We are analyzing https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00109-018-1670-5.

Title:
Autophagy blockade sensitizes human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma towards CYT997 through enhancing excessively high reactive oxygen species-induced apoptosis | Journal of Molecular Medicine
Description:
Abstract The functional relationship between apoptosis and autophagy in anticancer drug treatment is extremely complex, and the molecular machinery is obscure. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of CYT997, a novel microtubule-disrupting agent, in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) and complete the autophagy-apoptosis puzzle involved in drug action. We report here that CYT997 exhibits anticancer activity by triggering oxidative stress-associated apoptosis in HNSCC cells. Interestingly, upregulation of autophagy by mTOR-dependent pathways appears to have a cytoprotective role in preventing apoptosis by inhibiting CYT997-induced excessively high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Blockade of autophagy by ATG7 depletion or addition of autophagy inhibitor hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) sensitizes HNSCC cells to CYT997 as evidenced by enhanced ROS-associated apoptosis. Moreover, HCQ exhibits a good synergism with CYT997 on induction of apoptosis in HNSCC xenografts without cytotoxicity, suggesting combined treatment of CYT997 with autophagy inhibitors would increase the anticancer efficacy of CYT997. These findings unveil the importance of ROS in crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis in CYT997 treatment, raising concerns that genetic or pharmacologic blockade of autophagy should be considered in the design of new therapeutics for HNSCC. Key messages • CYT997 exhibits anticancer activity by induction of ROS-associated apoptosis. • mTOR-dependent cytoprotective autophagy prevents CYT997-induced apoptosis. • Blockade of autophagy augments CYT997 efficacy by enhanced ROS-associated apoptosis. • Combination of autophagy inhibitors with CYT997 is more effective against HNSCC.
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Keywords {🔍}

pubmed, article, google, scholar, cas, cancer, autophagy, apoptosis, central, cyt, cell, teng, cells, head, neck, gao, targeting, res, med, huang, augusta, squamous, drug, activity, access, chem, university, carcinoma, hnscc, ros, nat, mol, biol, signaling, usa, privacy, cookies, content, journal, molecular, blockade, reactive, oxygen, zhao, yong, anticancer, pathway, agents, rev, department,

Topics {✒️}

pi3k/akt/mtor pathway proteins ulk1–atg13–fip200 complex required month download article/chapter serine-glycine synthesis pathway mtor-dependent pathways appears reactive oxygen species nutrient-dependent mtorc1 association fgf19/fgfr4 signaling contributes amp-activated protein kinase wasf3 metastasis-promoting protein rapamycin–dependent translation initiation autophagy-apoptosis puzzle involved antibody–cytotoxic drug conjugate microtubule-disrupting agent mitochondrial atad3a combines inhibiting src activity full article pdf cyt997-induced autophagy human prostate cancer molecular medicine aims iii phosphoinositide 3-kinase microtubule-binding agents privacy choices/manage cookies mammalian autophagy research related subjects breast cancer cells georgia state university article gao sensitizes hnscc cells autophagy inhibitor hydroxychloroquine prostate cancer cells article journal institutional animal care vascular disrupting activity induces lethal mitophagy article log cancer therapy development european economic area activating egfr mutations n-acetylcysteine nacac le marchand-brustel martinez-outschoorn ue ceramide targets autophagosomes anticancer drug treatment vascular disrupting agents em data collection check access instant access conditions privacy policy potential therapeutic applications

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      description:The functional relationship between apoptosis and autophagy in anticancer drug treatment is extremely complex, and the molecular machinery is obscure. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of CYT997, a novel microtubule-disrupting agent, in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) and complete the autophagy-apoptosis puzzle involved in drug action. We report here that CYT997 exhibits anticancer activity by triggering oxidative stress-associated apoptosis in HNSCC cells. Interestingly, upregulation of autophagy by mTOR-dependent pathways appears to have a cytoprotective role in preventing apoptosis by inhibiting CYT997-induced excessively high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Blockade of autophagy by ATG7 depletion or addition of autophagy inhibitor hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) sensitizes HNSCC cells to CYT997 as evidenced by enhanced ROS-associated apoptosis. Moreover, HCQ exhibits a good synergism with CYT997 on induction of apoptosis in HNSCC xenografts without cytotoxicity, suggesting combined treatment of CYT997 with autophagy inhibitors would increase the anticancer efficacy of CYT997. These findings unveil the importance of ROS in crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis in CYT997 treatment, raising concerns that genetic or pharmacologic blockade of autophagy should be considered in the design of new therapeutics for HNSCC. • CYT997 exhibits anticancer activity by induction of ROS-associated apoptosis. • mTOR-dependent cytoprotective autophagy prevents CYT997-induced apoptosis. • Blockade of autophagy augments CYT997 efficacy by enhanced ROS-associated apoptosis. • Combination of autophagy inhibitors with CYT997 is more effective against HNSCC.
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