We are analyzing https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00018-018-2906-9.

Title:
Microsatellite instability in gastric cancer: molecular bases, clinical perspectives, and new treatment approaches | Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences
Description:
Gastric cancer is one of the most aggressive malignancies, with limited treatment options in both locally advanced and metastatic setting, resulting in poor prognosis. Based on genomic characterization, stomach tumour has recently been described as a heterogeneous disease composed by different subtypes, each of them with peculiar molecular aspects and specific clinical behaviour. With an incidence of 22% among all western gastric tumour cases, stomach cancer with microsatellite instability was identified as one of these subgroups. Retrospective studies and limited prospective trials reported differences between gastric cancers with microsatellite stability and those with instability, mainly concerning clinical and pathological features, but also in regard to immunological microenvironment, correlation with prognostic value, and responses to treatment. In particular, gastric cancer with microsatellite instability constitutes a small but relevant subgroup associated with older age, female sex, distal stomach location, and lower number of lymph-node metastases. Emerging data attribute to microsatellite instability status a favourable prognostic meaning, whereas the poor outcomes reported after perioperative chemotherapy administration suggest a detrimental role of cytotoxic drugs in this gastric cancer subgroup. The strong immunogenicity and the widespread expression of immune-checkpoint ligands make microsatellite instability subtype more vulnerable to immunotherapeutic approach, e.g., with anti-PD-L1 and anti-CTLA4 antibodies. Since gastric cancer with microsatellite instability shows specific features and clinical behaviour not overlapping with microsatellite stable disease, microsatellite instability test might be suitable for inclusion in a diagnostic setting for all tumour stages to guarantee the most targeted and effective treatment to every patient.
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Keywords {🔍}

cancer, microsatellite, article, google, scholar, msih, instability, gastric, patients, cas, msi, molecular, tumour, status, tumours, response, immune, clinical, chemotherapy, cancers, studies, mmr, reported, mss, trial, features, expression, colorectal, mismatch, compared, results, subgroup, survival, mutations, analysis, treatment, advanced, repair, pdl, metastatic, hmsh, unstable, data, prognosis, study, positive, dna, mmrd, oncol, genomic,

Topics {✒️}

gov/drugs/informationondrugs/approveddrugs/ucm560040 gov/drugs/informationondrugs/approveddrugs/ucm577093 pd-l1-positive tumour showed stimulate t-cell activation gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma gastro-oesophageal junction cancer progression-free survival rate multiple counter-inhibitory checkpoints pre-planned genetic profiling mmr-proficient colon cancer her2-positive advanced gastric limited lymph-node metastasis revised bethesda guidelines heavily pre-treated msi adjuvant 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy tissue/site agnostic indication including tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes mismatch repair-deficient cancers pd-l1-expressing tumours [66] mmr-proficient colorectal cancer pre-treated metastatic msi article download pdf fast-progressing patients received ngs-based methods cover inhibit anti-tumour activity comparative genomic hybridization tumor microsatellite-instability status high-level microsatellite instability quasi-monomorphic mononucleotide markers precise histo-pathological findings tumour microsatellite instability-high long term-survival outcomes t-cell infiltration privacy choices/manage cookies microsatellite instability-high tumours polymerase chain reaction mismatch repair deficiency mismatch-repair deficiency full access immune-checkpoint ligands [45 immune checkpoint ligands treatment-refractory metastatic patients deficient mismatch repair genomic profiling revealed revised guidelines dna mismatch repair anti-pd-l1 pd-l1 positive chemotherapy versus chemotherapy

Questions {❓}

Choi YY, Bae JM, An JY et al (2014) Is microsatellite instability a prognostic marker in gastric cancer?
Farkona S, Diamandis EP, Blasutig IM (2016) Cancer immunotherapy: the beginning of the end of cancer?

Schema {🗺️}

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         description:Gastric cancer is one of the most aggressive malignancies, with limited treatment options in both locally advanced and metastatic setting, resulting in poor prognosis. Based on genomic characterization, stomach tumour has recently been described as a heterogeneous disease composed by different subtypes, each of them with peculiar molecular aspects and specific clinical behaviour. With an incidence of 22% among all western gastric tumour cases, stomach cancer with microsatellite instability was identified as one of these subgroups. Retrospective studies and limited prospective trials reported differences between gastric cancers with microsatellite stability and those with instability, mainly concerning clinical and pathological features, but also in regard to immunological microenvironment, correlation with prognostic value, and responses to treatment. In particular, gastric cancer with microsatellite instability constitutes a small but relevant subgroup associated with older age, female sex, distal stomach location, and lower number of lymph-node metastases. Emerging data attribute to microsatellite instability status a favourable prognostic meaning, whereas the poor outcomes reported after perioperative chemotherapy administration suggest a detrimental role of cytotoxic drugs in this gastric cancer subgroup. The strong immunogenicity and the widespread expression of immune-checkpoint ligands make microsatellite instability subtype more vulnerable to immunotherapeutic approach, e.g., with anti-PD-L1 and anti-CTLA4 antibodies. Since gastric cancer with microsatellite instability shows specific features and clinical behaviour not overlapping with microsatellite stable disease, microsatellite instability test might be suitable for inclusion in a diagnostic setting for all tumour stages to guarantee the most targeted and effective treatment to every patient.
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      headline:Microsatellite instability in gastric cancer: molecular bases, clinical perspectives, and new treatment approaches
      description:Gastric cancer is one of the most aggressive malignancies, with limited treatment options in both locally advanced and metastatic setting, resulting in poor prognosis. Based on genomic characterization, stomach tumour has recently been described as a heterogeneous disease composed by different subtypes, each of them with peculiar molecular aspects and specific clinical behaviour. With an incidence of 22% among all western gastric tumour cases, stomach cancer with microsatellite instability was identified as one of these subgroups. Retrospective studies and limited prospective trials reported differences between gastric cancers with microsatellite stability and those with instability, mainly concerning clinical and pathological features, but also in regard to immunological microenvironment, correlation with prognostic value, and responses to treatment. In particular, gastric cancer with microsatellite instability constitutes a small but relevant subgroup associated with older age, female sex, distal stomach location, and lower number of lymph-node metastases. Emerging data attribute to microsatellite instability status a favourable prognostic meaning, whereas the poor outcomes reported after perioperative chemotherapy administration suggest a detrimental role of cytotoxic drugs in this gastric cancer subgroup. The strong immunogenicity and the widespread expression of immune-checkpoint ligands make microsatellite instability subtype more vulnerable to immunotherapeutic approach, e.g., with anti-PD-L1 and anti-CTLA4 antibodies. Since gastric cancer with microsatellite instability shows specific features and clinical behaviour not overlapping with microsatellite stable disease, microsatellite instability test might be suitable for inclusion in a diagnostic setting for all tumour stages to guarantee the most targeted and effective treatment to every patient.
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         Gastric cancer
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         Adjuvant chemotherapy
         Immune-checkpoint inhibitors
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         Biomedicine
         general
         Life Sciences
         Biochemistry
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