We are analyzing https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/bf00666035.

Title:
The role of vascular endothelial growth factor in pathological angiogenesis | Breast Cancer Research and Treatment
Description:
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a diffusible endothelial cell-specific mitogen and angiogenic factor that can also increase vascular permeability. By alternative splicing of mRNA, VEGF may exist as one of four different isoforms that have similar biological activities but differ markedly in targeting and bioavailability. The VEGF receptors are specifically expressed in the cell surface of vascular endothelial cells. Recent studies point to VEGF as a major regulator of physiological angiogenesis, such as developmental and reproductive angiogenesis. Furthermore, VEGF appears to be a crucial mediator of blood vessel growth associated with tumors and proliferative retinopathies. The VEGF mRNA is up-regulated in the majority of human tumors and the VEGF protein is increased in the aqueous and vitreous humors of patients with proliferative retinopathies. Anti-VEGF antibodies have the ability to suppress the growth of a variety of tumor cell lines in nude mice and also can inhibit angiogenesis in animal models of intraocular neovascularization. Therefore, strategies aimed at antagonizing VEGF may form the basis for an effective treatment of tumors and retinopathies. Furthermore, VEGF-induced angiogenesis is sufficient to achieve a therapeutic endpoint in models of coronary or limb ischemia.
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Keywords {🔍}

google, scholar, growth, factor, endothelial, vascular, ferrara, angiogenesis, cell, vegf, expression, cancer, human, cells, tumor, res, biol, permeability, article, folkman, chem, natl, invest, usa, clin, sci, breast, receptors, proc, acad, receptor, research, neovascularization, carcinoma, pathol, characterization, winer, phillips, vivo, nature, kinase, yeo, privacy, cookies, content, role, mrna, tumors, access, related,

Topics {✒️}

month download article/chapter transforming growth factor-β vascular permeability factor single intra-arterial bolus vascular endothelial growth vascular endothelium oxygen-sensing mechanisms regulating early-stage breast carcinoma mediate hypoxia-initiated angiogenesis growth factor control vascular endothelial cells placenta growth factor induces plasminogen activators clinical ischemic syndromes increase vascular permeability blood vessel growth tumor cell lines endothelial cell differentiation tumor cell proliferation human endothelial cells microvascular endothelial cells privacy choices/manage cookies secreted angiogenic mitogen vegf-induced angiogenesis peripheral vascular diseases arterial gene transfer rheumatoid arthritis proliferative diabetic retinopathy renal cell carcinoma primary breast cancer kdr tyrosine kinase peripheral vascular disease tumor stroma generation collateral blood flow quantitative angiogenesis assessed full article pdf human intracranial neoplasms tissue repair suggests south san francisco rat corpus luteum adult rat tissues o'reilly ms invasive breast carcinoma pathological angiogenesis published heparin-binding form human amniotic membrane european economic area anti-pecam antibodies retinal disorders tadpole collagenolytic enzyme

Questions {❓}

Folkman J: What is the evidence that tumors are angiogenesis-dependent?

Schema {🗺️}

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         headline:The role of vascular endothelial growth factor in pathological angiogenesis
         description:Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a diffusible endothelial cell-specific mitogen and angiogenic factor that can also increase vascular permeability. By alternative splicing of mRNA, VEGF may exist as one of four different isoforms that have similar biological activities but differ markedly in targeting and bioavailability. The VEGF receptors are specifically expressed in the cell surface of vascular endothelial cells. Recent studies point to VEGF as a major regulator of physiological angiogenesis, such as developmental and reproductive angiogenesis. Furthermore, VEGF appears to be a crucial mediator of blood vessel growth associated with tumors and proliferative retinopathies. The VEGF mRNA is up-regulated in the majority of human tumors and the VEGF protein is increased in the aqueous and vitreous humors of patients with proliferative retinopathies. Anti-VEGF antibodies have the ability to suppress the growth of a variety of tumor cell lines in nude mice and also can inhibit angiogenesis in animal models of intraocular neovascularization. Therefore, strategies aimed at antagonizing VEGF may form the basis for an effective treatment of tumors and retinopathies. Furthermore, VEGF-induced angiogenesis is sufficient to achieve a therapeutic endpoint in models of coronary or limb ischemia.
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