenogenic genes from other organisms obtained. Functional expression of all candidates and complementation in Escherichia coli led to the identification of all genes involved in the biosynthesis of the G. violaceus carotenoids with the exception of the lycopene cyclase gene. An additional diketolase gene was found that functioned in E. coli but is silent in G. violaceus cells. The biggest difference from all other cyanobacteria is the existence of a single bacterial-type 4-step desaturase instead of the poly cis cyanobacterial desaturation pathway catalyzed by two cyanobacterial-type desaturases and an isomerase. The genes for these three enzymes are absent in G. violaceus.
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      description: Gloeobacter violaceus is a cyanobacterium isolated from other groups by lack of thylakoids and unique structural features of its photosynthetic protein complexes. Carotenoid biosynthesis has been investigated with respect to the carotenoids formed and the genes and enzymes involved. Carotenoid analysis identified ß-carotene as major carotenoid and echinenone as a minor component. This composition is quite unique and the cellular amounts are up to 10-fold lower than in other unicellular cyanobacteria. Carotenoid biosynthesis is up-regulated in a light-dependent manner. This enhanced biosynthesis partially compensates for photooxidation especially of ß-carotene. The sequenced genome of G. violaceus was analyzed and several gene candidates homologous to carotenogenic genes from other organisms obtained. Functional expression of all candidates and complementation in Escherichia coli led to the identification of all genes involved in the biosynthesis of the G. violaceus carotenoids with the exception of the lycopene cyclase gene. An additional diketolase gene was found that functioned in E. coli but is silent in G. violaceus cells. The biggest difference from all other cyanobacteria is the existence of a single bacterial-type 4-step desaturase instead of the poly cis cyanobacterial desaturation pathway catalyzed by two cyanobacterial-type desaturases and an isomerase. The genes for these three enzymes are absent in G. violaceus.
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